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BMC Medical Imaging
Published in: BMC Medical Imaging 1/2009

Open Access 01-12-2009 | Research article

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography predicts cardiovascular events after TIA

Authors: Katrin Holzer, Suwad Sadikovic, Lorena Esposito, Angelina Bockelbrink, Dirk Sander, Bernhard Hemmer, Holger Poppert

Published in: BMC Medical Imaging | Issue 1/2009

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Abstract

Background

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients are at high vascular risk. We assessed the value of extracranial (ECD) and transcranial (TCD) Doppler and duplex ultrasonography to predict clinical outcome after TIA.

Methods

176 consecutive TIA patients admitted to the Stroke Unit were recruited in the study. All patients received diffusion-weighted imaging, standardized ECD and TCD. At a median follow-up of 27 months, new vascular events were recorded.

Results

22 (13.8%) patients experienced an ischemic stroke or TIA, 5 (3.1%) a myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome, and 5 (3.1%) underwent arterial revascularization. ECD revealed extracranial ≥ 50% stenosis or occlusions in 34 (19.3%) patients, TCD showed intracranial stenosis in 15 (9.2%) and collateral flow patterns due to extracranial stenosis in 5 (3.1%) cases. Multivariate analysis identified these abnormal ECD and TCD findings as predictors of new cerebral ischemic events (ECD: hazard ratio (HR) 4.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.75 to 10.57, P = 0.01; TCD: HR 4.73, 95% CI 1.86 to 12.04, P = 0.01). Abnormal TCD findings were also predictive of cardiovascular ischemic events (HR 18.51, 95% CI 3.49 to 98.24, P = 0.001).

Conclusion

TIA patients with abnormal TCD findings are at high risk to develop further cerebral and cardiovascular ischemic events.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography predicts cardiovascular events after TIA
Authors
Katrin Holzer
Suwad Sadikovic
Lorena Esposito
Angelina Bockelbrink
Dirk Sander
Bernhard Hemmer
Holger Poppert
Publication date
01-12-2009
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Medical Imaging / Issue 1/2009
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2342
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2342-9-13

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