Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Research article

Fascin overexpression promotes neoplastic progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Authors: Hunain Alam, Amruta V Bhate, Prakash Gangadaran, Sharda S Sawant, Shimul Salot, Lalit Sehgal, Prerana P Dange, Devendra A Chaukar, Anil K D'cruz, Sadhna Kannanl, Rajiv Gude, Shubhada Kane, Sorab N Dalal, Milind M Vaidya

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Fascin is a globular actin cross-linking protein, which plays a major role in forming parallel actin bundles in cell protrusions and is found to be associated with tumor cell invasion and metastasis in various type of cancers including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Previously, we have demonstrated that fascin regulates actin polymerization and thereby promotes cell motility in K8-depleted OSCC cells. In the present study we have investigated the role of fascin in tumor progression of OSCC.

Methods

To understand the role of fascin in OSCC development and/or progression, fascin was overexpressed along with vector control in OSCC derived cells AW13516. The phenotype was studied using wound healing, Boyden chamber, cell adhesion, Hanging drop, soft agar and tumorigenicity assays. Further, fascin expression was examined in human OSCC samples (N = 131) using immunohistochemistry and level of its expression was correlated with clinico-pathological parameters of the patients.

Results

Fascin overexpression in OSCC derived cells led to significant increase in cell migration, cell invasion and MMP-2 activity. In addition these cells demonstrated increased levels of phosphorylated AKT, ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. Our in vitro results were consistent with correlative studies of fascin expression with the clinico-pathological parameters of the OSCC patients. Fascin expression in OSCC showed statistically significant correlation with increased tumor stage (P = 0.041), increased lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001), less differentiation (P = 0.005), increased recurrence (P = 0.038) and shorter survival (P = 0.004) of the patients.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our results indicate that fascin promotes tumor progression and activates AKT and MAPK pathways in OSCC-derived cells. Further, our correlative studies of fascin expression in OSCC with clinico-pathological parameters of the patients indicate that fascin may prove to be useful in prognostication and treatment of OSCC.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P: Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005, 55: 74-108. 10.3322/canjclin.55.2.74.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Sano D, Myers JN: Metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2007, 26: 645-662. 10.1007/s10555-007-9082-y.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Rusthoven K, Ballonoff A, Raben D, Chen C: Poor prognosis in patients with stage I and II oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer. 2008, 112: 345-351. 10.1002/cncr.23183.CrossRefPubMed
4.
de Aguiar AF, Kowalski LP, de Almeida OP: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation of oral squamous cell carcinoma in patients with early local recurrence. Oral Oncol. 2007, 43: 593-601. 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2006.07.003.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Mucke T, Wagenpfeil S, Kesting MR, Holzle F, Wolff KD: Recurrence interval affects survival after local relapse of oral cancer. Oral Oncol. 2009, 45: 687-691. 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.10.011.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Woolgar JA: Histopathological prognosticators in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol. 2006, 42: 229-239. 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2005.05.008.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Kureishy N, Sapountzi V, Prag S, Anilkumar N, Adams JC: Fascins, and their roles in cell structure and function. Bioessays. 2002, 24: 350-361. 10.1002/bies.10070.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Bryan J, Edwards R, Matsudaira P, Otto J, Wulfkuhle J: Fascin, an echinoid actin-bundling protein, is a homolog of the Drosophila singed gene product. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993, 90: 9115-9119. 10.1073/pnas.90.19.9115.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Al-Alwan MM, Rowden G, Lee TD, West KA: Fascin is involved in the antigen presentation activity of mature dendritic cells. J Immunol. 2001, 166: 338-345.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Cohan CS, Welnhofer EA, Zhao L, Matsumura F, Yamashiro S: Role of the actin bundling protein fascin in growth cone morphogenesis: localization in filopodia and lamellipodia. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton. 2001, 48: 109-120. 10.1002/1097-0169(200102)48:2<109::AID-CM1002>3.0.CO;2-G.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Mosialos G, Yamashiro S, Baughman RW, Matsudaira P, Vara L, Matsumura F, Kieff E, Birkenbach M: Epstein-Barr virus infection induces expression in B lymphocytes of a novel gene encoding an evolutionarily conserved 55-kilodalton actin-bundling protein. J Virol. 1994, 68: 7320-7328.PubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Hashimoto Y, Skacel M, Adams JC: Roles of fascin in human carcinoma motility and signaling: prospects for a novel biomarker?. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2005, 37: 1787-1804. 10.1016/j.biocel.2005.05.004.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Grothey A, Hashizume R, Ji H, Tubb BE, Patrick CW, Yu D, Mooney EE, McCrea PD: C-erbB-2/HER-2 upregulates fascin, an actin-bundling protein associated with cell motility, in human breast cancer cell lines. Oncogene. 2000, 19: 4864-4875. 10.1038/sj.onc.1203838.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Grothey A, Hashizume R, Sahin AA, McCrea PD: Fascin, an actin-bundling protein associated with cell motility, is upregulated in hormone receptor negative breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 2000, 83: 870-873. 10.1054/bjoc.2000.1395.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
15.
Hu W, McCrea PD, Deavers M, Kavanagh JJ, Kudelka AP, Verschraegen CF: Increased expression of fascin, motility associated protein, in cell cultures derived from ovarian cancer and in borderline and carcinomatous ovarian tumors. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2000, 18: 83-88. 10.1023/A:1026596609969.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Goncharuk VN, Ross JS, Carlson JA: Actin-binding protein fascin expression in skin neoplasia. J Cutan Pathol. 2002, 29: 430-438. 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2002.290708.x.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Ashfaq R, Maitra A, Adsay NV, Shen-Ong GL, Berg K, Hollingsworth MA, Cameron JL, Yeo CJ, Kern SE, et al: Highly expressed genes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas: a comprehensive characterization and comparison of the transcription profiles obtained from three major technologies. Cancer Res. 2003, 63: 8614-8622.PubMed
18.
Maitra A, Iacobuzio-Donahue C, Rahman A, Sohn TA, Argani P, Meyer R, Yeo CJ, Cameron JL, Goggins M, Kern SE, et al: Immunohistochemical validation of a novel epithelial and a novel stromal marker of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma identified by global expression microarrays: sea urchin fascin homolog and heat shock protein 47. Am J Clin Pathol. 2002, 118: 52-59. 10.1309/3PAM-P5WL-2LV0-R4EG.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Iguchi T, Aishima S, Umeda K, Sanefuji K, Fujita N, Sugimachi K, Gion T, Taketomi A, Maehara Y, Tsuneyoshi M: Fascin expression in progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol. 2009, 100: 575-579. 10.1002/jso.21377.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Machesky LM, Li A: Fascin: Invasive filopodia promoting metastasis. Commun Integr Biol. 3: 263-270.
21.
Pelosi G, Pasini F, Fraggetta F, Pastorino U, Iannucci A, Maisonneuve P, Arrigoni G, De Manzoni G, Bresaola E, Viale G: Independent value of fascin immunoreactivity for predicting lymph node metastases in typical and atypical pulmonary carcinoids. Lung Cancer. 2003, 42: 203-213. 10.1016/S0169-5002(03)00294-0.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Hashimoto Y, Ito T, Inoue H, Okumura T, Tanaka E, Tsunoda S, Higashiyama M, Watanabe G, Imamura M, Shimada Y: Prognostic significance of fascin overexpression in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2005, 11: 2597-2605. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-1378.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Hashimoto Y, Skacel M, Lavery IC, Mukherjee AL, Casey G, Adams JC: Prognostic significance of fascin expression in advanced colorectal cancer: an immunohistochemical study of colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas. BMC Cancer. 2006, 6: 241-10.1186/1471-2407-6-241.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
24.
Zhang H, Xu L, Xiao D, Xie J, Zeng H, Cai W, Niu Y, Yang Z, Shen Z, Li E: Fascin is a potential biomarker for early-stage oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Pathol. 2006, 59: 958-964. 10.1136/jcp.2005.032730.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
25.
Zigeuner R, Droschl N, Tauber V, Rehak P, Langner C: Biologic significance of fascin expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: systematic analysis of primary and metastatic tumor tissues using a tissue microarray technique. Urology. 2006, 68: 518-522. 10.1016/j.urology.2006.03.032.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Puppa G, Maisonneuve P, Sonzogni A, Masullo M, Chiappa A, Valerio M, Zampino MG, Franceschetti I, Capelli P, Chilosi M, et al: Independent prognostic value of fascin immunoreactivity in stage III-IV colonic adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2007, 96: 1118-1126. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603690.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
27.
Chen SF, Yang SF, Li JW, Nieh PC, Lin SY, Fu E, Bai CY, Jin JS, Lin CY, Nieh S: Expression of fascin in oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas has prognostic significance - a tissue microarray study of 129 cases. Histopathol. 2007, 51: 173-183. 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2007.02755.x.CrossRef
28.
Alam H, Kundu ST, Dalal SN, Vaidya MM: Loss of keratins 8 and 18 leads to alterations in alpha6beta4-integrin-mediated signalling and decreased neoplastic progression in an oral-tumour-derived cell line. J Cell Sci. 2011, 124: 2096-2106. 10.1242/jcs.073585.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Raul U, Sawant S, Dange P, Kalraiya R, Ingle A, Vaidya M: Implications of cytokeratin 8/18 filament formation in stratified epithelial cells: induction of transformed phenotype. Int J Cancer. 2004, 111: 662-668. 10.1002/ijc.20349.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Alam H, Sehgal L, Kundu ST, Dalal SN, Vaidya MM: Novel function of keratins 5 and 14 in proliferation and differentiation of stratified epithelial cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2011, 22: 4068-4078. 10.1091/mbc.E10-08-0703.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
Elbert M, Cohen D, Musch A: PAR1b promotes cell-cell adhesion and inhibits dishevelled-mediated transformation of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2006, 17: 3345-3355. 10.1091/mbc.E06-03-0193.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Dua P, Ingle A, Gude RP: Suramin augments the antitumor and antimetastatic activity of pentoxifylline in B16F10 melanoma. Int J Cancer. 2007, 121: 1600-1608. 10.1002/ijc.22843.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Heussen C, Dowdle EB: Electrophoretic analysis of plasminogen activators in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate and copolymerized substrates. Anal Biochem. 1980, 102: 196-202. 10.1016/0003-2697(80)90338-3.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Alam H, Gangadaran P, Bhate AV, Chaukar DA, Sawant SS, Tiwari R, Bobade J, Kannan S, D'Cruz A K, Kane S, Vaidya MM: Loss of Keratin 8 Phosphorylation Leads to Increased Tumor Progression and Correlates with Clinico-Pathological Parameters of OSCC Patients. PLoS One. 2011, 6: e27767-10.1371/journal.pone.0027767.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
Vignjevic D, Kojima S, Aratyn Y, Danciu O, Svitkina T, Borisy GG: Role of fascin in filopodial protrusion. J Cell Biol. 2006, 174: 863-875. 10.1083/jcb.200603013.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
Adams JC: Roles of fascin in cell adhesion and motility. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2004, 16: 590-596. 10.1016/j.ceb.2004.07.009.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Yamashiro S, Yamakita Y, Ono S, Matsumura F: Fascin, an actin-bundling protein, induces membrane protrusions and increases cell motility of epithelial cells. Mol Biol Cell. 1998, 9: 993-1006.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
Kudo Y, Kitajima S, Ogawa I, Hiraoka M, Sargolzaei S, Keikhaee MR, Sato S, Miyauchi M, Takata T: Invasion and metastasis of oral cancer cells require methylation of E-cadherin and/or degradation of membranous beta-catenin. Clin Cancer Res. 2004, 10: 5455-5463. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0372.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Laxmidevi LB, Angadi PV, Pillai RK, Chandreshekar C: Aberrant beta-catenin expression in the histologic differentiation of oral squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study. J Oral Sci. 52: 633-640.
40.
Wang L, Liu T, Wang Y, Cao L, Nishioka M, Aguirre RL, Ishikawa A, Geng L, Okada N: Altered expression of desmocollin 3, desmoglein 3, and beta-catenin in oral squamous cell carcinoma: correlation with lymph node metastasis and cell proliferation. Virchows Arch. 2007, 451: 959-966. 10.1007/s00428-007-0485-5.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Hashimoto Y, Parsons M, Adams JC: Dual actin-bundling and protein kinase C-binding activities of fascin regulate carcinoma cell migration downstream of Rac and contribute to metastasis. Mol Biol Cell. 2007, 18: 4591-4602. 10.1091/mbc.E07-02-0157.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
42.
Xie JJ, Xu LY, Zhang HH, Cai WJ, Mai RQ, Xie YM, Yang ZM, Niu YD, Shen ZY, Li EM: Role of fascin in the proliferation and invasiveness of esophageal carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005, 337: 355-362. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.055.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Jawhari AU, Buda A, Jenkins M, Shehzad K, Sarraf C, Noda M, Farthing MJ, Pignatelli M, Adams JC: Fascin, an actin-bundling protein, modulates colonic epithelial cell invasiveness and differentiation in vitro. Am J Pathol. 2003, 162: 69-80. 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63799-6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
44.
Hwang JH, Smith CA, Salhia B, Rutka JT: The role of fascin in the migration and invasiveness of malignant glioma cells. Neoplasia. 2008, 10: 149-159. 10.1593/neo.07909.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Chen L, Yang S, Jakoncic J, Zhang JJ, Huang XY: Migrastatin analogues target fascin to block tumour metastasis. Nature. 464: 1062-1066.
46.
Liotta LA, Tryggvason K, Garbisa S, Hart I, Foltz CM, Shafie S: Metastatic potential correlates with enzymatic degradation of basement membrane collagen. Nature. 1980, 284: 67-68. 10.1038/284067a0.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Thiery JP: Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in tumour progression. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002, 2: 442-454. 10.1038/nrc822.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Vignjevic D, Schoumacher M, Gavert N, Janssen KP, Jih G, Lae M, Louvard D, Ben-Ze'ev A, Robine S: Fascin, a novel target of beta-catenin-TCF signaling, is expressed at the invasive front of human colon cancer. Cancer Res. 2007, 67: 6844-6853. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-0929.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Friedl P: Prespecification and plasticity: shifting mechanisms of cell migration. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2004, 16: 14-23. 10.1016/j.ceb.2003.11.001.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Gumbiner BM: Cell adhesion: the molecular basis of tissue architecture and morphogenesis. Cell. 1996, 84: 345-357. 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81279-9.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Hynes RO, Lander AD: Contact and adhesive specificities in the associations, migrations, and targeting of cells and axons. Cell. 1992, 68: 303-322. 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90472-O.CrossRefPubMed
52.
Lyons AJ, Jones J: Cell adhesion molecules, the extracellular matrix and oral squamous carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007, 36: 671-679. 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.04.002.CrossRefPubMed
53.
Adams JC: Formation of stable microspikes containing actin and the 55 kDa actin bundling protein, fascin, is a consequence of cell adhesion to thrombospondin-1: implications for the anti-adhesive activities of thrombospondin-1. J Cell Sci. 1995, 108 (Pt 5): 1977-1990.PubMed
54.
Adams JC, Clelland JD, Collett GD, Matsumura F, Yamashiro S, Zhang L: Cell-matrix adhesions differentially regulate fascin phosphorylation. Mol Biol Cell. 1999, 10: 4177-4190.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
55.
Anilkumar N, Parsons M, Monk R, Ng T, Adams JC: Interaction of fascin and protein kinase Calpha: a novel intersection in cell adhesion and motility. Embo J. 2003, 22: 5390-5402. 10.1093/emboj/cdg521.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Ortiz CM, Ito T, Hashimoto Y, Nagayama S, Iwai A, Tsunoda S, Sato F, Martorell M, Garcia JA, Perez A, Shimada Y: Effects of small interfering RNAs targeting fascin on human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Diagn Pathol. 2010, 5: 41-10.1186/1746-1596-5-41.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
57.
Pelosi G, Pastorino U, Pasini F, Maissoneuve P, Fraggetta F, Iannucci A, Sonzogni A, De Manzoni G, Terzi A, Durante E, et al: Independent prognostic value of fascin immunoreactivity in stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer. 2003, 88: 537-547. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600731.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
58.
Wagner EF, Nebreda AR: Signal integration by JNK and p38 MAPK pathways in cancer development. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009, 9: 537-549. 10.1038/nrc2694.CrossRefPubMed
59.
Roberts PJ, Der CJ: Targeting the Raf-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade for the treatment of cancer. Oncogene. 2007, 26: 3291-3310. 10.1038/sj.onc.1210422.CrossRefPubMed
60.
Vivanco I, Sawyers CL: The phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase AKT pathway in human cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002, 2: 489-501. 10.1038/nrc839.CrossRefPubMed
61.
Rao JS: Molecular mechanisms of glioma invasiveness: the role of proteases. Nat Rev Cancer. 2003, 3: 489-501. 10.1038/nrc1121.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Westermarck J, Kahari VM: Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression in tumor invasion. Faseb J. 1999, 13: 781-792.PubMed
63.
Lev DC, Onn A, Melinkova VO, Miller C, Stone V, Ruiz M, McGary EC, Ananthaswamy HN, Price JE, Bar-Eli M: Exposure of melanoma cells to dacarbazine results in enhanced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. J Clin Oncol. 2004, 22: 2092-2100. 10.1200/JCO.2004.11.070.CrossRefPubMed
64.
Lim J, Kim JH, Paeng JY, Kim MJ, Hong SD, Lee JI, Hong SP: Prognostic value of activated Akt expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Pathol. 2005, 58: 1199-1205. 10.1136/jcp.2004.024786.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
65.
Shingaki S, Takada M, Sasai K, Bibi R, Kobayashi T, Nomura T, Saito C: Impact of lymph node metastasis on the pattern of failure and survival in oral carcinomas. Am J Surg. 2003, 185: 278-284. 10.1016/S0002-9610(02)01378-8.CrossRefPubMed
66.
Massano J, Regateiro FS, Januario G, Ferreira A: Oral squamous cell carcinoma: review of prognostic and predictive factors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006, 102: 67-76. 10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.07.038.CrossRefPubMed
67.
Ferlito A, Rinaldo A, Robbins KT, Leemans CR, Shah JP, Shaha AR, Andersen PE, Kowalski LP, Pellitteri PK, Clayman GL, et al: Changing concepts in the surgical management of the cervical node metastasis. Oral Oncol. 2003, 39: 429-435. 10.1016/S1368-8375(03)00010-1.CrossRefPubMed
68.
Woolgar JA, Rogers SN, Lowe D, Brown JS, Vaughan ED: Cervical lymph node metastasis in oral cancer: the importance of even microscopic extracapsular spread. Oral Oncol. 2003, 39: 130-137. 10.1016/S1368-8375(02)00030-1.CrossRefPubMed
69.
Greenberg JS, El Naggar AK, Mo V, Roberts D, Myers JN: Disparity in pathologic and clinical lymph node staging in oral tongue carcinoma. Implication for therapeutic decision making. Cancer. 2003, 98: 508-515. 10.1002/cncr.11526.CrossRefPubMed
70.
Lo WL, Kao SY, Chi LY, Wong YK, Chang RC: Outcomes of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Taiwan after surgical therapy: factors affecting survival. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2003, 61: 751-758. 10.1016/S0278-2391(03)00149-6.CrossRefPubMed
71.
Lee TK, Poon RT, Man K, Guan XY, Ma S, Liu XB, Myers JN, Yuen AP: Fascin over-expression is associated with aggressiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett. 2007, 254: 308-315. 10.1016/j.canlet.2007.03.017.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Fascin overexpression promotes neoplastic progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors
Hunain Alam
Amruta V Bhate
Prakash Gangadaran
Sharda S Sawant
Shimul Salot
Lalit Sehgal
Prerana P Dange
Devendra A Chaukar
Anil K D'cruz
Sadhna Kannanl
Rajiv Gude
Shubhada Kane
Sorab N Dalal
Milind M Vaidya
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-12-32

Other articles of this Issue 1/2012

BMC Cancer 1/2012 Go to the issue

Research article

Downregulation of organic cation transporters OCT1 (SLC22A1) and OCT3 (SLC22A3) in human hepatocellular carcinoma and their prognostic significance

Study protocol

Phase I/II trial evaluating carbon ion radiotherapy for the treatment of recurrent rectal cancer: the PANDORA-01 trial

Research article

Inhibition of STAT3 signaling and induction of SHP1 mediate antiangiogenic and antitumor activities of ergosterol peroxide in U266 multiple myeloma cells

Research article

LINE-1 methylation shows little intra-patient heterogeneity in primary and synchronous metastatic colorectal cancer

Research article

Second-line Treatment of Stage III/IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with pemetrexed in routine clinical practice: Evaluation of performance status and health-related quality of life

Research article

A case–control study of occupation/industry and renal cell carcinoma risk
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Image Credits