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International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology
Published in: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | PES Review

Intrauterine growth restriction and hypospadias: is there a connection?

Authors: Min-Jye Chen, Charles G Macias, Sheila K Gunn, Jennifer E Dietrich, David R Roth, Bruce J Schlomer, Lefkothea P Karaviti

Published in: International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital malformations of the genitourinary tract in males. It is an incomplete fusion of urethral folds early in fetal development and may be associated with other malformations of the genital tract. The etiology is poorly understood and may be hormonal, genetic, or environmental, but most often is idiopathic or multifactorial. Among many possible risk factors identified, of particular importance is low birth weight, which is defined in various ways in the literature. No mechanism has been identified for the association of low birth weight and hypospadias, but some authors propose placental insufficiency as a common inciting factor. Currently, there is no standardized approach for evaluating children with hypospadias in the setting of intrauterine growth restriction. We reviewed the available published literature on the association of hypospadias and growth restriction to determine whether it should be considered a separate entity within the category of disorders of sexual differentiation.
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Metadata
Title
Intrauterine growth restriction and hypospadias: is there a connection?
Authors
Min-Jye Chen
Charles G Macias
Sheila K Gunn
Jennifer E Dietrich
David R Roth
Bruce J Schlomer
Lefkothea P Karaviti
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1687-9856
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1687-9856-2014-20

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