Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Psychiatry
Published in: BMC Psychiatry 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Research article

Common stressful life events and difficulties are associated with mental health symptoms and substance use in young adolescents

Authors: Nancy CP Low, Erika Dugas, Erin O’Loughlin, Daniel Rodriguez, Gisele Contreras, Michael Chaiton, Jennifer O’Loughlin

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Stressful life events are associated with mood disorders in adults in clinical settings. Less described in the literature is the association between common life stressors and a wide range of psychopathology in young adolescents. This study uses a large non-clinical sample of young adolescents to describe the associations among worry or stress about common life events/difficulties, mental health and substance use.

Methods

Data on lifetime stress or worry about common life events/difficulties (i.e., romantic breakups, family disruption, interpersonal difficulties, and personal stress (health, weight, school work)), symptoms of depression, conduct disorder symptoms, and substance use were collected from 1025 grade 7 students (mean age 12.9 years; 45% male). The association between each source of stress and each mental health and substance use indicator was modeled in separate logistic regression analyses.

Results

The proportion of adolescents reporting worry or stress ranged from 7% for new family to 53% for schoolwork. Romantic breakup stress was statistically significantly associated with all the mental health and substance use indicators except illicit drug use. Family disruption was statistically significantly associated with depression symptoms, marijuana use, and cigarette use. Interpersonal difficulties stress was statistically significantly associated with depression symptoms. All sources of personal stress were statistically significantly related to depression symptoms. In addition, health-related stress was inversely related to binge drinking.

Conclusion

Young adolescents may benefit from learning positive coping skills to manage worry or stress about common stressors and in particular, worry or stress related to romantic breakups. Appropriate management of mental health symptoms and substance use related to common stressful life events and difficulties may help reduce emerging psychopathology.
Literature
1.
Lewinsohn PM, Rohde P, Seeley JR: Major depressive disorder in older adolescents: prevalence, risk factors, and clinical implications. Clin Psychol Rev. 1998, 18 (7): 765-794. 10.1016/S0272-7358(98)00010-5.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Bukstein OG, Bernet W, Arnold V, Beitchman J, Shaw J, Benson RS, Kinlan J, McClellan J, Stock S, Ptakowski KK: Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with substance use disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005, 44 (6): 609-621.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Jaycox LH, Stein BD, Paddock S, Miles JN, Chandra A, Meredith LS, Tanielian T, Hickey S, Burnam MA: Impact of teen depression on academic, social, and physical functioning. Pediatrics. 2009, 124 (4): e596-e605. 10.1542/peds.2008-3348.CrossRefPubMed
4.
American_Academy_of_Pediatrics: Suicide and suicide attempts in adolescents. Committee on Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2000, 105 (4 Pt 1): 871-874.
5.
Costello EJ, Pine DS, Hammen C, March JS, Plotsky PM, Weissman MM, Biederman J, Goldsmith HH, Kaufman J, Lewinsohn PM, et al: Development and natural history of mood disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 2002, 52 (6): 529-542. 10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01372-0.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Compas BE: Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence. Psychol Bull. 1987, 101 (3): 393-403.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Grant KE, Compas BE, Thurm AE, McMahon SD, Gipson PY, Campbell AJ, Krochock K, Westerholm RI: Stressors and child and adolescent psychopathology: evidence of moderating and mediating effects. Clin Psychol Rev. 2006, 26 (3): 257-283. 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.06.011.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Cisler JM, Begle AM, Amstadter AB, Resnick HS, Danielson CK, Saunders BE, Kilpatrick DG: Exposure to interpersonal violence and risk for PTSD, depression, delinquency, and binge drinking among adolescents: data from the NSA-R. J Trauma Stress. 2012, 25 (1): 33-40. 10.1002/jts.21672.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Trickey D, Siddaway AP, Meiser-Stedman R, Serpell L, Field AP: A meta-analysis of risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Clin Psychol Rev. 2012, 32 (2): 122-138. 10.1016/j.cpr.2011.12.001.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Peters TE, Fritz GK: Psychological considerations of the child with asthma. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2010, 19 (2): 319-333. 10.1016/j.chc.2010.01.006. ixCrossRefPubMed
11.
Tran V, Wiebe DJ, Fortenberry KT, Butler JM, Berg CA: Benefit Finding, Affective Reactions to Diabetes Stress, and Diabetes Management Among Early Adolescents. Heal Psychol. 2011, 30 (2): 212-219.CrossRef
12.
Herrmann M, Scholmerich J, Straub RH: Stress and rheumatic diseases. Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America. 2000, 26 (4): 737+-10.1016/S0889-857X(05)70167-8.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Devanarayana NM, Rajindrajith S, de Silva HJ: Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Children. Indian Pediatr. 2009, 46 (5): 389-399.PubMed
14.
Alfven G, Ostberg V, Hjern A: Stressor, perceived stress and recurrent pain in Swedish schoolchildren. J Psychosom Res. 2008, 65 (4): 381-387. 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.07.004.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Sandin B, Chorot P, Santed MA, Valiente RM, Joiner TE: Negative life events and adolescent suicidal behavior: a critical analysis from the stress process perspective. J Adolesc. 1998, 21 (4): 415-426. 10.1006/jado.1998.0172.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Lawrence DB, Russ SW: Mediating variables between life stress and symptomatology among young adolescents. 1985, Los Angeles, CA: American Psychological Association
17.
Gad MT, Johnson JH: Correlates of Adolescent Life Stress as Related to Race, Ses, and Levels of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology. 1980, 9 (1): 13-16. 10.1080/15374418009532936.CrossRef
18.
Kaplan HB, Robbins C, Martin SS: Antecedents of Psychological Distress in Young-Adults - Self-Rejection, Deprivation of Social Support, and Life Events. J Heal Soc Behav. 1983, 24 (3): 230-244. 10.2307/2136573.CrossRef
19.
Mullins LL, Siegel LJ, Hodges K: Cognitive Problem-Solving and Life Event Correlates of Depressive Symptoms in Children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 1985, 13 (2): 305-314. 10.1007/BF00910650.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Swearingen EM, Cohen LH: Measurement of Adolescents Life Events - the Junior-High Life Experiences Survey. American Journal of Community Psychology. 1985, 13 (1): 69-85. 10.1007/BF00923260.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Thomson B, Vaux A: The Importation, Transmission, and Moderation of Stress in the Family System. American Journal of Community Psychology. 1986, 14 (1): 39-57. 10.1007/BF00923249.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Post RM: Transduction of psychosocial stress into the neurobiology of recurrent affective disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1992, 149 (8): 999-1010.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Adrian C, Hammen C: Stress exposure and stress generation in children of depressed mothers. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1993, 61 (2): 354-359.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Hammen C: Stress and depression. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2005, 1: 293-319. 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143938.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Cohen LH, Burt CE, Bjorck JP: Life Stress and Adjustment - Effects of Life Events Experienced by Young Adolescents and Their Parents. Dev Psychol. 1987, 23 (4): 583-592.CrossRef
26.
Gersten JC, Langner TS, Eisenberg JG, Simcha-Fagan O: An evaluation of the etiologic role of stressful life-change events in psychological disorders. J Health Soc Behav. 1977, 18 (3): 228-244. 10.2307/2136351.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Burt CE, Cohen LH, Bjorck JP: Perceived Family Environment as a Moderator of Young Adolescents Life Stress Adjustment. American Journal of Community Psychology. 1988, 16 (1): 101-122. 10.1007/BF00906074.CrossRefPubMed
28.
DuBois DL, Felner RD, Brand S, Adan AM, Evans EG: A prospective study of life stress, social support, and adaptation in early adolescence. Child Dev. 1992, 63 (3): 542-557. 10.2307/1131345.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Garrison CZ, Jackson KL, Marsteller F, McKeown R, Addy C: A longitudinal study of depressive symptomatology in young adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990, 29 (4): 581-585. 10.1097/00004583-199007000-00011.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Leadbeater BJ, Blatt SJ, Quinlan DM: Gender-linked vulnerabilities to depressive symptoms, stress, and problem behaviors in adolescents. J Res Adolesc. 1995, 5: 1-29. 10.1207/s15327795jra0501_1.CrossRef
31.
Seiffge-Krenke I, Klessinger N: Long term effects of avoidant coping on adolescents’ depressive symptoms. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 2000, 6: 617-630.CrossRef
32.
Ge XJ, Lorenz FO, Conger RD, Elder GH, Simons RL: Trajectories of Stressful Life Events and Depressive Symptoms during Adolescence. Dev Psychol. 1994, 30 (4): 467-483.CrossRef
33.
Ge XJ, Natsuaki MN, Conger RD: Trajectories of depressive symptoms and stressful life events among male and female adolescents in divorced and nondivorced families. Dev Psychopathol. 2006, 18 (1): 253-273.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Furukawa TA, Ogura A, Hirai T, Fujihara S, Kitamura T, Takahashi K: Early parental separation experiences among patients with bipolar disorder and major depression: a case–control study. J Affect Disord. 1999, 52 (1–3): 85-91.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Siegel JM, Brown JD: A Prospective-Study of Stressful Circumstances, Illness Symptoms, and Depressed Mood among Adolescents. Dev Psychol. 1988, 24 (5): 715-721.CrossRef
36.
Seiffge-Krenke I: Stress, coping, and relationships in adolescence. 1995, New Jersey Mahwahv: Lawrence Erlbaum Associate0073
37.
Ministère dlédQ: La carte de la population scolaire et les indices de défavorisation. Bulletin Statistique de l'éducation. 2003, 26: 1-9.
38.
Lazarus RS, Folkman S: Stress, appraisal and coping. 1984, New York: Springer
39.
Deschesnes M, Schaefer C: Style de vie des jeunes du secondaire en Outaouais Tome 1. 1997, Quebec: Hull
40.
Deschesnes M, Schaefer C: Experiences de vie des eleves. 1997, Hull, Quebec: Style de vie des jeunes du secondaire en Outaouais Tome, 1
41.
Jenkins JM, Smith MA: Marital disharmony and children's behaviour problems: aspects of a poor marriage that affect children adversely. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1991, 32 (5): 793-810. 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb01903.x.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Sandler IN, Tein JY, West SG: Coping, stress, and the psychological symptoms of children of divorce: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Child Dev. 1994, 65 (6): 1744-1763. 10.2307/1131291.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Tiet QQ, Bird HR, Hoven CW, Moore R, Wu P, Wicks J, Jensen PS, Goodman S, Cohen P: Relationship between specific adverse life events and psychiatric disorders. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 2001, 29 (2): 153-164. 10.1023/A:1005288130494.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Ahrons CR: Family ties after divorce: Long-term implications for children. Fam Process. 2007, 46 (1): 53-65. 10.1111/j.1545-5300.2006.00191.x.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Pagani L, Boulerice B, Tremblay RE, Vitaro F: Behavioural development in children of divorce and remarriage. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines. 1997, 38 (7): 769-781. 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01595.x.CrossRef
46.
David C, Steele R, Forehand R, Armistead L: The role of family conflict and marital conflict in adolescent functioning. Journal of Family Violence. 1996, 11 (1): 81-91. 10.1007/BF02333341.CrossRef
47.
Natsuaki MN, Biehl MC, Ge XJ: Trajectories of Depressed Mood From Early Adolescence to Young Adulthood: The Effects of Pubertal Timing and Adolescent Dating. J Res Adolesc. 2009, 19 (1): 47-74. 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2009.00581.x.CrossRef
48.
Furman W, Shomaker LB: Patterns of interaction in adolescent romantic relationships: Distinct features and links to other close relationships. J Adolesc. 2008, 31 (6): 771-788. 10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.10.007.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
Davila J: Depressive Symptoms and Adolescent Romance: Theory, Research, and Implications. Child Development Perspectives. 2008, 2 (1): 26-31. 10.1111/j.1750-8606.2008.00037.x.CrossRef
50.
Kandel DB, Davies M: Epidemiology of depressive mood in adolescents: an empirical study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1982, 39 (10): 1205-1212. 10.1001/archpsyc.1982.04290100065011.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Chaiton M, Cohen J, O'Loughlin J, Rehm J: Use of cigarettes to improve affect and depressive symptoms in a longitudinal study of adolescents. Addict Behav. 2010, 35 (12): 1054-1060. 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.07.002.CrossRefPubMed
52.
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 1994, Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Press
53.
Brener ND, Kann L, McManus T, Kinchen SA, Sundberg EC, Ross JG: Reliability of the 1999 youth risk behavior survey questionnaire. J Adolesc Health. 2002, 31 (4): 336-342. 10.1016/S1054-139X(02)00339-7.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Brener ND, Billy JO, Grady WR: Assessment of factors affecting the validity of self-reported health-risk behavior among adolescents: evidence from the scientific literature. J Adolesc Health. 2003, 33 (6): 436-457. 10.1016/S1054-139X(03)00052-1.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Stanton WR, McClelland M, Elwood C, Ferry D, Silva PA: Prevalence, reliability and bias of adolescents' reports of smoking and quitting. Addiction. 1996, 91 (11): 1705-1714. 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1996.tb02273.x.CrossRefPubMed
56.
57.
58.
Donath C, Graessel E, Baier D, Pfeiffer C, Bleich S, Hillemacher T: Predictors of binge drinking in adolescents: ultimate and distal factors - a representative study. BMC Publ Health. 2012, 12 (1): 263-10.1186/1471-2458-12-263.CrossRef
59.
Hahm HC, Kolaczyk E, Jang J, Swenson T, Bhindarwala AM: Binge drinking trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood: the effects of peer social network. Subst Use Misuse. 2012, 47 (6): 745-756. 10.3109/10826084.2012.666313.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
60.
Kuntsche E, Rehm J, Gmel G: Characteristics of binge drinkers in Europe. Soc Sci Med. 2004, 59 (1): 113-127. 10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.10.009.CrossRefPubMed
61.
Miller JW, Naimi TS, Brewer RD, Jones SE: Binge drinking and associated health risk behaviors among high school students. Pediatrics. 2007, 119 (1): 76-85. 10.1542/peds.2006-1517.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Petersen AC, Crockett L, Richards M, Boxer A: A self-report measure of pubertal status: reliability, validity, and initial norms. J Youth Adolescence. 1988, 17: 117-133. 10.1007/BF01537962.CrossRef
63.
Punthakee Z, Delvin EE, O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Levy E, Platt RW, Lambert M: Adiponectin, adiposity, and insulin resistance in children and adolescents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006, 91 (6): 2119-2125. 10.1210/jc.2005-2346.CrossRefPubMed
64.
Lewis CE, J Siegel J, Lewis IL: Feeling bad: Exploring sources of distress among pre-adolescent children. Am J Public Health. 1984, 74: 117-122. 10.2105/AJPH.74.2.117.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
65.
Calvete E, Camara M, Estevez A, Villardon L: The role of coping with social stressors in the development of depressive symptoms: gender differences. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2010, 24: 387-406.CrossRef
66.
Papadakis AA, Prince RP, Jones NP, Strauman TJ: Self-regulation, rumination, and vulnerability to depression in adolescent girls. Dev Psychopathol. 2006, 18 (3): 815-829.CrossRefPubMed
67.
Chen ZY, Guo F, Yang XD, Li XY, Duan Q, Zhang J, Ge XJ: Emotional and Behavioral Effects of Romantic Relationships in Chinese Adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 2009, 38 (10): 1282-1293. 10.1007/s10964-009-9405-0.CrossRefPubMed
68.
Compian L, Gowen LK, Hayward C: Peripubertal girls' romantic and platonic involvement with boys: Associations with body image and depression symptoms. J Res Adolesc. 2004, 14 (1): 23-47. 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2004.01401002.x.CrossRef
69.
Bakker MP, Ormel J, Verhulst FC, Oldehinkel AJ: Peer Stressors and Gender Differences in Adolescents' Mental Health: The TRAILS Study. J Adolesc Heal. 2010, 46 (5): 444-450. 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.10.002.CrossRef
70.
Auerbach R, Bigda-Peyton J, Eberhart N, Webb C, Ho M: Conceptualizing the prospective relationship between social support, stress, and depressive symptoms among adolescents. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2011, 39 (4): 475-487. 10.1007/s10802-010-9479-x.CrossRefPubMed
71.
Reynolds I, Rob MI: The role of family difficulties in adolescent depression, drug-taking and other problem behaviours. Med J Aust. 1988, 149 (5): 250-256.PubMed
72.
Menning CL: Nonresident fathers' involvement and adolescents' smoking. J Health Soc Behav. 2006, 47 (1): 32-46. 10.1177/002214650604700103.CrossRefPubMed
73.
Griesbach D, Amos A, Currie C: Adolescent smoking and family structure in Europe. Soc Sci Med. 2003, 56 (1): 41-52. 10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00014-X.CrossRefPubMed
74.
Boys A, Marsden J, Strang J: Understanding reasons for drug use amongst young people: a functional perspective. Health Educ Res. 2001, 16 (4): 457-469. 10.1093/her/16.4.457.CrossRefPubMed
75.
Hoffmann JP: The effects of family structure and family relations on adolescent marijuana use. Int J Addict. 1995, 30 (10): 1207-1241.CrossRefPubMed
76.
Jeynes WH: The relationship between the consumption of various drugs by adolescents and their academic achievement. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2002, 28 (1): 15-35. 10.1081/ADA-120001279.CrossRefPubMed
77.
Reynolds I, Rob MI: The role of family difficulties in adolescent depression, drug-taking and other problem behaviours. Med J Aust. 1988, 149 (5): 250-256.PubMed
78.
Juliano LM, Fucito LM, Harrell PT: The influence of nicotine dose and nicotine dose expectancy on the cognitive and subjective effects of cigarette smoking. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2011, 19 (2): 105-115.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
79.
Kristjansson AL, Sigfusdottir ID, Allegrante JP, Helgason AR: Parental divorce and adolescent cigarette smoking and alcohol use: assessing the importance of family conflict. Acta Paediatr. 2009, 98 (3): 537-542. 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.01133.x.CrossRefPubMed
80.
Phan KL, Angstadt M, Golden J, Onyewuenyi I, Popovska A, de Wit H: Cannabinoid modulation of amygdala reactivity to social signals of threat in humans. J Neurosci. 2008, 28 (10): 2313-2319. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5603-07.2008.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
81.
Veilleux JC, Kassel JD, Heinz AJ, Braun A, Wardle MC, Greenstein J, Evatt DP, Conrad M: Predictors and sequelae of smoking topography over the course of a single cigarette in adolescent light smokers. J Adolesc Health. 2011, 48 (2): 176-181. 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.06.015.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
82.
Klein DC, Fencil-Morse E, Seligman ME: Learned helplessness, depression, and the attribution of failure. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1976, 33 (5): 508-516.CrossRefPubMed
83.
Xie B, Liu C, Chou C, Xia J, Spruijt-Metz D, Gong J: Weight perception and psychological factors in Chinese adolescents. J Adolesc Heal. 2003, 33: 202-210. 10.1016/S1054-139X(03)00099-5.CrossRef
84.
Ivarsson T, Svalander P, Litlere O, Nevonen L: Weight concerns, body image, depression and anxiety in Swedish adolescents. Eat Behav. 2006, 7 (2): 161-175. 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2005.08.005.CrossRefPubMed
85.
Ali MM, Fang H, Rizzo JA: Body Weight, Self-Perception and Mental Health Outcomes among Adolescents. Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics. 2010, 13 (2): 53-63.PubMed
86.
Purvis D, Robinson E, Merry S, Watson P: Acne, anxiety, depression and suicide in teenagers: a cross-sectional survey of New Zealand secondary school students. J Paediatr Child Health. 2006, 42 (12): 793-796. 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00979.x.CrossRefPubMed
87.
Yousefi F, Mansor MB, Juhari RB, Redzuan MR, Talib MA: The Relationship between Gender, Age, Depression and Academic Achievement. Current Research in Psychology. 2010, 6 (1): 61-66.
88.
Abela JR, Hankin BL: Rumination as a vulnerability factor to depression during the transition from early to middle adolescence: a multiwave longitudinal study. J Abnorm Psychol. 2011, 120 (2): 259-271.CrossRefPubMed
89.
Gottfredson NC, Hussong AM: Parental involvement protects against self-medication behaviors during the high school transition. Addict Behav. 2011, 36 (12): 1246-1252. 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.07.035.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
90.
Grant KE, Compas BE, Stuhlmacher AF, Thurm AE, McMahon SD, Halpert JA: Stressors and child and adolescent psychopathology: moving from markers to mechanisms of risk. Psychol Bull. 2003, 129 (3): 447-466.CrossRefPubMed
91.
Kardum I, Krapic N: Personality traits, stressful life events, and coping styles in early adolescence. Personal Individ Differ. 2001, 30: 503-515. 10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00041-6.CrossRef
92.
Moonzwe LS, Schensul JJ, Kostick KM: The role of MDMA (Ecstasy) in coping with negative life situations among urban young adults. J Psychoactive Drugs. 2011, 43 (3): 199-210. 10.1080/02791072.2011.605671.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
93.
Young JF, Mufson L, Gallop R: Preventing depression: a randomized trial of interpersonal psychotherapy-adolescent skills training. Depress Anxiety. 2010, 27 (5): 426-433. 10.1002/da.20664.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
94.
Adkins DE, Wang V, Elder GH: Structure and Stress: Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms across Adolescence and Young Adulthood. Soc Forces. 2009, 88 (1): 31-10.1353/sof.0.0238.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Common stressful life events and difficulties are associated with mental health symptoms and substance use in young adolescents
Authors
Nancy CP Low
Erika Dugas
Erin O’Loughlin
Daniel Rodriguez
Gisele Contreras
Michael Chaiton
Jennifer O’Loughlin
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-116

Other articles of this Issue 1/2012

BMC Psychiatry 1/2012 Go to the issue

Research article

The effects of a nationwide program to reduce seclusion in the Netherlands

Research article

Prospective in-patient cohort study of moves between levels of therapeutic security: the DUNDRUM-1 triage security, DUNDRUM-3 programme completion and DUNDRUM-4 recovery scales and the HCR-20

Research article

Risk factors for suicide behaviors in the observational schizophrenia outpatient health outcomes (SOHO) study

Research article

Cortico-cerebellar functional connectivity and sequencing of movements in schizophrenia

Research article

A rapid screening tool for psychological distress in children 3–6years old: results of a validation study

Research article

Neurofeedback for the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD: a randomized and controlled clinical trial using parental reports