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Journal of Neuroinflammation
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research

Expression of IL-1β in rhesus EAE and MS lesions is mainly induced in the CNS itself

Authors: Saskia Maria Burm, Laura Anna Norma Peferoen, Ella Alwine Zuiderwijk-Sick, Krista Geraldine Haanstra, Bert Adriaan ‘t Hart, Paul van der Valk, Sandra Amor, Jan Bauer, Jeffrey John Bajramovic

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Interleukin (IL)-1β is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model for MS. Yet, detailed studies on IL-1β expression in different stages of MS lesion development and a comparison of IL-1β expression in MS and EAE are lacking.

Methods

Here, we performed an extensive characterization of IL-1β expression in brain tissue of MS patients, which included different MS lesion types, and in brain tissue of rhesus macaques with EAE.

Results

In rhesus EAE brain tissue, we observed prominent IL-1β staining in MHC class II+ cells within perivascular infiltrates and at the edges of large demyelinating lesions. Surprisingly, staining was localized to resident microglia or differentiated macrophages rather than to infiltrating monocytes, suggesting that IL-1β expression is induced within the central nervous system (CNS). By contrast, IL-1β staining in MS brain tissue was much less pronounced. Staining was found in the parenchyma of active and chronic active MS lesions and in nodules of MHC class II+ microglia in otherwise normal appearing white matter. IL-1β expression was detected in a minority of the nodules only, which could not be distinguished by the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers. These nodules were exclusively found in MS, and it remains to be determined whether IL-1β+ nodules are destined to progress into active lesions or whether they merely reflect a transient response to cellular stress.

Conclusions

Although the exact localization and relative intensity of IL-1β expression in EAE and MS is different, the staining pattern in both neuroinflammatory disorders is most consistent with the idea that the expression of IL-1β during lesion development is induced in the tissue rather than in the periphery.
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Metadata
Title
Expression of IL-1β in rhesus EAE and MS lesions is mainly induced in the CNS itself
Authors
Saskia Maria Burm
Laura Anna Norma Peferoen
Ella Alwine Zuiderwijk-Sick
Krista Geraldine Haanstra
Bert Adriaan ‘t Hart
Paul van der Valk
Sandra Amor
Jan Bauer
Jeffrey John Bajramovic
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-016-0605-8

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