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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2013

Open Access 01-12-2013 | Research article

Effectiveness of the trivalent influenza vaccine in Navarre, Spain, 2010–2011: a population-based test-negative case–control study

Authors: Iván Martínez-Baz, Víctor Martínez-Artola, Gabriel Reina, Marcela Guevara, Manuel García Cenoz, Julio Morán, Fátima Irisarri, Maite Arriazu, Esther Albeniz, Jesús Castilla, The Primary Health Care Sentinel Network of Navarre

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2013

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Abstract

Background

Some studies have evaluated vaccine effectiveness in preventing outpatient influenza while others have analysed its effectiveness in preventing hospitalizations. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the trivalent influenza vaccine in preventing outpatient illness and hospitalizations from laboratory-confirmed influenza in the 2010–2011 season.

Methods

We conducted a nested case–control study in the population covered by the general practitioner sentinel network for influenza surveillance in Navarre, Spain. Patients with influenza-like illness in hospitals and primary health care were swabbed for influenza testing. Influenza vaccination status and other covariates were obtained from health care databases. Using logistic regression, the vaccination status of laboratory-confirmed influenza cases was compared with that of test-negative controls, adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, outpatient visits in the previous 12 months, health care setting, time between symptom onset and swabbing, period and A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination. Effectiveness was calculated as (1-odds ratio)x100.

Results

The 303 confirmed influenza cases (88% for A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza) were compared with the 286 influenza test-negative controls. The percentage of persons vaccinated against influenza was 4.3% and 15.7%, respectively (p<0.001). The adjusted estimate of effectiveness was 67% (95% CI: 24%, 86%) for all patients and 64% (95% CI: 8%, 86%) in those with an indication for vaccination (persons age 60 or older or with major chronic conditions). Having received both the 2010–2011 seasonal influenza vaccine and the 2009–2010 pandemic influenza vaccine provided 87% protection (95% CI: 30%, 98%) as compared to those not vaccinated.

Conclusion

The 2010–2011 seasonal influenza vaccine had a moderate protective effect in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Effectiveness of the trivalent influenza vaccine in Navarre, Spain, 2010–2011: a population-based test-negative case–control study
Authors
Iván Martínez-Baz
Víctor Martínez-Artola
Gabriel Reina
Marcela Guevara
Manuel García Cenoz
Julio Morán
Fátima Irisarri
Maite Arriazu
Esther Albeniz
Jesús Castilla
The Primary Health Care Sentinel Network of Navarre
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-191

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