Top

BMC Ophthalmology

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2004 | Research article

Retinopathy and microalbuminuria in type II diabetic patients

Authors: Masoud R Manaviat, Mohammad Afkhami, Mohammad R Shoja

Published in: BMC Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2004

Abstract

Background

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for the development of retinopathy and microalbuminuria and their correlation in type II diabetic patients.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study 590 patients suffering from diabetis type II were examined. Fundoscopy was performed by practising ophthalmologist. The ratio of urinary albumin to creatinine was assessed by clinitek 100 (Bayer corporation–USA). HbA1C, height and weight also were measured.

Results

The overall prevalence of retinopathy was 39.3% (232 patients), 5.4% of which showed to be prolifrative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The diabetic retinopathy had significant inverse correlation with body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.02). HbA1C was higher in patients with PDR (mean = 10.5%) than in patients with no signs of retinopathy (mean = 9.5%) and this difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 25.9% while 14.5% of the patients revealed to have macroalbuminuria. As expected, diabetic retinopathy and renal involvement were highly positively correlated. (P = 0.001).

Conclusion

Microalbuminuria is associated with diabetic retinopathy in type II diabetic patients and is a reliable marker of retinopathy.

Taylor R, Williams R: Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy: An overview. Diabetic Medicine. 1994, 13: 946-952. 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9136(199611)13:11<946::AID-DIA245>3.3.CO;2-L.CrossRef

Fonseca V, Munshi M, Lawrence M, Bradford JD: Diabetic Retinopathy, a review for the primary care physician. Southern Medical Journal. 1996, 89: 123-126.CrossRef

Marshall SM, Alberti KG: Comparison of the prevalence and associated features of abnormal albumin excretion in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Q J Med. 1989, 70: 61-71.PubMed

Lunetta M, Infantone L, Calogero A, Infantone E: Increased urinary albumin excretion is a marker of risk for retinopathy and coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1998, 40: 45-51. 10.1016/S0168-8227(98)00024-2.CrossRefPubMed

Eggertsen R, Kalm H, Blohme G: The values of screening for retinopathy and microalbuminuria in patients with type II diabetes in primary health care. Scan J Prim Health Care. 1993, 11: 135-140.CrossRef

Liu DP, Molyneaux L, Chua E, Wang YZ, Wu CR, Jing H, Hu LN, Liu YJ, Xu ZR, Yue DK: Retinopathy in a Chinese population with type 2 diabetes: factors affecting the presence of this complication at diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2002, 56: 125-131. 10.1016/S0168-8227(01)00349-7.CrossRefPubMed

Wirta O, Pasternack A, Mustonen J, Laippala P, Lahde Y: Retinopathy is independently related to microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Nephrol. 1999, 51: 329-334.PubMed

Erasmus RT, Oyeyinka G, Arije A: Microalbuminuria in non-insulin-dependent (type 2) Nigerian diabetics: relation to glycaemic control, blood pressure and retinopathy. Postgrad Med J. 1992, 68: 638-42.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Sobngwi E, Mbanya J, Moukouri EN, Ngu KB: Microalbuminuria and retinopathy in a diabetic population of Cameroon. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1999, 44: 191-196. 10.1016/S0168-8227(99)00052-2.CrossRefPubMed

10.

Parving HH, Hommel E, Mathiesen E, Skott P, Edsberg B, Bahnsen M, Lauritzen M, Hougaard P, Lauritzen E: Prevalence of microalbuminuria, arterial hypertension, retinopathy and neuropathy in patients with insulin dependent diabetes. BMJ. 1988, 296: 156-160.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

11.

Kim CH, Kim HK, Park JY, Park HS, Hong SK, Park SW, Lee KU: Association of microalbuminuria and atherosclerotic risk factors in non-diabetic subjects in Korea. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1998, 40: 191-199. 10.1016/S0168-8227(98)00029-1.CrossRefPubMed

12.

Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE: Prevalence of microalbuminuria in older-onset diabetes. Diabetes care. 1993, 16: 1325-1330.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Savage S, Estacio RO, Jeffers B, Schrier RW: Urinary albumin excretion as a predictor of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease in NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1996, 19: 1243-1248.CrossRefPubMed

The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2415/4/9/prepub

Title: Retinopathy and microalbuminuria in type II diabetic patients
Authors: Masoud R Manaviat
Mohammad Afkhami
Mohammad R Shoja
Publication date: 01-12-2004
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Ophthalmology / Issue 1/2004
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2415
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2415-4-9

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Retinopathy and microalbuminuria in type II diabetic patients

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2004

Methods of assessment of patients for Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy that correlate with final visual improvement

Evaluation of the prophylactic use of mitomycin-C to inhibit haze formation after photorefractive keratectomy in high myopia: a prospective clinical study

Comparative evaluation of diode laser versus argon laser photocoagulation in patients with central serous retinopathy: A pilot, randomized controlled trial [ISRCTN84128484]

Lymph node removal enhances corneal graft survival in mice at high risk of rejection

Pupillary anomaly masquerading as a glaucomatous visual field defect: a case report

Corneal topographic changes following retinal surgery