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Published in: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 1/2022

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Diabetes | Research

Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Kinyarwanda version of the diabetes-39 (D-39) questionnaire

Authors: Jean Paul Uwizihiwe, Charilaos Lygidakis, Michela Bia, Damas Dukundane, Brenda Asiimwe-Kateera, Sabin Nsanzimana, Claus Vögele, Per Kallestrup

Published in: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes | Issue 1/2022

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Abstract

Background

In recent years, more importance is being given to the assessment of quality of life (QoL) among diabetic patients as a measure of their health and the goal of all health interventions. Other studies have reported a high prevalence of diabetes-related effects on; however, there is a knowledge gap in the region of Sub-Saharan Africa, as is the case for Rwanda, where the prevalence of diabetes is expected to rise over the next decade. The aim of this study is to report on the translation and cultural adaptation of the Diabetes-39 (D-39) questionnaire into the Kinyarwanda and its psychometric properties among diabetic patients in Rwanda.

Methods

The D-39 questionnaire—a five-scale, disease-specific QoL questionnaire—was translated from English to Kinyarwanda, then back-translated to English. A consensus meeting discussed discrepancies and agreed on changes. Interviews were conducted with 26 participants before producing a final version. For the psychometric evaluation, the adapted version was administered to 309 patients with diabetes mellitus. Participants either came from a separate cluster-randomised controlled trial or were recruited ad hoc for this study. The evaluation included testing internal consistency, known group validity, and construct validity.

Results

Participants’ mean age was 51 ± 12.7 years with a predominance of women (64%) in the sample. All five scales of the questionnaire showed a good internal consistency, with composite reliability of above 0.7. The five-factor model of the questionnaire was fitted to the 39 items. Although the fit was not exact, there was a satisfactory approximate fit (CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.05). There was a good discriminant validity except for the “social burden” and “anxiety and worry” scales (inter-factor correlation = 0.80).

Conclusions

Diabetes-39 is a questionnaire developed in English that was adapted and translated into Kinyarwanda. The Kinyarwanda version of D-39 is a reliable and valid instrument to measure QoL among diabetic patients in Rwanda. The questionnaire can be helpful in research and clinical practice improving health outcomes for patients with diabetes in Rwanda and other Kinyarwanda-competent areas in the sub-region. However, certain cross-cultural differences should be considered.
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Metadata
Title
Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Kinyarwanda version of the diabetes-39 (D-39) questionnaire
Authors
Jean Paul Uwizihiwe
Charilaos Lygidakis
Michela Bia
Damas Dukundane
Brenda Asiimwe-Kateera
Sabin Nsanzimana
Claus Vögele
Per Kallestrup
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Diabetes
Published in
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1477-7525
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-022-02034-5

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