Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Medicine
Published in: BMC Medicine 1/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Forum

DSM-5: a collection of psychiatrist views on the changes, controversies, and future directions

Authors: Charles B Nemeroff, Daniel Weinberger, Michael Rutter, Harriet L MacMillan, Richard A Bryant, Simon Wessely, Dan J Stein, Carmine M Pariante, Florian Seemüller, Michael Berk, Gin S Malhi, Martin Preisig, Martin Brüne, Paul Lysaker

Published in: BMC Medicine | Issue 1/2013

Login to get access

Abstract

The recent release of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) by the American Psychiatric Association has led to much debate. For this forum article, we asked BMC Medicine Editorial Board members who are experts in the field of psychiatry to discuss their personal views on how the changes in DSM-5 might affect clinical practice in their specific areas of psychiatric medicine. This article discusses the influence the DSM-5 may have on the diagnosis and treatment of autism, trauma-related and stressor-related disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, mood disorders (including major depression and bipolar disorders), and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 2013, Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 5
2.
American Psychiatric Association: Highlights of Changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5. 2013, Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association
3.
Friedman MJ, Resick PA, Bryant RA, Brewin CR: Considering PTSD for DSM-5. Depress Anxiety. 2011, 28: 750-769.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Scheeringa MS, Myers L, Putnam FW, Zeanah CH: Diagnosing PTSD in early childhood: an empirical assessment of four approaches. J Trauma Stress. 2012, 25: 359-367.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Cohen JA, Deblinger E, Mannarino AP, Steer RA: A multisite, randomized controlled trial for children with sexual abuse-related PTSD symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004, 43: 393-402.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
Cohen JA, Mannarino AP, Iyengar S: Community treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder for children exposed to intimate partner violence: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011, 165: 16-21.PubMed
7.
Lieberman AF, Van Horn P, Ippen CG: Toward evidence-based treatment: child–parent psychotherapy with preschoolers exposed to marital violence. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005, 44: 1241-1248.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Lieberman AF, Ghosh Ippen C, Van Horn P: Child–parent psychotherapy: 6-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006, 45: 913-918.CrossRefPubMed
9.
10.
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III). 1980, Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 3
11.
Wessely S, Jones E: Psychiatry and the lessons of Vietnam: what were they and are they still relevant?. War and Society. 2004, 22: 89-103.CrossRef
12.
13.
van Emmerik AA, Kamphuis JH: Testing a SSM-5 reformulation of posttraumatic stress disorder: Impact on prevalence and comorbidity among treatment-seeking civilian trauma survivors. J Trauma Stress. 2011, 24: 213-217.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Stein MB, Walker JR, Hazen AL, Forde DR: Full and partial posttraumatic stress disorder: Findings from a community survey. Am J Psychiatry. 1997, 154: 1114-1119.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Galatzer-Levy I, Bryant RA: 636,120 ways to have posttraumatic stress disorder: the relative merits of categorical and dimensional approaches to posttraumatic stress. Persp Psychol Sci. in press
16.
Maercker A, Brewin C, Bryant R, Cloitre M, Reed G, van Ommeren M, Humayun A, Jones L, Kagee A, Llosa A, Rousseau C, Somasundaram D, Souza R, Suzuki Y, Weissbecker I, Wessely S, First M, Saxena S: Proposals for mental disorders specifically associated with stress in the ICD-11. Lancet. 2013, 381: 1683-1685.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Hollander E, Zohar J, Sirovataka P, Regier D: Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders: Refining the Research Agenda for DSM-V. 2011, Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing Inc
18.
Leckman JF, et al: Obsessive-compulsive disorder: a review of the diagnostic criteria and possible subtypes and dimensional specifiers for DSM-V. Depress Anxiety. 2010, 27: 507-27.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
19.
20.
Stein DJ, et al: Should OCD be classified as an anxiety disorder in DSM-V?. Depress Anxiety. 2010, 27: 495-506.CrossRefPubMed
21.
22.
Mataix-Cols D, et al: Hoarding disorder: a new diagnosis for DSM-V?. Depress Anxiety. 2010, 27: 556-572.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Stein DJ, et al: Trichotillomania (hair pulling disorder), skin picking disorder, and stereotypic movement disorder: toward DSM-V. Depress Anxiety. 2010, 27: 611-26.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Walkup JT, Ferrão Y, Leckman JF, Stein DJ, Singer H: Tic disorders: some key issues for DSM-V. Depress Anxiety. 2010, 27: 600-10.CrossRefPubMed
25.
26.
Bienvenu OJ, et al: Is obsessive-compulsive disorder an anxiety disorder, and what, if any, are spectrum conditions? A family study perspective. Psychol Med. 2012, 42: 1-13.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Mataix-Cols D, Billotti D, de la Cruz LF, Nordsletten AE: The London field trial for hoarding disorder. Psychol Med. 2013, 43: 837-47.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Lochner C, et al: DSM-5 field survey: hair-pulling disorder (trichotillomania). Depress Anxiety. 2012, 29: 1025-31.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Lochner C, Grant JE, Odlaug BL, Stein DJ: DSM-5 field survey: skin picking disorder. Ann Clin PsychiatryJ Am Acad Clin Psychiatrists. 2012, 24: 300-4.
30.
31.
Stein DJ, Craske MG, Friedman MJ, Phillips KA: Meta-structure issues for the DSM-5: How Do anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, post-traumatic disorders, and dissociative disorders Fit together?. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2011, 13: 248-50.CrossRefPubMed
32.
33.
34.
Stein DJ, et al: Obsessive-compulsive disorder: diagnostic and treatment issues. Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2009, 32: 665-85.CrossRef
35.
Phillips KA, Hart AS, Simpson HB, Stein DJ: Delusional versus nondelusional body dysmorphic disorder: recommendations for DSM-5. CNS Spectrums. 2013, 1-11. available on CJO2013
36.
Matsunaga H, et al: Symptom structure in Japanese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2008, 165: 251-3.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Mataix-Cols D, Pertusa A, Leckman JF: Issues for DSM-V: how should obsessive-compulsive and related disorders be classified?. Am J Psychiatry. 2007, 164: 1313-4.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Stein DJ: Is disorder X in category or spectrum Y? General considerations and application to the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and anxiety disorders. Depress Anxiety. 2008, 25: 330-5.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Kendler KS, Myers J, Zisook S: Does bereavement-related major depression differ from major depression associated with other stressful life events?. Am J Psychiatry. 2008, 165: 1449-1455.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Blader JC, Carlson GA: Increased rates of bipolar disorder diagnoses among U.S. child, adolescent, and adult inpatients, 1996–2004. Biol Psychiatry. 2007, 62: 107-114.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
41.
Regier DA, Narrow WE, Clarke DE, Kraemer HC, Kuramoto SJ, Kuhl EA, Kupfer DJ: DSM-5 field trials in the United States and Canada, Part II: test-retest reliability of selected categorical diagnoses. Am J Psychiatry. 2013, 170: 59-70.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Wakefield JC: DSM-5: proposed changes to depressive disorders. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012, 28: 335-343.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Nierenberg AA, Kansky C, Brennan BP, Shelton RC, Perlis R, Iosifescu DV: Mitochondrial modulators for bipolar disorder: a pathophysiologically informed paradigm for new drug development. Aust NZJ Psychiatry. 2013, 47: 26-42.CrossRef
44.
Swann AC, Lafer B, Perugi G, Frye MA, Bauer M, Bahk WM, Scott J, Ha K, Suppes T: Bipolar mixed states: an international society for bipolar disorders task force report of symptom structure, course of illness, and diagnosis. Am J Psychiatry. 2013, 170: 31-42. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12030301CrossRefPubMed
45.
Dodd S, Kulkarni J, Berk L, Ng F, Fitzgerald PB, de Castella AR, Filia S, Filia K, Montgomery W, Kelin K, Smith M, Brnabic A, Berk M: A prospective study of the impact of subthreshold mixed states on the 24-month clinical outcomes of bipolar I disorder or schizoaffective disorder. J Affect Disord. 2010, 124: 22-8.CrossRefPubMed
46.
Koukopoulos A, Sani G: DSM-5 criteria for depression with mixed features: a farewell to mixed depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2013, 1-13. doi:10.1111/acps.12140
47.
48.
Copeland WE, Angold A, Costello EJ, Egger H: Prevalence, comorbidity, and correlates of DSM-5 proposed disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2013, 170: 173-179. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12010132CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
Axelson D, Findling RL, Fristad MA, Kowatch RA, Youngstrom EA, Horwitz SM, Arnold LE, Frazier TW, Ryan N, Demeter C, Gill MK, Hauser-Harrington JC, Depew J, Kennedy SM, Gron BA, Rowles BM, Birmaher B: Examining the proposed disruptive mood dysregulation disorder diagnosis in children in the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012, 73: 1342-50. doi:10.4088/JCP.12m07674CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
50.
Zisook S, Corruble E, Duan N, Iglewicz A, Karam EG, Lanouette N, Lebowitz B, Pies R, Reynolds C, Seay K, Katherine Shear M, Simon N, Young IT: The bereavement exclusion and DSM-5. Depress Anxiety. 2012, 29: 425-443.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Porter R, Mulder R, Lacey C: DSM-5 and the elimination of the major depression bereavement exclusion. Aust NZJ Psychiatry. 2013, 47: 391-3.CrossRef
52.
Taylor MA, Fink M: Restoring melancholia in the classification of mood disorders. J Affect Disord. 2008, 105: 1-14.CrossRefPubMed
53.
Kocsis JH: Melancholia as a distinct mood disorder? Recommendations for DSM-5. Am J Psychiatry. 2010, 167: 1534.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Cuthbert BN, Insel TR: Toward the future of psychiatric diagnosis: the seven pillars of RDoC. BMC Med. 2013, 14: 126.CrossRef
55.
56.
Fusar-Poli P, Bonoldi I, Yung AR, Borgwardt S, Kempton MJ, Valmaggia L, Barale F, Caverzasi E, McGuire P: Predicting psychosis: meta-analysis of transition outcomes in individuals at high clinical risk. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012, 69: 220-9.CrossRefPubMed
57.
McGorry PD, Hickie IB, Yung AR, Pantelis C, Jackson HJ: Clinical staging of psychiatric disorders: a heuristic framework for choosing earlier, safer and more effective interventions. Aust NZJ Psychiatry. 2006, 40: 616-22.CrossRef
58.
Morrison AP, French P, Stewart SL, Birchwood M, Fowler D, Gumley AI, Jones PB, Bentall RP, Lewis SW, Murray GK, Patterson P, Brunet K, Conroy J, Parker S, Reilly T, Byrne R, Davies LM, Dunn G: Early detection and intervention evaluation for people at risk of psychosis: multisite randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2012, 344: e2233.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
59.
Preti A, Cella M: Randomized-controlled trials in people at ultra high risk of psychosis: a review of treatment effectiveness. Schizophr Res. 2010, 123: 30-6.CrossRefPubMed
60.
American Heart Association Scientific Statement: Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals. Part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans: a statement for professionals from the subcommittee of professional and public education of the American Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Research. Hypertension. 2005, 45: 142-161.CrossRef
61.
Kelleher I, Harley M, Murtagh A, Cannon M: Are screening instruments valid for psychotic-like experiences? a validation study of screening questions for psychotic-like experiences using in-depth clinical interview. Schizophr Bull. 2011, 37: 362-369.CrossRefPubMed
62.
McGlashan TH, Miller TJ, Woods SW: Pre-onset detection and intervention research in schizophrenia psychoses: current estimates of benefit and risk. Schizophr Bull. 2001, 27: 563-70.CrossRefPubMed
63.
Yung A, Phillips LJ, McGorry PD, et al: Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS). 2001, Melbourne: PACE Clinic, University of Melbourne
64.
Kendler KS, Gruenberg AM, Tsuang MT: Subtype stability in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 1985, 142: 827-832.CrossRefPubMed
65.
Fabrega H: Phylogenetic and Cultural Basis of Mental Illness. 2002, New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press
66.
Brüne M, Belsky J, Fabrega H, Feierman JR, Gilbert P, Glantz K, Polimeni J, Price JS, Sanjuan J, Sullivan R, Troisi A, Wilson DR: The crisis of psychiatry – insights and prospects from evolutionary theory. World Psychiatry. 2012, 11: 55-57.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
67.
Kumar A, Sharma P, Das S, Nath K, Talukdar U, Bhagabati D: Insight in psychotic disorder: relation with psychopathology and frontal lobe function. Psychopathology. In press
68.
Lysaker PH, Vohs J, Hillis JD, Kukla M, Popolo R, Salvatore G, Dimaggio G: Poor insight in schizophrenia: contributing factors, consequences, and emerging treatment approaches. Expert Rev Neurother. In press
69.
Van der Meer L, De Vos AE, Stiekema AP, Pijnenborg GH, Van Tol MJ, Nolen WA, David AS, Aleman A: Insight in schizophrenia: involvement of self-reflection networks?. Schizophr Bull. In press
70.
Silverstein SM, Bellack AS: Scientific agenda for the concept of recovery as it applies to schizophrenia. Clin Psychol Rev. 2008, 28: 1108-24.CrossRefPubMed
71.
Slade M: Personal Recovery and Mental Illness: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals. 2009, NY, NY: Cambridge University PressCrossRef
72.
Bleuler E: Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. 1950, New York: International Universities Press
73.
Lysaker PH, Bob P, Pec O, Hamm J, Kukla M, Vohs J, Popolo R, Salvatore G, Dimaggio G: Metacognition as a link which connects brain to behavior in schizophrenia. Translational Neurosci. In press
Metadata
Title
DSM-5: a collection of psychiatrist views on the changes, controversies, and future directions
Authors
Charles B Nemeroff
Daniel Weinberger
Michael Rutter
Harriet L MacMillan
Richard A Bryant
Simon Wessely
Dan J Stein
Carmine M Pariante
Florian Seemüller
Michael Berk
Gin S Malhi
Martin Preisig
Martin Brüne
Paul Lysaker
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Medicine / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1741-7015
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-11-202

Other articles of this Issue 1/2013

BMC Medicine 1/2013 Go to the issue

Opinion

Recent findings on the health effects of omega-3 fatty acids and statins, and their interactions: do statins inhibit omega-3?

Review

Novel therapeutic agents in clinical development for systemic lupus erythematosus

Review

Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer

Commentary

Procalcitonin beyond the acute phase: novel biomediator properties?

Research article

Support of personalized medicine through risk-stratified treatment recommendations - an environmental scan of clinical practice guidelines

Research article

Associations between selected immune-mediated diseases and tuberculosis: record-linkage studies