Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Women's Health 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Research article

Psychosocial impact of perinatal loss among Muslim women

Authors: Rosnah Sutan, Hazlina Mohd Miskam

Published in: BMC Women's Health | Issue 1/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Women of reproductive age are vulnerable to psychosocial problems, but these have remained largely unexplored in Muslim women in developing countries. The aim of this study was to explore and describe psychosocial impact and social support following perinatal loss among Muslim women.

Methods

A qualitative study was conducted in a specialist centre among Muslim mothers who had experienced perinatal loss. Purposive sampling to achieve maximum variation among Muslims in relation to age, parity and previous perinatal death was used. Data was collected by focus group discussion and in-depth unstructured interview until the saturation point met. Sixteen mothers who had recent perinatal loss of wanted pregnancy, had received antenatal follow up from public or private health clinics, and had delivery in our centre participated for the study. All of them had experienced psychological difficulties including feelings of confusion, emptiness and anxiety over facing another pregnancy.

Results

Two out of sixteen showed anger and one felt guilt. They reported experiencing a lack of communication and privacy in the hospital during the period of grief. Family members and friends play an important role in providing support. The majority agreed that the decision makers were husbands and families instead of themselves. The respondents felt that repetitive reminder of whatever happened was a test from God improved their sense of self-worth. They appreciated this reminder especially when it came from husband, family or friends closed to them.

Conclusion

Muslim mothers who had experienced perinatal loss showed some level of adverse psychosocial impact which affected their feelings. Husbands and family members were the main decision makers for Muslim women. Health care providers should provide psychosocial support during antenatal, delivery and postnatal care. On-going support involving husband should be available where needed.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Lamb EH: The impact of previous perinatal loss on subsequent pregnancy and parenting. J Perinat Educ. 2002, 11 (2): 33-40.PubMedPubMedCentral Lamb EH: The impact of previous perinatal loss on subsequent pregnancy and parenting. J Perinat Educ. 2002, 11 (2): 33-40.PubMedPubMedCentral
2.
go back to reference Côté-Arsenault D: Threat appraisal, coping, and emotions across pregnancy subsequent to perinatal loss. Nurs Res. 2007, 56 (2): 108-116. 10.1097/01.NNR.0000263970.08878.87.CrossRefPubMed Côté-Arsenault D: Threat appraisal, coping, and emotions across pregnancy subsequent to perinatal loss. Nurs Res. 2007, 56 (2): 108-116. 10.1097/01.NNR.0000263970.08878.87.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Blackmore ER, Côté-Arsenault D, Tang W, Glover V, Evans J, Golding J, O’Connor TG: Previous prenatal loss as a predictor of perinatal depression and anxiety. BJP. 2011, 198: 373-378. 10.1192/bjp.bp.110.083105.CrossRef Blackmore ER, Côté-Arsenault D, Tang W, Glover V, Evans J, Golding J, O’Connor TG: Previous prenatal loss as a predictor of perinatal depression and anxiety. BJP. 2011, 198: 373-378. 10.1192/bjp.bp.110.083105.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Schaap AHP, Wolf H, Bruinse HW, Barkhof-van de Lande S, Treffers PE: Longterm impact of perinatal bereavement comparison of grief reactions after intrauterine versus neonatal death. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1997, 75: 161-167. 10.1016/S0301-2115(97)00127-9.CrossRefPubMed Schaap AHP, Wolf H, Bruinse HW, Barkhof-van de Lande S, Treffers PE: Longterm impact of perinatal bereavement comparison of grief reactions after intrauterine versus neonatal death. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1997, 75: 161-167. 10.1016/S0301-2115(97)00127-9.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Qur’an. Sura XVI: Nahl- "The Bee" verse 72. Qur’an. Sura XVI: Nahl- "The Bee" verse 72.
11.
go back to reference Lim NY, Rachel K, Safiah B, Jackie H: Introduction. Report of stillbirths and neonatal deaths. 2006, 2000–2002: 1-3. Lim NY, Rachel K, Safiah B, Jackie H: Introduction. Report of stillbirths and neonatal deaths. 2006, 2000–2002: 1-3.
12.
go back to reference Sutan R: A review of determinant factors of stillbirths in Malaysia. J Community Health. 2009, 14 (2): 68-77. Sutan R: A review of determinant factors of stillbirths in Malaysia. J Community Health. 2009, 14 (2): 68-77.
13.
go back to reference Sutan R, Rosnah MA, Khadija B, Rusli Z, Faiz K, Teng ZT: Psychosocial Impact of mothers with Perinatal Loss and Its Contributing Factors: An Insight. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed & Biotechnol). 2010, 11 (3): 209-217.CrossRef Sutan R, Rosnah MA, Khadija B, Rusli Z, Faiz K, Teng ZT: Psychosocial Impact of mothers with Perinatal Loss and Its Contributing Factors: An Insight. J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed & Biotechnol). 2010, 11 (3): 209-217.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Finlay L: Exploring lived experience: principles and practice of phenomenological research. Int J Ther Rehabil. 2009, 16 (9): 474-481.CrossRef Finlay L: Exploring lived experience: principles and practice of phenomenological research. Int J Ther Rehabil. 2009, 16 (9): 474-481.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Côté-Arsenault D, Freije MM: Support groups helping women through pregnancies after loss. West J Nurs Res. 2004, 26 (6): 650-670. 10.1177/0193945904265817.CrossRefPubMed Côté-Arsenault D, Freije MM: Support groups helping women through pregnancies after loss. West J Nurs Res. 2004, 26 (6): 650-670. 10.1177/0193945904265817.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Seneviratne G, Smith M, Valoriani V, Wickberg B, Figueiredo B, Yoshida K, Gorman LL, Hacking S, Hirst E, Kammerer MH, Klier CM, Oates MR, Cox JL, Neema S, Asten P, Barbara F: Postnatal depression across countries and cultures: a qualitative study. BJP. 2004, 184: s10-s16. 10.1192/bjp.184.46.s10.CrossRef Seneviratne G, Smith M, Valoriani V, Wickberg B, Figueiredo B, Yoshida K, Gorman LL, Hacking S, Hirst E, Kammerer MH, Klier CM, Oates MR, Cox JL, Neema S, Asten P, Barbara F: Postnatal depression across countries and cultures: a qualitative study. BJP. 2004, 184: s10-s16. 10.1192/bjp.184.46.s10.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Kavanaugh K, Hershberger P: Perinatal loss in low-income African American parents. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2005, 34: 595-605. 10.1177/0884217505280000.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kavanaugh K, Hershberger P: Perinatal loss in low-income African American parents. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2005, 34: 595-605. 10.1177/0884217505280000.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
19.
go back to reference Turton P, Hughes P, Evans CDH, Fainman D: Incidence, correlates and predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder in the pregnancy after stillbirth. BJP. 2001, 178: 556-560. doi10.1192/bjp.178.6.556.CrossRef Turton P, Hughes P, Evans CDH, Fainman D: Incidence, correlates and predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder in the pregnancy after stillbirth. BJP. 2001, 178: 556-560. doi10.1192/bjp.178.6.556.CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Kavanaugh K, Moro T: Supporting parents who experience a pregnancy loss or infant death. Am J Nurs. 2006, 106 (9): 74-79. 10.1097/00000446-200609000-00037.CrossRefPubMed Kavanaugh K, Moro T: Supporting parents who experience a pregnancy loss or infant death. Am J Nurs. 2006, 106 (9): 74-79. 10.1097/00000446-200609000-00037.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Gold KJ: Navigating care after a baby dies: a systematic review of parent experiences with health providers. J Perinatol. 2007, 27 (4): 230-237. 10.1038/sj.jp.7211676.CrossRefPubMed Gold KJ: Navigating care after a baby dies: a systematic review of parent experiences with health providers. J Perinatol. 2007, 27 (4): 230-237. 10.1038/sj.jp.7211676.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Kobler K, Limbo R, Kavanaugh K: Meaningful moments: The use of ritual in perinatal and pediatric death. Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2007, 32: 288-295. 10.1097/01.NMC.0000287998.80005.79.CrossRef Kobler K, Limbo R, Kavanaugh K: Meaningful moments: The use of ritual in perinatal and pediatric death. Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2007, 32: 288-295. 10.1097/01.NMC.0000287998.80005.79.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Webb M, Charbonneau AM, McCann RA Gayle KR: Struggling and enduring with God, religious support, and recovery from severe mental illness. J Clin Psychol. 2011, 67 (12): 1161-1176. 10.1002/jclp.20838.CrossRefPubMed Webb M, Charbonneau AM, McCann RA Gayle KR: Struggling and enduring with God, religious support, and recovery from severe mental illness. J Clin Psychol. 2011, 67 (12): 1161-1176. 10.1002/jclp.20838.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Austin MP, Leader L: Maternal stress and obstetric and infant outcomes:epidemiological findings and neuroendocrine mechanisms. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2000, 40 (3): 331-337. 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2000.tb03344.x.CrossRefPubMed Austin MP, Leader L: Maternal stress and obstetric and infant outcomes:epidemiological findings and neuroendocrine mechanisms. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2000, 40 (3): 331-337. 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2000.tb03344.x.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Allison SJ, Stanfford J, Anumba DOC: The effect of stress and anxiety associated with maternal prenatal diagnosis on feto-maternal attachment. BMC Womens Health. 2011, 11 (33): 10.1186/1472-6874-11-33. Allison SJ, Stanfford J, Anumba DOC: The effect of stress and anxiety associated with maternal prenatal diagnosis on feto-maternal attachment. BMC Womens Health. 2011, 11 (33): 10.1186/1472-6874-11-33.
27.
go back to reference Peel E: Pregnancy loss in lesbian and bisexual women: an online survey of experience. Hum Reprod. 2010, 25 (3): 721-727. 10.1016/j.whi.2011.07.006.CrossRefPubMed Peel E: Pregnancy loss in lesbian and bisexual women: an online survey of experience. Hum Reprod. 2010, 25 (3): 721-727. 10.1016/j.whi.2011.07.006.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Psychosocial impact of perinatal loss among Muslim women
Authors
Rosnah Sutan
Hazlina Mohd Miskam
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Women's Health / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6874
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6874-12-15

Other articles of this Issue 1/2012

BMC Women's Health 1/2012 Go to the issue