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Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome
Published in: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Insulins | Review

Research progress on the relationship between bile acid metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Authors: Yisen Hou, Xinzhe Zhai, Xiaotao Wang, Yi Wu, Heyue Wang, Yaxin Qin, Jianli Han, Yong Meng

Published in: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Bile acids, which are steroid molecules originating from cholesterol and synthesized in the liver, play a pivotal role in regulating glucose metabolism and maintaining energy balance. Upon release into the intestine alongside bile, they activate various nuclear and membrane receptors, influencing crucial processes. These bile acids have emerged as significant contributors to managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, a complex clinical syndrome primarily driven by insulin resistance. Bile acids substantially lower blood glucose levels through multiple pathways: BA-FXR-SHP, BA-FXR-FGFR15/19, BA-TGR5-GLP-1, and BA-TGR5-cAMP. They also impact blood glucose regulation by influencing intestinal flora, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and bitter taste receptors. Collectively, these regulatory mechanisms enhance insulin sensitivity, stimulate insulin secretion, and boost energy expenditure. This review aims to comprehensively explore the interplay between bile acid metabolism and T2DM, focusing on primary regulatory pathways. By examining the latest advancements in our understanding of these interactions, we aim to illuminate potential therapeutic strategies and identify areas for future research. Additionally, this review critically assesses current research limitations to contribute to the effective management of T2DM.
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Metadata
Title
Research progress on the relationship between bile acid metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors
Yisen Hou
Xinzhe Zhai
Xiaotao Wang
Yi Wu
Heyue Wang
Yaxin Qin
Jianli Han
Yong Meng
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1758-5996
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-023-01207-6

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