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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2011

Open Access 01-12-2011 | Research article

The timing of death in patients with tuberculosis who die during anti-tuberculosis treatment in Andhra Pradesh, South India

Authors: Subbanna Jonnalagada, Anthony D Harries, Rony Zachariah, Srinath Satyanarayana, Shailaja Tetali, G Keshav Chander, Srinivas Rao, Ranganadha Rao, Sundaresh Peri, Raghupathy Anchala, Nanda K Kannuri

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2011

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Abstract

Background

India has 2.0 million estimated tuberculosis (TB) cases per annum with an estimated 280,000 TB-related deaths per year. Understanding when in the course of TB treatment patients die is important for determining the type of intervention to be offered and crucially when this intervention should be given. The objectives of the current study were to determine in a large cohort of TB patients in India:- i) treatment outcomes including the number who died while on treatment, ii) the month of death and iii) characteristics associated with "early" death, occurring in the initial 8 weeks of treatment.

Methods

This was a retrospective study in 16 selected Designated Microscopy Centres (DMCs) in Hyderabad, Krishna and Adilabad districts of Andhra Pradesh, South India. A review was performed of treatment cards and medical records of all TB patients (adults and children) registered and placed on standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment from January 2005 to September 2009.

Results

There were 8,240 TB patients (5183 males) of whom 492 (6%) were known to have died during treatment. Case-fatality was higher in those previously treated (12%) and lower in those with extra-pulmonary TB (2%). There was an even distribution of deaths during anti-tuberculosis treatment, with 28% of all patients dying in the first 8 weeks of treatment. Increasing age and new as compared to recurrent TB disease were significantly associated with "early death".

Conclusion

In this large cohort of TB patients, deaths occurred with an even frequency throughout anti-TB treatment. Reasons may relate to i) the treatment of the disease itself, raising concerns about drug adherence, quality of anti-tuberculosis drugs or the presence of undetected drug resistance and ii) co-morbidities, such as HIV/AIDS and diabetes mellitus, which are known to influence mortality. More research in this area from prospective and retrospective studies is needed.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
The timing of death in patients with tuberculosis who die during anti-tuberculosis treatment in Andhra Pradesh, South India
Authors
Subbanna Jonnalagada
Anthony D Harries
Rony Zachariah
Srinath Satyanarayana
Shailaja Tetali
G Keshav Chander
Srinivas Rao
Ranganadha Rao
Sundaresh Peri
Raghupathy Anchala
Nanda K Kannuri
Publication date
01-12-2011
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-921

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