Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2009

Open Access 01-12-2009 | Research article

APRIL is overexpressed in cancer: link with tumor progression

Authors: Jérôme Moreaux, Jean-Luc Veyrune, John De Vos, Bernard Klein

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

BAFF and APRIL share two receptors – TACI and BCMA – and BAFF binds to a third receptor, BAFF-R. Increased expression of BAFF and APRIL is noted in hematological malignancies. BAFF and APRIL are essential for the survival of normal and malignant B lymphocytes, and altered expression of BAFF or APRIL or of their receptors (BCMA, TACI, or BAFF-R) have been reported in various B-cell malignancies including B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia.

Methods

We compared the expression of BAFF, APRIL, TACI and BAFF-R gene expression in 40 human tumor types – brain, epithelial, lymphoid, germ cells – to that of their normal tissue counterparts using publicly available gene expression data, including the Oncomine Cancer Microarray database.

Results

We found significant overexpression of TACI in multiple myeloma and thyroid carcinoma and an association between TACI expression and prognosis in lymphoma. Furthermore, BAFF and APRIL are overexpressed in many cancers and we show that APRIL expression is associated with tumor progression. We also found overexpression of at least one proteoglycan with heparan sulfate chains (HS), which are coreceptors for APRIL and TACI, in tumors where APRIL is either overexpressed or is a prognostic factor. APRIL could induce survival or proliferation directly through HS proteoglycans.

Conclusion

Taken together, these data suggest that APRIL is a potential prognostic factor for a large array of malignancies.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Nardelli B, Belvedere O, Roschke V, Moore PA, Olsen HS, Migone TS, Sosnovtseva S, Carrell JA, Feng P, Giri JG, et al: Synthesis and release of B-lymphocyte stimulator from myeloid cells. Blood. 2001, 97 (1): 198-204. 10.1182/blood.V97.1.198.CrossRefPubMed Nardelli B, Belvedere O, Roschke V, Moore PA, Olsen HS, Migone TS, Sosnovtseva S, Carrell JA, Feng P, Giri JG, et al: Synthesis and release of B-lymphocyte stimulator from myeloid cells. Blood. 2001, 97 (1): 198-204. 10.1182/blood.V97.1.198.CrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Schneider P, MacKay F, Steiner V, Hofmann K, Bodmer JL, Holler N, Ambrose C, Lawton P, Bixler S, Acha-Orbea H, et al: BAFF, a novel ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates B cell growth. J Exp Med. 1999, 189 (11): 1747-1756. 10.1084/jem.189.11.1747.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Schneider P, MacKay F, Steiner V, Hofmann K, Bodmer JL, Holler N, Ambrose C, Lawton P, Bixler S, Acha-Orbea H, et al: BAFF, a novel ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates B cell growth. J Exp Med. 1999, 189 (11): 1747-1756. 10.1084/jem.189.11.1747.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
3.
go back to reference Lopez-Fraga M, Fernandez R, Albar JP, Hahne M: Biologically active APRIL is secreted following intracellular processing in the Golgi apparatus by furin convertase. EMBO Rep. 2001, 2 (10): 945-951. 10.1093/embo-reports/kve198.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lopez-Fraga M, Fernandez R, Albar JP, Hahne M: Biologically active APRIL is secreted following intracellular processing in the Golgi apparatus by furin convertase. EMBO Rep. 2001, 2 (10): 945-951. 10.1093/embo-reports/kve198.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
go back to reference Kolfschoten GM, Pradet-Balade B, Hahne M, Medema JP: TWE-PRIL; a fusion protein of TWEAK and APRIL. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003, 66 (8): 1427-1432. 10.1016/S0006-2952(03)00493-3.CrossRefPubMed Kolfschoten GM, Pradet-Balade B, Hahne M, Medema JP: TWE-PRIL; a fusion protein of TWEAK and APRIL. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003, 66 (8): 1427-1432. 10.1016/S0006-2952(03)00493-3.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Pradet-Balade B, Medema JP, Lopez-Fraga M, Lozano JC, Kolfschoten GM, Picard A, Martinez AC, Garcia-Sanz JA, Hahne M: An endogenous hybrid mRNA encodes TWE-PRIL, a functional cell surface TWEAK-APRIL fusion protein. Embo J. 2002, 21 (21): 5711-5720. 10.1093/emboj/cdf565.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Pradet-Balade B, Medema JP, Lopez-Fraga M, Lozano JC, Kolfschoten GM, Picard A, Martinez AC, Garcia-Sanz JA, Hahne M: An endogenous hybrid mRNA encodes TWE-PRIL, a functional cell surface TWEAK-APRIL fusion protein. Embo J. 2002, 21 (21): 5711-5720. 10.1093/emboj/cdf565.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
go back to reference Avery DT, Kalled SL, Ellyard JI, Ambrose C, Bixler SA, Thien M, Brink R, Mackay F, Hodgkin PD, Tangye SG: BAFF selectively enhances the survival of plasmablasts generated from human memory B cells. J Clin Invest. 2003, 112 (2): 286-297.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Avery DT, Kalled SL, Ellyard JI, Ambrose C, Bixler SA, Thien M, Brink R, Mackay F, Hodgkin PD, Tangye SG: BAFF selectively enhances the survival of plasmablasts generated from human memory B cells. J Clin Invest. 2003, 112 (2): 286-297.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
7.
go back to reference Bossen C, Cachero TG, Tardivel A, Ingold K, Willen L, Dobles M, Scott ML, Maquelin A, Belnoue E, Siegrist CA, et al: TACI, unlike BAFF-R, is solely activated by oligomeric BAFF and APRIL to support survival of activated B cells and plasmablasts. Blood. 2008, 111 (3): 1004-1012. 10.1182/blood-2007-09-110874.CrossRefPubMed Bossen C, Cachero TG, Tardivel A, Ingold K, Willen L, Dobles M, Scott ML, Maquelin A, Belnoue E, Siegrist CA, et al: TACI, unlike BAFF-R, is solely activated by oligomeric BAFF and APRIL to support survival of activated B cells and plasmablasts. Blood. 2008, 111 (3): 1004-1012. 10.1182/blood-2007-09-110874.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Mackay F, Schneider P, Rennert P, Browning J: BAFF AND APRIL: A Tutorial on B Cell Survival. Annu Rev Immunol. 2003, 21: 231-264. 10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141152.CrossRefPubMed Mackay F, Schneider P, Rennert P, Browning J: BAFF AND APRIL: A Tutorial on B Cell Survival. Annu Rev Immunol. 2003, 21: 231-264. 10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141152.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Hahne M, Kataoka T, Schroter M, Hofmann K, Irmler M, Bodmer JL, Schneider P, Bornand T, Holler N, French LE, et al: APRIL, a new ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates tumor cell growth. J Exp Med. 1998, 188 (6): 1185-1190. 10.1084/jem.188.6.1185.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hahne M, Kataoka T, Schroter M, Hofmann K, Irmler M, Bodmer JL, Schneider P, Bornand T, Holler N, French LE, et al: APRIL, a new ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates tumor cell growth. J Exp Med. 1998, 188 (6): 1185-1190. 10.1084/jem.188.6.1185.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
10.
go back to reference Belnoue E, Pihlgren M, McGaha TL, Tougne C, Rochat AF, Bossen C, Schneider P, Huard B, Lambert PH, Siegrist CA: APRIL is critical for plasmablast survival in the bone marrow and poorly expressed by early life bone marrow stromal cells. Blood. 2008, 111 (5): 2755-2764. 10.1182/blood-2007-09-110858.CrossRefPubMed Belnoue E, Pihlgren M, McGaha TL, Tougne C, Rochat AF, Bossen C, Schneider P, Huard B, Lambert PH, Siegrist CA: APRIL is critical for plasmablast survival in the bone marrow and poorly expressed by early life bone marrow stromal cells. Blood. 2008, 111 (5): 2755-2764. 10.1182/blood-2007-09-110858.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Huard B, McKee T, Bosshard C, Durual S, Matthes T, Myit S, Donze O, Frossard C, Chizzolini C, Favre C, et al: APRIL secreted by neutrophils binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans to create plasma cell niches in human mucosa. J Clin Invest. 2008, 118 (8): 2887-2895.PubMedPubMedCentral Huard B, McKee T, Bosshard C, Durual S, Matthes T, Myit S, Donze O, Frossard C, Chizzolini C, Favre C, et al: APRIL secreted by neutrophils binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans to create plasma cell niches in human mucosa. J Clin Invest. 2008, 118 (8): 2887-2895.PubMedPubMedCentral
12.
go back to reference Briones J, Timmerman JM, Hilbert DM, Levy R: BLyS and BLyS receptor expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Exp Hematol. 2002, 30 (2): 135-141. 10.1016/S0301-472X(01)00774-3.CrossRefPubMed Briones J, Timmerman JM, Hilbert DM, Levy R: BLyS and BLyS receptor expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Exp Hematol. 2002, 30 (2): 135-141. 10.1016/S0301-472X(01)00774-3.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Fu L, Lin-Lee YC, Pham LV, Tamayo A, Yoshimura L, Ford RJ: Constitutive NF-kappaB and NFAT activation leads to stimulation of the BLyS survival pathway in aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Blood. 2006, 107 (11): 4540-4548. 10.1182/blood-2005-10-4042.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Fu L, Lin-Lee YC, Pham LV, Tamayo A, Yoshimura L, Ford RJ: Constitutive NF-kappaB and NFAT activation leads to stimulation of the BLyS survival pathway in aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Blood. 2006, 107 (11): 4540-4548. 10.1182/blood-2005-10-4042.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
go back to reference He B, Chadburn A, Jou E, Schattner EJ, Knowles DM, Cerutti A: Lymphoma B cells evade apoptosis through the TNF family members BAFF/BLyS and APRIL. J Immunol. 2004, 172 (5): 3268-3279.CrossRefPubMed He B, Chadburn A, Jou E, Schattner EJ, Knowles DM, Cerutti A: Lymphoma B cells evade apoptosis through the TNF family members BAFF/BLyS and APRIL. J Immunol. 2004, 172 (5): 3268-3279.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Novak AJ, Grote DM, Stenson M, Ziesmer SC, Witzig TE, Habermann TM, Harder B, Ristow KM, Bram RJ, Jelinek DF, et al: Expression of BLyS and Its Receptors in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Correlation With Disease Activity and Patient Outcome. Blood. 2004, 104 (8): 2247-2253. 10.1182/blood-2004-02-0762.CrossRefPubMed Novak AJ, Grote DM, Stenson M, Ziesmer SC, Witzig TE, Habermann TM, Harder B, Ristow KM, Bram RJ, Jelinek DF, et al: Expression of BLyS and Its Receptors in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Correlation With Disease Activity and Patient Outcome. Blood. 2004, 104 (8): 2247-2253. 10.1182/blood-2004-02-0762.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Schwaller J, Schneider P, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, McKee T, Myit S, Matthes T, Tschopp J, Donze O, Le Gal FA, Huard B: Neutrophil-derived APRIL concentrated in tumor lesions by proteoglycans correlates with human B-cell lymphoma aggressiveness. Blood. 2007, 109 (1): 331-338. 10.1182/blood-2006-02-001800.CrossRefPubMed Schwaller J, Schneider P, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, McKee T, Myit S, Matthes T, Tschopp J, Donze O, Le Gal FA, Huard B: Neutrophil-derived APRIL concentrated in tumor lesions by proteoglycans correlates with human B-cell lymphoma aggressiveness. Blood. 2007, 109 (1): 331-338. 10.1182/blood-2006-02-001800.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Chiu A, Xu W, He B, Dillon SR, Gross JA, Sievers E, Qiao X, Santini P, Hyjek E, Lee JW, et al: Hodgkin lymphoma cells express TACI and BCMA receptors and generate survival and proliferation signals in response to BAFF and APRIL. Blood. 2007, 109 (2): 729-739. 10.1182/blood-2006-04-015958.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chiu A, Xu W, He B, Dillon SR, Gross JA, Sievers E, Qiao X, Santini P, Hyjek E, Lee JW, et al: Hodgkin lymphoma cells express TACI and BCMA receptors and generate survival and proliferation signals in response to BAFF and APRIL. Blood. 2007, 109 (2): 729-739. 10.1182/blood-2006-04-015958.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
go back to reference Kern C, Cornuel JF, Billard C, Tang R, Rouillard D, Stenou V, Defrance T, Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista F, Simonin PY, Feldblum S, et al: Involvement of BAFF and APRIL in the resistance to apoptosis of B-CLL through an autocrine pathway. Blood. 2004, 103 (2): 679-688. 10.1182/blood-2003-02-0540.CrossRefPubMed Kern C, Cornuel JF, Billard C, Tang R, Rouillard D, Stenou V, Defrance T, Ajchenbaum-Cymbalista F, Simonin PY, Feldblum S, et al: Involvement of BAFF and APRIL in the resistance to apoptosis of B-CLL through an autocrine pathway. Blood. 2004, 103 (2): 679-688. 10.1182/blood-2003-02-0540.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Novak AJ, Bram RJ, Kay NE, Jelinek DF: Aberrant expression of B-lymphocyte stimulator by B chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells: a mechanism for survival. Blood. 2002, 100 (8): 2973-2979. 10.1182/blood-2002-02-0558.CrossRefPubMed Novak AJ, Bram RJ, Kay NE, Jelinek DF: Aberrant expression of B-lymphocyte stimulator by B chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells: a mechanism for survival. Blood. 2002, 100 (8): 2973-2979. 10.1182/blood-2002-02-0558.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Moreaux J, Cremer FW, Reme T, Raab M, Mahtouk K, Kaukel P, Pantesco V, De Vos J, Jourdan E, Jauch A, et al: The level of TACI gene expression in myeloma cells is associated with a signature of microenvironment dependence versus a plasmablastic signature. Blood. 2005, 106 (3): 1021-1030. 10.1182/blood-2004-11-4512.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Moreaux J, Cremer FW, Reme T, Raab M, Mahtouk K, Kaukel P, Pantesco V, De Vos J, Jourdan E, Jauch A, et al: The level of TACI gene expression in myeloma cells is associated with a signature of microenvironment dependence versus a plasmablastic signature. Blood. 2005, 106 (3): 1021-1030. 10.1182/blood-2004-11-4512.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
go back to reference Moreaux J, Hose D, Jourdan M, Reme T, Hundemer M, Moos M, Robert N, Moine P, De Vos J, Goldschmidt H, et al: TACI expression is associated with a mature bone marrow plasma cell signature and C-MAF overexpression in human myeloma cell lines. Haematologica. 2007, 92 (6): 803-811. 10.3324/haematol.10574.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Moreaux J, Hose D, Jourdan M, Reme T, Hundemer M, Moos M, Robert N, Moine P, De Vos J, Goldschmidt H, et al: TACI expression is associated with a mature bone marrow plasma cell signature and C-MAF overexpression in human myeloma cell lines. Haematologica. 2007, 92 (6): 803-811. 10.3324/haematol.10574.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
22.
go back to reference Moreaux J, Legouffe E, Jourdan E, Quittet P, Reme T, Lugagne C, Moine P, Rossi JF, Klein B, Tarte K: BAFF and APRIL protect myeloma cells from apoptosis induced by interleukin 6 deprivation and dexamethasone. Blood. 2004, 103 (8): 3148-3157. 10.1182/blood-2003-06-1984.CrossRefPubMed Moreaux J, Legouffe E, Jourdan E, Quittet P, Reme T, Lugagne C, Moine P, Rossi JF, Klein B, Tarte K: BAFF and APRIL protect myeloma cells from apoptosis induced by interleukin 6 deprivation and dexamethasone. Blood. 2004, 103 (8): 3148-3157. 10.1182/blood-2003-06-1984.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Novak AJ, Darce JR, Arendt BK, Harder B, Henderson K, Kindsvogel W, Gross JA, Greipp PR, Jelinek DF: Expression of BCMA, TACI, and BAFF-R in multiple myeloma: a mechanism for growth and survival. Blood. 2004, 103 (2): 689-694. 10.1182/blood-2003-06-2043.CrossRefPubMed Novak AJ, Darce JR, Arendt BK, Harder B, Henderson K, Kindsvogel W, Gross JA, Greipp PR, Jelinek DF: Expression of BCMA, TACI, and BAFF-R in multiple myeloma: a mechanism for growth and survival. Blood. 2004, 103 (2): 689-694. 10.1182/blood-2003-06-2043.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Yaccoby S, Pennisi A, Li X, Dillon SR, Zhan F, Barlogie B, Shaughnessy JD: Atacicept (TACI-Ig) inhibits growth of TACI(high) primary myeloma cells in SCID-hu mice and in coculture with osteoclasts. Leukemia. 2008, 22 (2): 406-413. 10.1038/sj.leu.2405048.CrossRefPubMed Yaccoby S, Pennisi A, Li X, Dillon SR, Zhan F, Barlogie B, Shaughnessy JD: Atacicept (TACI-Ig) inhibits growth of TACI(high) primary myeloma cells in SCID-hu mice and in coculture with osteoclasts. Leukemia. 2008, 22 (2): 406-413. 10.1038/sj.leu.2405048.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Elsawa SF, Novak AJ, Grote DM, Ziesmer SC, Witzig TE, Kyle RA, Dillon SR, Harder B, Gross JA, Ansell SM: B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) stimulates immunoglobulin production and malignant B-cell growth in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood. 2006, 107 (7): 2882-2888. 10.1182/blood-2005-09-3552.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Elsawa SF, Novak AJ, Grote DM, Ziesmer SC, Witzig TE, Kyle RA, Dillon SR, Harder B, Gross JA, Ansell SM: B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) stimulates immunoglobulin production and malignant B-cell growth in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood. 2006, 107 (7): 2882-2888. 10.1182/blood-2005-09-3552.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
26.
go back to reference Hendriks J, Planelles L, de Jong-Odding J, Hardenberg G, Pals ST, Hahne M, Spaargaren M, Medema JP: Heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding promotes APRIL-induced tumor cell proliferation. Cell Death Differ. 2005, 12 (6): 637-648. 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401647.CrossRefPubMed Hendriks J, Planelles L, de Jong-Odding J, Hardenberg G, Pals ST, Hahne M, Spaargaren M, Medema JP: Heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding promotes APRIL-induced tumor cell proliferation. Cell Death Differ. 2005, 12 (6): 637-648. 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401647.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Ingold K, Zumsteg A, Tardivel A, Huard B, Steiner QG, Cachero TG, Qiang F, Gorelik L, Kalled SL, Acha-Orbea H, et al: Identification of proteoglycans as the APRIL-specific binding partners. J Exp Med. 2005, 201 (9): 1375-1383. 10.1084/jem.20042309.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ingold K, Zumsteg A, Tardivel A, Huard B, Steiner QG, Cachero TG, Qiang F, Gorelik L, Kalled SL, Acha-Orbea H, et al: Identification of proteoglycans as the APRIL-specific binding partners. J Exp Med. 2005, 201 (9): 1375-1383. 10.1084/jem.20042309.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
28.
go back to reference Rennert P, Schneider P, Cachero TG, Thompson J, Trabach L, Hertig S, Holler N, Qian F, Mullen C, Strauch K, et al: A soluble form of B cell maturation antigen, a receptor for the tumor necrosis factor family member APRIL, inhibits tumor cell growth. J Exp Med. 2000, 192 (11): 1677-1684. 10.1084/jem.192.11.1677.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Rennert P, Schneider P, Cachero TG, Thompson J, Trabach L, Hertig S, Holler N, Qian F, Mullen C, Strauch K, et al: A soluble form of B cell maturation antigen, a receptor for the tumor necrosis factor family member APRIL, inhibits tumor cell growth. J Exp Med. 2000, 192 (11): 1677-1684. 10.1084/jem.192.11.1677.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
29.
go back to reference Bischof D, Elsawa SF, Mantchev G, Yoon J, Michels GE, Nilson A, Sutor SL, Platt JL, Ansell SM, von Bulow G, et al: Selective activation of TACI by syndecan-2. Blood. 2006, 107 (8): 3235-3242. 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0256.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bischof D, Elsawa SF, Mantchev G, Yoon J, Michels GE, Nilson A, Sutor SL, Platt JL, Ansell SM, von Bulow G, et al: Selective activation of TACI by syndecan-2. Blood. 2006, 107 (8): 3235-3242. 10.1182/blood-2005-01-0256.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
go back to reference Rhodes DR, Yu J, Shanker K, Deshpande N, Varambally R, Ghosh D, Barrette T, Pandey A, Chinnaiyan AM: Large-scale meta-analysis of cancer microarray data identifies common transcriptional profiles of neoplastic transformation and progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004, 101 (25): 9309-9314. 10.1073/pnas.0401994101.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Rhodes DR, Yu J, Shanker K, Deshpande N, Varambally R, Ghosh D, Barrette T, Pandey A, Chinnaiyan AM: Large-scale meta-analysis of cancer microarray data identifies common transcriptional profiles of neoplastic transformation and progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004, 101 (25): 9309-9314. 10.1073/pnas.0401994101.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
go back to reference Assou S, Le Carrour T, Tondeur S, Strom S, Gabelle A, Marty S, Nadal L, Pantesco V, Reme T, Hugnot JP, et al: A meta-analysis of human embryonic stem cells transcriptome integrated into a web-based expression atlas. Stem Cells. 2007, 25 (4): 961-973. 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0352.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Assou S, Le Carrour T, Tondeur S, Strom S, Gabelle A, Marty S, Nadal L, Pantesco V, Reme T, Hugnot JP, et al: A meta-analysis of human embryonic stem cells transcriptome integrated into a web-based expression atlas. Stem Cells. 2007, 25 (4): 961-973. 10.1634/stemcells.2006-0352.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
go back to reference Rhodes DR, Yu J, Shanker K, Deshpande N, Varambally R, Ghosh D, Barrette T, Pandey A, Chinnaiyan AM: ONCOMINE: a cancer microarray database and integrated data-mining platform. Neoplasia (New York, NY). 2004, 6 (1): 1-6.CrossRef Rhodes DR, Yu J, Shanker K, Deshpande N, Varambally R, Ghosh D, Barrette T, Pandey A, Chinnaiyan AM: ONCOMINE: a cancer microarray database and integrated data-mining platform. Neoplasia (New York, NY). 2004, 6 (1): 1-6.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Brune V, Tiacci E, Pfeil I, Doring C, Eckerle S, van Noesel CJ, Klapper W, Falini B, von Heydebreck A, Metzler D, et al: Origin and pathogenesis of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma as revealed by global gene expression analysis. J Exp Med. 2008, 205 (10): 2251-2268. 10.1084/jem.20080809.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Brune V, Tiacci E, Pfeil I, Doring C, Eckerle S, van Noesel CJ, Klapper W, Falini B, von Heydebreck A, Metzler D, et al: Origin and pathogenesis of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma as revealed by global gene expression analysis. J Exp Med. 2008, 205 (10): 2251-2268. 10.1084/jem.20080809.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
go back to reference Bredel M, Bredel C, Juric D, Harsh GR, Vogel H, Recht LD, Sikic BI: Functional network analysis reveals extended gliomagenesis pathway maps and three novel MYC-interacting genes in human gliomas. Cancer Res. 2005, 65 (19): 8679-8689. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1204.CrossRefPubMed Bredel M, Bredel C, Juric D, Harsh GR, Vogel H, Recht LD, Sikic BI: Functional network analysis reveals extended gliomagenesis pathway maps and three novel MYC-interacting genes in human gliomas. Cancer Res. 2005, 65 (19): 8679-8689. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1204.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference French PJ, Swagemakers SM, Nagel JH, Kouwenhoven MC, Brouwer E, Spek van der P, Luider TM, Kros JM, Bent van den MJ, Sillevis Smitt PA: Gene expression profiles associated with treatment response in oligodendrogliomas. Cancer Res. 2005, 65 (24): 11335-11344. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1886.CrossRefPubMed French PJ, Swagemakers SM, Nagel JH, Kouwenhoven MC, Brouwer E, Spek van der P, Luider TM, Kros JM, Bent van den MJ, Sillevis Smitt PA: Gene expression profiles associated with treatment response in oligodendrogliomas. Cancer Res. 2005, 65 (24): 11335-11344. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1886.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Sun L, Hui AM, Su Q, Vortmeyer A, Kotliarov Y, Pastorino S, Passaniti A, Menon J, Walling J, Bailey R, et al: Neuronal and glioma-derived stem cell factor induces angiogenesis within the brain. Cancer Cell. 2006, 9 (4): 287-300. 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.03.003.CrossRefPubMed Sun L, Hui AM, Su Q, Vortmeyer A, Kotliarov Y, Pastorino S, Passaniti A, Menon J, Walling J, Bailey R, et al: Neuronal and glioma-derived stem cell factor induces angiogenesis within the brain. Cancer Cell. 2006, 9 (4): 287-300. 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.03.003.CrossRefPubMed
37.
go back to reference Liang Y, Diehn M, Watson N, Bollen AW, Aldape KD, Nicholas MK, Lamborn KR, Berger MS, Botstein D, Brown PO, et al: Gene expression profiling reveals molecularly and clinically distinct subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005, 102 (16): 5814-5819. 10.1073/pnas.0402870102.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Liang Y, Diehn M, Watson N, Bollen AW, Aldape KD, Nicholas MK, Lamborn KR, Berger MS, Botstein D, Brown PO, et al: Gene expression profiling reveals molecularly and clinically distinct subtypes of glioblastoma multiforme. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005, 102 (16): 5814-5819. 10.1073/pnas.0402870102.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
go back to reference Krumbholz M, Theil D, Derfuss T, Rosenwald A, Schrader F, Monoranu CM, Kalled SL, Hess DM, Serafini B, Aloisi F, et al: BAFF is produced by astrocytes and up-regulated in multiple sclerosis lesions and primary central nervous system lymphoma. J Exp Med. 2005, 201 (2): 195-200. 10.1084/jem.20041674.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Krumbholz M, Theil D, Derfuss T, Rosenwald A, Schrader F, Monoranu CM, Kalled SL, Hess DM, Serafini B, Aloisi F, et al: BAFF is produced by astrocytes and up-regulated in multiple sclerosis lesions and primary central nervous system lymphoma. J Exp Med. 2005, 201 (2): 195-200. 10.1084/jem.20041674.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
go back to reference Tschen SI, Stohlman SA, Ramakrishna C, Hinton DR, Atkinson RD, Bergmann CC: CNS viral infection diverts homing of antibody-secreting cells from lymphoid organs to the CNS. Eur J Immunol. 2006, 36 (3): 603-612. 10.1002/eji.200535123.CrossRefPubMed Tschen SI, Stohlman SA, Ramakrishna C, Hinton DR, Atkinson RD, Bergmann CC: CNS viral infection diverts homing of antibody-secreting cells from lymphoid organs to the CNS. Eur J Immunol. 2006, 36 (3): 603-612. 10.1002/eji.200535123.CrossRefPubMed
40.
go back to reference Richardson AL, Wang ZC, De Nicolo A, Lu X, Brown M, Miron A, Liao X, Iglehart JD, Livingston DM, Ganesan S: X chromosomal abnormalities in basal-like human breast cancer. Cancer Cell. 2006, 9 (2): 121-132. 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.01.013.CrossRefPubMed Richardson AL, Wang ZC, De Nicolo A, Lu X, Brown M, Miron A, Liao X, Iglehart JD, Livingston DM, Ganesan S: X chromosomal abnormalities in basal-like human breast cancer. Cancer Cell. 2006, 9 (2): 121-132. 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.01.013.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Hao Y, Triadafilopoulos G, Sahbaie P, Young HS, Omary MB, Lowe AW: Gene expression profiling reveals stromal genes expressed in common between Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2006, 131 (3): 925-933. 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.04.026.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hao Y, Triadafilopoulos G, Sahbaie P, Young HS, Omary MB, Lowe AW: Gene expression profiling reveals stromal genes expressed in common between Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2006, 131 (3): 925-933. 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.04.026.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
42.
go back to reference Lenburg ME, Liou LS, Gerry NP, Frampton GM, Cohen HT, Christman MF: Previously unidentified changes in renal cell carcinoma gene expression identified by parametric analysis of microarray data. BMC cancer. 2003, 3: 31-10.1186/1471-2407-3-31.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lenburg ME, Liou LS, Gerry NP, Frampton GM, Cohen HT, Christman MF: Previously unidentified changes in renal cell carcinoma gene expression identified by parametric analysis of microarray data. BMC cancer. 2003, 3: 31-10.1186/1471-2407-3-31.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
43.
go back to reference Korkola JE, Houldsworth J, Chadalavada RS, Olshen AB, Dobrzynski D, Reuter VE, Bosl GJ, Chaganti RS: Down-regulation of stem cell genes, including those in a 200-kb gene cluster at 12p13.31, is associated with in vivo differentiation of human male germ cell tumors. Cancer Res. 2006, 66 (2): 820-827. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2445.CrossRefPubMed Korkola JE, Houldsworth J, Chadalavada RS, Olshen AB, Dobrzynski D, Reuter VE, Bosl GJ, Chaganti RS: Down-regulation of stem cell genes, including those in a 200-kb gene cluster at 12p13.31, is associated with in vivo differentiation of human male germ cell tumors. Cancer Res. 2006, 66 (2): 820-827. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-2445.CrossRefPubMed
44.
go back to reference Blaveri E, Simko JP, Korkola JE, Brewer JL, Baehner F, Mehta K, Devries S, Koppie T, Pejavar S, Carroll P, et al: Bladder cancer outcome and subtype classification by gene expression. Clin Cancer Res. 2005, 11 (11): 4044-4055. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2409.CrossRefPubMed Blaveri E, Simko JP, Korkola JE, Brewer JL, Baehner F, Mehta K, Devries S, Koppie T, Pejavar S, Carroll P, et al: Bladder cancer outcome and subtype classification by gene expression. Clin Cancer Res. 2005, 11 (11): 4044-4055. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2409.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Sanchez-Carbayo M, Socci ND, Lozano J, Saint F, Cordon-Cardo C: Defining molecular profiles of poor outcome in patients with invasive bladder cancer using oligonucleotide microarrays. J Clin Oncol. 2006, 24 (5): 778-789. 10.1200/JCO.2005.03.2375.CrossRefPubMed Sanchez-Carbayo M, Socci ND, Lozano J, Saint F, Cordon-Cardo C: Defining molecular profiles of poor outcome in patients with invasive bladder cancer using oligonucleotide microarrays. J Clin Oncol. 2006, 24 (5): 778-789. 10.1200/JCO.2005.03.2375.CrossRefPubMed
46.
go back to reference Kimchi ET, Posner MC, Park JO, Darga TE, Kocherginsky M, Karrison T, Hart J, Smith KD, Mezhir JJ, Weichselbaum RR, et al: Progression of Barrett's metaplasia to adenocarcinoma is associated with the suppression of the transcriptional programs of epidermal differentiation. Cancer Res. 2005, 65 (8): 3146-3154.PubMed Kimchi ET, Posner MC, Park JO, Darga TE, Kocherginsky M, Karrison T, Hart J, Smith KD, Mezhir JJ, Weichselbaum RR, et al: Progression of Barrett's metaplasia to adenocarcinoma is associated with the suppression of the transcriptional programs of epidermal differentiation. Cancer Res. 2005, 65 (8): 3146-3154.PubMed
47.
go back to reference Ginos MA, Page GP, Michalowicz BS, Patel KJ, Volker SE, Pambuccian SE, Ondrey FG, Adams GL, Gaffney PM: Identification of a gene expression signature associated with recurrent disease in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Res. 2004, 64 (1): 55-63. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-2144.CrossRefPubMed Ginos MA, Page GP, Michalowicz BS, Patel KJ, Volker SE, Pambuccian SE, Ondrey FG, Adams GL, Gaffney PM: Identification of a gene expression signature associated with recurrent disease in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Res. 2004, 64 (1): 55-63. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-2144.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Toruner GA, Ulger C, Alkan M, Galante AT, Rinaggio J, Wilk R, Tian B, Soteropoulos P, Hameed MR, Schwalb MN, et al: Association between gene expression profile and tumor invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer genetics and cytogenetics. 2004, 154 (1): 27-35. 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2004.01.026.CrossRefPubMed Toruner GA, Ulger C, Alkan M, Galante AT, Rinaggio J, Wilk R, Tian B, Soteropoulos P, Hameed MR, Schwalb MN, et al: Association between gene expression profile and tumor invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer genetics and cytogenetics. 2004, 154 (1): 27-35. 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2004.01.026.CrossRefPubMed
49.
go back to reference Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE, Ma C, Lossos IS, Rosenwald A, Boldrick JC, Sabet H, Tran T, Yu X, et al: Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature. 2000, 403 (6769): 503-511. 10.1038/35000501.CrossRefPubMed Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE, Ma C, Lossos IS, Rosenwald A, Boldrick JC, Sabet H, Tran T, Yu X, et al: Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature. 2000, 403 (6769): 503-511. 10.1038/35000501.CrossRefPubMed
50.
go back to reference Rosenwald A, Wright G, Chan WC, Connors JM, Campo E, Fisher RI, Gascoyne RD, Muller-Hermelink HK, Smeland EB, Giltnane JM, et al: The use of molecular profiling to predict survival after chemotherapy for diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2002, 346 (25): 1937-1947. 10.1056/NEJMoa012914.CrossRefPubMed Rosenwald A, Wright G, Chan WC, Connors JM, Campo E, Fisher RI, Gascoyne RD, Muller-Hermelink HK, Smeland EB, Giltnane JM, et al: The use of molecular profiling to predict survival after chemotherapy for diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2002, 346 (25): 1937-1947. 10.1056/NEJMoa012914.CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Maitra A, Olsen M, Lowe AW, van Heek NT, Rosty C, Walter K, Sato N, Parker A, Ashfaq R, et al: Exploration of global gene expression patterns in pancreatic adenocarcinoma using cDNA microarrays. Am J Pathol. 2003, 162 (4): 1151-1162.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Maitra A, Olsen M, Lowe AW, van Heek NT, Rosty C, Walter K, Sato N, Parker A, Ashfaq R, et al: Exploration of global gene expression patterns in pancreatic adenocarcinoma using cDNA microarrays. Am J Pathol. 2003, 162 (4): 1151-1162.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
52.
go back to reference Freije WA, Castro-Vargas FE, Fang Z, Horvath S, Cloughesy T, Liau LM, Mischel PS, Nelson SF: Gene expression profiling of gliomas strongly predicts survival. Cancer Res. 2004, 64 (18): 6503-6510. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0452.CrossRefPubMed Freije WA, Castro-Vargas FE, Fang Z, Horvath S, Cloughesy T, Liau LM, Mischel PS, Nelson SF: Gene expression profiling of gliomas strongly predicts survival. Cancer Res. 2004, 64 (18): 6503-6510. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-0452.CrossRefPubMed
53.
go back to reference Modlich O, Prisack HB, Pitschke G, Ramp U, Ackermann R, Bojar H, Vogeli TA, Grimm MO: Identifying superficial, muscle-invasive, and metastasizing transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: use of cDNA array analysis of gene expression profiles. Clin Cancer Res. 2004, 10 (10): 3410-3421. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0134.CrossRefPubMed Modlich O, Prisack HB, Pitschke G, Ramp U, Ackermann R, Bojar H, Vogeli TA, Grimm MO: Identifying superficial, muscle-invasive, and metastasizing transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: use of cDNA array analysis of gene expression profiles. Clin Cancer Res. 2004, 10 (10): 3410-3421. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-03-0134.CrossRefPubMed
54.
go back to reference Farmer P, Bonnefoi H, Becette V, Tubiana-Hulin M, Fumoleau P, Larsimont D, Macgrogan G, Bergh J, Cameron D, Goldstein D, et al: Identification of molecular apocrine breast tumours by microarray analysis. Oncogene. 2005, 24 (29): 4660-4671. 10.1038/sj.onc.1208561.CrossRefPubMed Farmer P, Bonnefoi H, Becette V, Tubiana-Hulin M, Fumoleau P, Larsimont D, Macgrogan G, Bergh J, Cameron D, Goldstein D, et al: Identification of molecular apocrine breast tumours by microarray analysis. Oncogene. 2005, 24 (29): 4660-4671. 10.1038/sj.onc.1208561.CrossRefPubMed
55.
go back to reference Ginestier C, Cervera N, Finetti P, Esteyries S, Esterni B, Adelaide J, Xerri L, Viens P, Jacquemier J, Charafe-Jauffret E, et al: Prognosis and gene expression profiling of 20q13-amplified breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res. 2006, 12 (15): 4533-4544. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2339.CrossRefPubMed Ginestier C, Cervera N, Finetti P, Esteyries S, Esterni B, Adelaide J, Xerri L, Viens P, Jacquemier J, Charafe-Jauffret E, et al: Prognosis and gene expression profiling of 20q13-amplified breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res. 2006, 12 (15): 4533-4544. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2339.CrossRefPubMed
56.
go back to reference Bachtiary B, Boutros PC, Pintilie M, Shi W, Bastianutto C, Li JH, Schwock J, Zhang W, Penn LZ, Jurisica I, et al: Gene expression profiling in cervical cancer: an exploration of intratumor heterogeneity. Clin Cancer Res. 2006, 12 (19): 5632-5640. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0357.CrossRefPubMed Bachtiary B, Boutros PC, Pintilie M, Shi W, Bastianutto C, Li JH, Schwock J, Zhang W, Penn LZ, Jurisica I, et al: Gene expression profiling in cervical cancer: an exploration of intratumor heterogeneity. Clin Cancer Res. 2006, 12 (19): 5632-5640. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-06-0357.CrossRefPubMed
57.
go back to reference Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Kaya G, Sauter G, McKee T, Donze O, Schwaller J, Huard B: The source of APRIL up-regulation in human solid tumor lesions. J Leukoc Biol. 2006, 80 (4): 697-704. 10.1189/jlb.1105655.CrossRefPubMed Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Kaya G, Sauter G, McKee T, Donze O, Schwaller J, Huard B: The source of APRIL up-regulation in human solid tumor lesions. J Leukoc Biol. 2006, 80 (4): 697-704. 10.1189/jlb.1105655.CrossRefPubMed
58.
go back to reference Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Allal A, Odunsi K, Andrews C, Herrmann FR, Huard B: Role of the tumour necrosis family ligand APRIL in solid tumour development: Retrospective studies in bladder, ovarian and head and neck carcinomas. Eur J Cancer. 2008, 44 (15): 2097-2100. 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.07.007.CrossRefPubMed Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Allal A, Odunsi K, Andrews C, Herrmann FR, Huard B: Role of the tumour necrosis family ligand APRIL in solid tumour development: Retrospective studies in bladder, ovarian and head and neck carcinomas. Eur J Cancer. 2008, 44 (15): 2097-2100. 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.07.007.CrossRefPubMed
59.
go back to reference Moreaux J, Sprynski A-C, Mahtouk K, Moine P, Robert N, Rossi J-F, Klein B: Binding of TACI and APRIL to Syndecan-1 Confer on Them a Major Role in Multiple Myeloma. ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 2007, 110 (11): 3522- Moreaux J, Sprynski A-C, Mahtouk K, Moine P, Robert N, Rossi J-F, Klein B: Binding of TACI and APRIL to Syndecan-1 Confer on Them a Major Role in Multiple Myeloma. ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 2007, 110 (11): 3522-
60.
go back to reference Zhan F, Barlogie B, Arzoumanian V, Huang Y, Williams DR, Hollmig K, Pineda-Roman M, Tricot G, van Rhee F, Zangari M, et al: Gene-expression signature of benign monoclonal gammopathy evident in multiple myeloma is linked to good prognosis. Blood. 2007, 109 (4): 1692-1700. 10.1182/blood-2006-07-037077.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Zhan F, Barlogie B, Arzoumanian V, Huang Y, Williams DR, Hollmig K, Pineda-Roman M, Tricot G, van Rhee F, Zangari M, et al: Gene-expression signature of benign monoclonal gammopathy evident in multiple myeloma is linked to good prognosis. Blood. 2007, 109 (4): 1692-1700. 10.1182/blood-2006-07-037077.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
61.
go back to reference Huang Y, Prasad M, Lemon WJ, Hampel H, Wright FA, Kornacker K, LiVolsi V, Frankel W, Kloos RT, Eng C, et al: Gene expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma reveals highly consistent profiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001, 98 (26): 15044-15049. 10.1073/pnas.251547398.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Huang Y, Prasad M, Lemon WJ, Hampel H, Wright FA, Kornacker K, LiVolsi V, Frankel W, Kloos RT, Eng C, et al: Gene expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma reveals highly consistent profiles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001, 98 (26): 15044-15049. 10.1073/pnas.251547398.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
62.
go back to reference Dave SS, Fu K, Wright GW, Lam LT, Kluin P, Boerma EJ, Greiner TC, Weisenburger DD, Rosenwald A, Ott G, et al: Molecular diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2006, 354 (23): 2431-2442. 10.1056/NEJMoa055759.CrossRefPubMed Dave SS, Fu K, Wright GW, Lam LT, Kluin P, Boerma EJ, Greiner TC, Weisenburger DD, Rosenwald A, Ott G, et al: Molecular diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2006, 354 (23): 2431-2442. 10.1056/NEJMoa055759.CrossRefPubMed
63.
go back to reference Gupta M, Ansell SM, Witzig TE, Ziesmer SC, Cerhan JR, Dillon SR, Novak AJ: APRIL-TACI Interactions Mediate Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma B Cell Proliferation through Akt Regulated Cyclin D1 and P21. ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 2007, 110 (11): 3585- Gupta M, Ansell SM, Witzig TE, Ziesmer SC, Cerhan JR, Dillon SR, Novak AJ: APRIL-TACI Interactions Mediate Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma B Cell Proliferation through Akt Regulated Cyclin D1 and P21. ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts. 2007, 110 (11): 3585-
64.
go back to reference Deshayes F, Lapree G, Portier A, Richard Y, Pencalet P, Mahieu-Caputo D, Horellou P, Tsapis A: Abnormal production of the TNF-homologue APRIL increases the proliferation of human malignant glioblastoma cell lines via a specific receptor. Oncogene. 2004, 23 (17): 3005-3012. 10.1038/sj.onc.1207350.CrossRefPubMed Deshayes F, Lapree G, Portier A, Richard Y, Pencalet P, Mahieu-Caputo D, Horellou P, Tsapis A: Abnormal production of the TNF-homologue APRIL increases the proliferation of human malignant glioblastoma cell lines via a specific receptor. Oncogene. 2004, 23 (17): 3005-3012. 10.1038/sj.onc.1207350.CrossRefPubMed
65.
go back to reference Okano H, Shiraki K, Yamanaka Y, Inoue H, Kawakita T, Saitou Y, Yamaguchi Y, Enokimura N, Ito K, Yamamoto N, et al: Functional expression of a proliferation-related ligand in hepatocellular carcinoma and its implications for neovascularization. World J Gastroenterol. 2005, 11 (30): 4650-4654.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Okano H, Shiraki K, Yamanaka Y, Inoue H, Kawakita T, Saitou Y, Yamaguchi Y, Enokimura N, Ito K, Yamamoto N, et al: Functional expression of a proliferation-related ligand in hepatocellular carcinoma and its implications for neovascularization. World J Gastroenterol. 2005, 11 (30): 4650-4654.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
66.
go back to reference Couchman JR: Syndecans: proteoglycan regulators of cell-surface microdomains?. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2003, 4 (12): 926-937. 10.1038/nrm1257.CrossRefPubMed Couchman JR: Syndecans: proteoglycan regulators of cell-surface microdomains?. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2003, 4 (12): 926-937. 10.1038/nrm1257.CrossRefPubMed
67.
go back to reference Filmus J: Glypicans in growth control and cancer. Glycobiology. 2001, 11 (3): 19R-23R. 10.1093/glycob/11.3.19R.CrossRefPubMed Filmus J: Glypicans in growth control and cancer. Glycobiology. 2001, 11 (3): 19R-23R. 10.1093/glycob/11.3.19R.CrossRefPubMed
68.
go back to reference Mahtouk K, Cremer FW, Reme T, Jourdan M, Baudard M, Moreaux J, Requirand G, Fiol G, De Vos J, Moos M, et al: Heparan sulphate proteoglycans are essential for the myeloma cell growth activity of EGF-family ligands in multiple myeloma. Oncogene. 2006, 25 (54): 7180-7191. 10.1038/sj.onc.1209699.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Mahtouk K, Cremer FW, Reme T, Jourdan M, Baudard M, Moreaux J, Requirand G, Fiol G, De Vos J, Moos M, et al: Heparan sulphate proteoglycans are essential for the myeloma cell growth activity of EGF-family ligands in multiple myeloma. Oncogene. 2006, 25 (54): 7180-7191. 10.1038/sj.onc.1209699.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
69.
go back to reference Bernfield M, Gotte M, Park PW, Reizes O, Fitzgerald ML, Lincecum J, Zako M: Functions of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Annu Rev Biochem. 1999, 68: 729-777. 10.1146/annurev.biochem.68.1.729.CrossRefPubMed Bernfield M, Gotte M, Park PW, Reizes O, Fitzgerald ML, Lincecum J, Zako M: Functions of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Annu Rev Biochem. 1999, 68: 729-777. 10.1146/annurev.biochem.68.1.729.CrossRefPubMed
70.
go back to reference Sasisekharan R, Shriver Z, Venkataraman G, Narayanasami U: Roles of heparan-sulphate glycosaminoglycans in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002, 2 (7): 521-528. 10.1038/nrc842.CrossRefPubMed Sasisekharan R, Shriver Z, Venkataraman G, Narayanasami U: Roles of heparan-sulphate glycosaminoglycans in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002, 2 (7): 521-528. 10.1038/nrc842.CrossRefPubMed
71.
go back to reference Timar J, Lapis K, Dudas J, Sebestyen A, Kopper L, Kovalszky I: Proteoglycans and tumor progression: Janus-faced molecules with contradictory functions in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol. 2002, 12 (3): 173-186. 10.1016/S1044-579X(02)00021-4.CrossRefPubMed Timar J, Lapis K, Dudas J, Sebestyen A, Kopper L, Kovalszky I: Proteoglycans and tumor progression: Janus-faced molecules with contradictory functions in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol. 2002, 12 (3): 173-186. 10.1016/S1044-579X(02)00021-4.CrossRefPubMed
72.
go back to reference Alexander CM, Reichsman F, Hinkes MT, Lincecum J, Becker KA, Cumberledge S, Bernfield M: Syndecan-1 is required for Wnt-1-induced mammary tumorigenesis in mice. Nat Genet. 2000, 25 (3): 329-332. 10.1038/77108.CrossRefPubMed Alexander CM, Reichsman F, Hinkes MT, Lincecum J, Becker KA, Cumberledge S, Bernfield M: Syndecan-1 is required for Wnt-1-induced mammary tumorigenesis in mice. Nat Genet. 2000, 25 (3): 329-332. 10.1038/77108.CrossRefPubMed
73.
go back to reference Klerk CP, Smorenburg SM, Otten HM, Lensing AW, Prins MH, Piovella F, Prandoni P, Bos MM, Richel DJ, van Tienhoven G, et al: The effect of low molecular weight heparin on survival in patients with advanced malignancy. J Clin Oncol. 2005, 23 (10): 2130-2135. 10.1200/JCO.2005.03.134.CrossRefPubMed Klerk CP, Smorenburg SM, Otten HM, Lensing AW, Prins MH, Piovella F, Prandoni P, Bos MM, Richel DJ, van Tienhoven G, et al: The effect of low molecular weight heparin on survival in patients with advanced malignancy. J Clin Oncol. 2005, 23 (10): 2130-2135. 10.1200/JCO.2005.03.134.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
APRIL is overexpressed in cancer: link with tumor progression
Authors
Jérôme Moreaux
Jean-Luc Veyrune
John De Vos
Bernard Klein
Publication date
01-12-2009
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2009
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-9-83

Other articles of this Issue 1/2009

BMC Cancer 1/2009 Go to the issue
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine