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Open Access 01-12-2015 | Methodology

Graded Resistance Exercise And Type 2 Diabetes in Older adults (The GREAT2DO study): methods and baseline cohort characteristics of a randomized controlled trial

Authors: Kylie A. Simpson, Yorgi Mavros, Shelley Kay, Jacinda Meiklejohn, Nathan de Vos, Yi Wang, Qianyu Guo, Renru Zhao, Mike Climstein, Bernard T. Baune, Steven Blair, Anthony J. O’Sullivan, David Simar, Nalin Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone Singh

Published in: Trials | Issue 1/2015

Abstract

Background

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is projected to affect 439 million people by 2030. Medical management focuses on controlling blood glucose levels pharmacologically in a disease that is closely related to lifestyle factors such as diet and inactivity. Physical activity guidelines include aerobic exercise at intensities or volumes potentially unreachable for older adults limited by many co-morbidities. We aim to show for the first time the efficacy of a novel exercise modality, power training (high-velocity, high-intensity progressive resistance training or PRT), in older adults with T2D as a means for improving glycemic control and targeting many associated metabolic and physiological outcomes.

Eligibility criteria included community-dwelling men and women previously diagnosed with T2D who met the current definition of metabolic syndrome according to the International Diabetes Federation. Participants were randomized to a fully supervised power training intervention or sham exercise control group for 12 months. Intervention group participants performed whole body machine-based power training at 80%1RM, 3 days per week. The control group undertook the same volume of non-progressive, low-intensity training. Participants were assessed at baseline, 6 months and 12 months and followed for a further 5 years, during which time participants were advised to exercise at moderate-high intensity. Glycemic control (HbA1c) and insulin resistance as measured by the homeostatic model assessment 2 (HOMA2-IR) were the primary outcomes of the trial. Outcome assessors were blinded to group assignment and participants were blinded to the investigators’ hypothesis regarding the most effective intervention.

Results

We recruited 103 participants (48.5 % women, 71.6 ± 5.6 years). Participants had 5.1 ± 1.8 chronic diseases, had been diagnosed with T2D for 8 ± 6 years and had a body mass index (BMI) of 31.6 ± 4.0 kg/m². Fasting glucose and insulin were 7.3 ± 2.4 mmol/L and 10.6 ± 6.3 mU/L, respectively. HbA1c was 54 ± 12 mmol/mol. Eighty-six participants completed the 12-month assessment and follow-up is ongoing. This cohort had a lower-than-expected dropout (n = 14, 14 %) over the 12-month intervention period.

Conclusions

Power training may be a feasible adjunctive therapy for improving glycemic control for the growing epidemic of T2D in older adults.

Trial registration

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12606000436572 (24 September 2006).

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Title: Graded Resistance Exercise And Type 2 Diabetes in Older adults (The GREAT2DO study): methods and baseline cohort characteristics of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kylie A. Simpson
Yorgi Mavros
Shelley Kay
Jacinda Meiklejohn
Nathan de Vos
Yi Wang
Qianyu Guo
Renru Zhao
Mike Climstein
Bernard T. Baune
Steven Blair
Anthony J. O’Sullivan
David Simar
Nalin Singh
Maria A. Fiatarone Singh
Publication date: 01-12-2015
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Trials / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-015-1037-y

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Graded Resistance Exercise And Type 2 Diabetes in Older adults (The GREAT2DO study): methods and baseline cohort characteristics of a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background

Results

Conclusions

Trial registration

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Results

Conclusions

Trial registration

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