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Open Access 01-12-2011 | Review

Bone regeneration: current concepts and future directions

Authors: Rozalia Dimitriou, Elena Jones, Dennis McGonagle, Peter V Giannoudis

Published in: BMC Medicine | Issue 1/2011

Abstract

Bone regeneration is a complex, well-orchestrated physiological process of bone formation, which can be seen during normal fracture healing, and is involved in continuous remodelling throughout adult life. However, there are complex clinical conditions in which bone regeneration is required in large quantity, such as for skeletal reconstruction of large bone defects created by trauma, infection, tumour resection and skeletal abnormalities, or cases in which the regenerative process is compromised, including avascular necrosis, atrophic non-unions and osteoporosis. Currently, there is a plethora of different strategies to augment the impaired or 'insufficient' bone-regeneration process, including the 'gold standard' autologous bone graft, free fibula vascularised graft, allograft implantation, and use of growth factors, osteoconductive scaffolds, osteoprogenitor cells and distraction osteogenesis. Improved 'local' strategies in terms of tissue engineering and gene therapy, or even 'systemic' enhancement of bone repair, are under intense investigation, in an effort to overcome the limitations of the current methods, to produce bone-graft substitutes with biomechanical properties that are as identical to normal bone as possible, to accelerate the overall regeneration process, or even to address systemic conditions, such as skeletal disorders and osteoporosis.

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The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/9/66/prepub

Title: Bone regeneration: current concepts and future directions
Authors: Rozalia Dimitriou
Elena Jones
Dennis McGonagle
Peter V Giannoudis
Publication date: 01-12-2011
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Medicine / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 1741-7015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-9-66

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