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Open Access 01-12-2015 | Review

Mechanical stretch: physiological and pathological implications for human vascular endothelial cells

Authors: Nurul F. Jufri, Abidali Mohamedali, Alberto Avolio, Mark S. Baker

Published in: Vascular Cell | Issue 1/2015

Abstract

Vascular endothelial cells are subjected to hemodynamic forces such as mechanical stretch due to the pulsatile nature of blood flow. Mechanical stretch of different intensities is detected by mechanoreceptors on the cell surface which enables the conversion of external mechanical stimuli to biochemical signals in the cell, activating downstream signaling pathways. This activation may vary depending on whether the cell is exposed to physiological or pathological stretch intensities. Substantial stretch associated with normal physiological functioning is important in maintaining vascular homeostasis as it is involved in the regulation of cell structure, vascular angiogenesis, proliferation and control of vascular tone. However, the elevated pressure that occurs with hypertension exposes cells to excessive mechanical load, and this may lead to pathological consequences through the formation of reactive oxygen species, inflammation and/or apoptosis. These processes are activated by downstream signaling through various pathways that determine the fate of cells. Identification of the proteins involved in these processes may help elucidate novel mechanisms involved in vascular disease associated with pathological mechanical stretch and could provide new insight into therapeutic strategies aimed at countering the mechanisms’ negative effects.

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Title: Mechanical stretch: physiological and pathological implications for human vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Nurul F. Jufri
Abidali Mohamedali
Alberto Avolio
Mark S. Baker
Publication date: 01-12-2015
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Vascular Cell / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 2045-824X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13221-015-0033-z

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Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

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Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

Therapeutic manipulation of angiogenesis with miR-27b

Growth factor purification and delivery systems (PADS) for therapeutic angiogenesis

Vascular Notch proteins and Notch signaling in the peri-implantation mouse uterus

Decreased circulating and neutrophil mediated VEGF-A165 release in stable long-term cardiac transplant recipients

Variability in vascular smooth muscle cell stretch-induced responses in 2D culture

Solenopsin A and analogs exhibit ceramide-like biological activity

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

At a glance: The STEP trials