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Annals of General Psychiatry
Published in: Annals of General Psychiatry 1/2020

01-12-2020 | Mood Disorders | Primary research

Vitamin D deficiency mediates the relationship between dietary patterns and depression: a case–control study

Authors: Gity Sotoudeh, Firoozeh Raisi, Maryam Amini, Reza Majdzadeh, Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh, Fatemeh Khorram Rouz, Maryam Khosravi

Published in: Annals of General Psychiatry | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

Depression is a major contributor to disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost in the world. Dietary patterns are widely used to investigate diet–disease relations. In the current study, the relationship between dietary patterns and depression was investigated. Besides, the role of serum vitamin D, zinc, magnesium, and total antioxidant capacity as potential mediatory variables was studied.

Methods

It was an individually matched case–control study in which 330 depressed and healthy subjects were recruited for the extraction of dietary patterns; psychiatrists diagnosed major depressive disorder, using the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Serum vitamin D and aforementioned biomarkers were measured for a number of randomly selected depressed and healthy individuals. We conducted mediatory analysis by regression models.

Results

Healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns were associated with the lower and higher odds of depression (OR 0.39, CI 0.17–0.92 and OR 2.6, CI 1.04–6.08), respectively. A significant relationship between serum vitamin D with depression after adjusting for potential confounders was observed as well (OR 0.93, CI 0.87–0.99). According to the mediatory analysis the unhealthy dietary patterns were related to depression via altering the serum vitamin D concentration.

Conclusion

This study showed that vitamin D deficiency mediates the relationship between unhealthy dietary patterns and depression. However, to get a clearer result further prospective studies are required.
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Metadata
Title
Vitamin D deficiency mediates the relationship between dietary patterns and depression: a case–control study
Authors
Gity Sotoudeh
Firoozeh Raisi
Maryam Amini
Reza Majdzadeh
Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
Fatemeh Khorram Rouz
Maryam Khosravi
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Annals of General Psychiatry / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1744-859X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-020-00288-1

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