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Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2009

Open Access 01-12-2009 | Review

MicroRNAs in colorectal cancer: translation of molecular biology into clinical application

Authors: Ondrej Slaby, Marek Svoboda, Jaroslav Michalek, Rostislav Vyzula

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2009

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs 18-25 nucleotides in length that downregulate gene expression during various crucial cell processes such as apoptosis, differentiation and development. Changes in the expression profiles of miRNAs have been observed in a variety of human tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Functional studies indicate that miRNAs act as tumor suppressors and oncogenes. These findings significantly extend Vogelstein's model of CRC pathogenesis and have shown great potential for miRNAs as a novel class of therapeutic targets. Several investigations have also described the ability of miRNA expression profiles to predict prognosis and response to selected treatments in CRC patients, and support diagnosis of CRC among cancer of unknown primary site. miRNAs' occurrence has been repeatedly observed also in serum and plasma, and miRNAs as novel minimally invasive biomarkers have indicated reasonable sensitivity for CRC detection and compare favorably with the fecal occult blood test. In this review, we summarize the knowledge regarding miRNAs' functioning in CRC while emphasizing their significance in pathogenetic signaling pathways and their potential to serve as disease biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets.
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Metadata
Title
MicroRNAs in colorectal cancer: translation of molecular biology into clinical application
Authors
Ondrej Slaby
Marek Svoboda
Jaroslav Michalek
Rostislav Vyzula
Publication date
01-12-2009
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2009
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-4598-8-102

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