Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Review

Nanomaterials in tumor immunotherapy: new strategies and challenges

Authors: Xudong Zhu, Shenglong Li

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2023

Login to get access

Abstract

Tumor immunotherapy exerts its anti-tumor effects by stimulating and enhancing immune responses of the body. It has become another important modality of anti-tumor therapy with significant clinical efficacy and advantages compared to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy. Although various kinds of tumor immunotherapeutic drugs have emerged, the challenges faced in the delivery of these drugs, such as poor tumor permeability and low tumor cell uptake rate, had prevented their widespread application. Recently, nanomaterials had emerged as a means for treatment of different diseases due to their targeting properties, biocompatibility and functionalities. Moreover, nanomaterials possess various characteristics that overcome the defects of traditional tumor immunotherapy, such as large drug loading capacity, precise tumor targeting and easy modification, thus leading to their wide application in tumor immunotherapy. There are two main classes of novel nanoparticles mentioned in this review: organic (polymeric nanomaterials, liposomes and lipid nanoparticles) and inorganic (non-metallic nanomaterials and metallic nanomaterials). Besides, the fabrication method for nanoparticles, Nanoemulsions, was also introduced. In summary, this review article mainly discussed the research progress of tumor immunotherapy based on nanomaterials in the past few years and offers a theoretical basis for exploring novel tumor immunotherapy strategies in the future.
Literature
1.
2.
Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, Bray F. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–49.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Smith RC, Creighton N, Lord RV, Merrett ND, Keogh GW, Liauw WS, Currow DC. Survival, mortality and morbidity outcomes after oesophagogastric cancer surgery in New South Wales, 2001–2008. Med J Aust. 2014;200(7):408–13.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Pan H, Gray R, Braybrooke J, Davies C, Taylor C, McGale P, Peto R, Pritchard KI, Bergh J, Dowsett M, Hayes DF. Ebctcg, 20-Year Risks of Breast-Cancer Recurrence after Stopping Endocrine Therapy at 5 Years. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(19):1836–46.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
5.
Yokoyama S, Fujita Y, Matsumura S, Yoshimura T, Kinoshita I, Watanabe T, Tabata H, Tsuji T, Ozawa S, Tamaki T, Nakatani Y, Oka M. Cribriform carcinoma in the lymph nodes is associated with distant metastasis, recurrence, and survival among patients with node-positive colorectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2021;108(3):e111–2.PubMedCrossRef
6.
7.
Liu Y, Cao X. Immunosuppressive cells in tumor immune escape and metastasis. J Mol Med (Berl). 2016;94(5):509–22.PubMedCrossRef
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Li Y, Tang K, Zhang X, Pan W, Li N, Tang B. Tumor microenvironment responsive nanocarriers for gene therapy. Chem Commun (Camb). 2022;58(63):8754–65.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Li S, Yue H, Wang S, Li X, Wang X, Guo P, Ma G, Wei W. Advances of bacteria-based delivery systems for modulating tumor microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;188: 114444.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Kwak SB, Kim SJ, Kim J, Kang YL, Ko CW, Kim I, Park JW. Tumor regionalization after surgery: Roles of the tumor microenvironment and neutrophil extracellular traps. Exp Mol Med. 2022;54(6):720–9.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
17.
18.
19.
Zhu Y, Lin X, Zhou X, Prochownik EV, Wang F, Li Y. Posttranslational control of lipogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):120.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
20.
Martín-Otal C, Navarro F, Casares N, Lasarte-Cía A, Sánchez-Moreno I, Hervás-Stubbs S, Lozano T, Lasarte JJ. Impact of tumor microenvironment on adoptive T cell transfer activity. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2022;370:1–31.PubMedCrossRef
21.
22.
23.
Korbecki J, Kojder K, Kapczuk P, Kupnicka P, Gawrońska-Szklarz B, Gutowska I, Chlubek D, Baranowska-Bosiacka I. The Effect of Hypoxia on the Expression of CXC Chemokines and CXC Chemokine Receptors-A Review of Literature. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(2):843. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3390/​ijms22020843.
24.
Zhou J, Yang Y, Gan T, Li Y, Hu F, Hao N, Yuan B, Chen Y, Zhang M. Lung cancer cells release high mobility group box 1 and promote the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Oncol Lett. 2019;18(1):181–8.PubMedPubMedCentral
25.
King RJ, Shukla SK, He C, Vernucci E, Thakur R, Attri KS, Dasgupta A, Chaika NV, Mulder SE, Abrego J, Murthy D, Gunda V, Pacheco CG, Grandgenett PM, Lazenby AJ, Hollingsworth MA, Yu F, Mehla K, Singh PK. CD73 induces GM-CSF/MDSC-mediated suppression of T cells to accelerate pancreatic cancer pathogenesis. Oncogene. 2022;41(7):971–82.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
26.
Chen H, Pan Y, Zhou Q, Liang C, Wong CC, Zhou Y, Huang D, Liu W, Zhai J, Gou H, Su H, Zhang X, Xu H, Wang Y, Kang W, Kei WuWK, Yu J. METTL3 Inhibits Antitumor Immunity by Targeting m(6)A-BHLHE41-CXCL1/CXCR2 Axis to Promote Colorectal Cancer. Gastroenterology. 2022;163(4):891–907.PubMedCrossRef
27.
Rahma OE, Hodi FS. The Intersection between Tumor Angiogenesis and Immune Suppression. Clin Cancer Res. 2019;25(18):5449–57.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zhang H, Ye YL, Li MX, Ye SB, Huang WR, Cai TT, He J, Peng JY, Duan TH, Cui J, Zhang XS, Zhou FJ, Wang RF, Li J. CXCL2/MIF-CXCR2 signaling promotes the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and is correlated with prognosis in bladder cancer. Oncogene. 2017;36(15):2095–104.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Wang X, Li X, Wei X, Jiang H, Lan C, Yang S, Wang H, Yang Y, Tian C, Xu Z, Zhang J, Hao J, Ren H. PD-L1 is a direct target of cancer-FOXP3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and combined immunotherapy with antibodies against PD-L1 and CCL5 is effective in the treatment of PDAC. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020;5(1):38.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
30.
Hua Y, Liu R, Lu M, Guan X, Zhuang S, Tian Y, Zhang Z, Cui L. Juglone regulates gut microbiota and Th17/Treg balance in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021;97: 107683.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Yuan W, Tan T, Liu Y, Du Y, Zhang S, Wang J. The Relationship between VEGF-C, TAM, and Lymph Node Metastasis in Oral Cancer. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022;2022:9910049.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
32.
Fujiwara T, Yakoub MA, Chandler A, Christ AB, Yang G, Ouerfelli O, Rajasekhar VK, Yoshida A, Kondo H, Hata T, Tazawa H, Dogan Y, Moore MAS, Fujiwara T, Ozaki T, Purdue E, Healey JH. CSF1/CSF1R Signaling Inhibitor Pexidartinib (PLX3397) Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Stimulates T-cell Infiltration in the Sarcoma Microenvironment. Mol Cancer Ther. 2021;20(8):1388–99.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
33.
Takenaka MC, Gabriely G, Rothhammer V, Mascanfroni ID, Wheeler MA, Chao CC, Gutierrez-Vazquez C, Kenison J, Tjon EC, Barroso A, Vandeventer T, de Lima KA, Rothweiler S, Mayo L, Ghannam S, Zandee S, Healy L, Sherr D, Farez MF, Prat A, Antel J, Reardon DA, Zhang H, Robson SC, Getz G, Weiner HL, Quintana FJ. Control of tumor-associated macrophages and T cells in glioblastoma via AHR and CD39. Nat Neurosci. 2019;22(5):729–40.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
34.
35.
Dammeijer F, van Gulijk M, Mulder EE, Lukkes M, Klaase L, van den Bosch T, van Nimwegen M, Lau SP, Latupeirissa K, Schetters S, van Kooyk Y, Boon L, Moyaart A, Mueller YM, Katsikis PD, Eggermont AM, Vroman H, Stadhouders R, Hendriks RW, Thusen JV, Grunhagen DJ, Verhoef C, van Hall T, Aerts JG. The PD-1/PD-L1-Checkpoint Restrains T cell Immunity in Tumor-Draining Lymph Nodes. Cancer Cell. 2020;38(5):685-700 e8.
36.
37.
Tokumasa N, Suto A, Kagami S, Furuta S, Hirose K, Watanabe N, Saito Y, Shimoda K, Iwamoto I, Nakajima H. Expression of Tyk2 in dendritic cells is required for IL-12, IL-23, and IFN-gamma production and the induction of Th1 cell differentiation. Blood. 2007;110(2):553–60.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Fu T, Dai LJ, Wu SY, Xiao Y, Ma D, Jiang YZ, Shao ZM. Spatial architecture of the immune microenvironment orchestrates tumor immunity and therapeutic response. J Hematol Oncol. 2021;14(1):98.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
39.
40.
Wu L, Sun S, Qu F, Sun M, Liu X, Sun Q, Cheng L, Zheng Y, Su G. CXCL9 influences the tumor immune microenvironment by stimulating JAK/STAT pathway in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2023;72(6):1479-92. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s00262-022-03343-w. Epub 2022 Dec 6.
41.
Zhu D, Tian J, Wu X, Li M, Tang X, Rui K, Guo H, Ma J, Xu H, Wang S. G-MDSC-derived exosomes attenuate collagen-induced arthritis by impairing Th1 and Th17 cell responses. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2019;1865(12): 165540.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Sun R, Zheng Z, Wang L, Cheng S, Shi Q, Qu B, Fu D, Leboeuf C, Zhao Y, Ye J, Janin A, Zhao WL. A novel prognostic model based on four circulating miRNA in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: implications for the roles of MDSC and Th17 cells in lymphoma progression. Mol Oncol. 2021;15(1):246–61.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Limagne E, Euvrard R, Thibaudin M, Rebe C, Derangere V, Chevriaux A, Boidot R, Vegran F, Bonnefoy N, Vincent J, Bengrine-Lefevre L, Ladoire S, Delmas D, Apetoh L, Ghiringhelli F. Accumulation of MDSC and Th17 Cells in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Predicts the Efficacy of a FOLFOX-Bevacizumab Drug Treatment Regimen. Cancer Res. 2016;76(18):5241–52.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Alderton GK. Tumour immunology: turning macrophages on, off and on again. Nat Rev Immunol. 2014;14(3):136–7.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Kuo IY, Hsieh CH, Kuo WT, Chang CP, Wang YC. Recent advances in conventional and unconventional vesicular secretion pathways in the tumor microenvironment. J Biomed Sci. 2022;29(1):56.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
46.
Xiang X, Niu YR, Wang ZH, Ye LL, Peng WB, Zhou Q. Cancer-associated fibroblasts: Vital suppressors of the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2022;67:35–48.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Janssen JBE, Medema JP, Gootjes EC, Tauriello DVF, Verheul HMW. Mutant RAS and the tumor microenvironment as dual therapeutic targets for advanced colorectal cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 2022;109: 102433.PubMedCrossRef
48.
Paskeh MDA, Entezari M, Mirzaei S, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Naghdi MJ, Sabet S, Khoshbakht MA, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K, Sethi G, Zarrabi A, Kumar AP, Tan SC, Papadakis M, Alexiou A, Islam MA, Mostafavi E, Ashrafizadeh M. Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):83.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
49.
50.
51.
Zhang Y, Zhang Z. The history and advances in cancer immunotherapy: understanding the characteristics of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their therapeutic implications. Cell Mol Immunol. 2020;17(8):807–21.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
52.
53.
Musetti S, Huang L. Nanoparticle-Mediated Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment to Enhance Immunotherapy. ACS Nano. 2018;12(12):11740–55.PubMedCrossRef
54.
55.
Odunsi K. Immunotherapy in ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(suppl_8):viii1-viii7.
56.
Fujiwara Y, Kato S, Nesline MK, Conroy JM, DePietro P, Pabla S, Kurzrock R. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Treat Rev. 2022;110: 102461.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Wang Y, Johnson KCC, Gatti-Mays ME, Li Z. Emerging strategies in targeting tumor-resident myeloid cells for cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):118.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
58.
Gao J, Zhang X, Jiang L, Li Y, Zheng Q. Tumor endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles contribute to tumor microenvironment remodeling. Cell Commun Signal. 2022;20(1):97.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
59.
Grisaru-Tal S, Rothenberg ME, Munitz A. Eosinophil-lymphocyte interactions in the tumor microenvironment and cancer immunotherapy. Nat Immunol. 2022;23(9):1309–16.PubMedCrossRef
60.
61.
Wang Y, Zhang H, Liu C, Wang Z, Wu W, Zhang N, Zhang L, Hu J, Luo P, Zhang J, Liu Z, Peng Y, Liu Z, Tang L, Cheng Q. Immune checkpoint modulators in cancer immunotherapy: recent advances and emerging concepts. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):111.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
62.
Yan Y, Huang L, Liu Y, Yi M, Chu Q, Jiao D, Wu K. Metabolic profiles of regulatory T cells and their adaptations to the tumor microenvironment: implications for antitumor immunity. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):104.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
63.
Nguyen DT, Ogando-Rivas E, Liu R, Wang T, Rubin J, Jin L, Tao H, Sawyer WW, Mendez-Gomez HR, Cascio M, Mitchell DA, Huang J, Sawyer WG, Sayour EJ, Castillo P. CAR T Cell Locomotion in Solid Tumor Microenvironment. Cells. 2022;11(12):1974. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3390/​cells11121974.
64.
Liu Y, Zheng P. Preserving the CTLA-4 Checkpoint for Safer and More Effective Cancer Immunotherapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2020;41(1):4–12.PubMedCrossRef
65.
Pandey N, Anastasiadis P, Carney CP, Kanvinde PP, Woodworth GF, Winkles JA, Kim AJ. Nanotherapeutic treatment of the invasive glioblastoma tumor microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;188: 114415.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Ge R, Wang Z, Cheng L. Tumor microenvironment heterogeneity an important mediator of prostate cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. NPJ Prec Oncol. 2022;6(1):31.CrossRef
67.
68.
Taube JM, Anders RA, Young GD, Xu H, Sharma R, McMiller TL, Chen S, Klein AP, Pardoll DM, Topalian SL, Chen L. Colocalization of inflammatory response with B7–h1 expression in human melanocytic lesions supports an adaptive resistance mechanism of immune escape. Sci Transl Med. 2012;4(127):127ra37.
69.
Pauken KE, Sammons MA, Odorizzi PM, Manne S, Godec J, Khan O, Drake AM, Chen Z, Sen DR, Kurachi M, Barnitz RA, Bartman C, Bengsch B, Huang AC, Schenkel JM, Vahedi G, Haining WN, Berger SL, Wherry EJ. Epigenetic stability of exhausted T cells limits durability of reinvigoration by PD-1 blockade. Science. 2016;354(6316):1160–5.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
70.
Sen DR, Kaminski J, Barnitz RA, Kurachi M, Gerdemann U, Yates KB, Tsao HW, Godec J, LaFleur MW, Brown FD, Tonnerre P, Chung RT, Tully DC, Allen TM, Frahm N, Lauer GM, Wherry EJ, Yosef N, Haining WN. The epigenetic landscape of T cell exhaustion. Science. 2016;354(6316):1165–9.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
71.
Freed-Pastor WA, Lambert LJ, Ely ZA, Pattada NB, Bhutkar A, Eng G, Mercer KL, Garcia AP, Lin L, Rideout WM 3rd, Hwang WL, Schenkel JM, Jaeger AM, Bronson RT, Westcott PMK, Hether TD, Divakar P, Reeves JW, Deshpande V, Delorey T, Phillips D, Yilmaz OH, Regev A, Jacks T. The CD155/TIGIT axis promotes and maintains immune evasion in neoantigen-expressing pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell. 2021;39(10):1342–1360 e14.
72.
73.
Blake SJ, Dougall WC, Miles JJ, Teng MW, Smyth MJ. Molecular Pathways: Targeting CD96 and TIGIT for Cancer Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(21):5183–8.PubMedCrossRef
74.
O’Donnell JS, Teng MWL, Smyth MJ. Cancer immunoediting and resistance to T cell-based immunotherapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2019;16(3):151–67.PubMedCrossRef
75.
Blake SJ, Stannard K, Liu J, Allen S, Yong MC, Mittal D, Aguilera AR, Miles JJ, Lutzky VP, de Andrade LF, Martinet L, Colonna M, Takeda K, Kuhnel F, Gurlevik E, Bernhardt G, Teng MW, Smyth MJ. Suppression of Metastases Using a New Lymphocyte Checkpoint Target for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancer Discov. 2016;6(4):446–59.PubMedCrossRef
76.
Harjunpaa H, Blake SJ, Ahern E, Allen S, Liu J, Yan J, Lutzky V, Takeda K, Aguilera AR, Guillerey C, Mittal D, Li XY, Dougall WC, Smyth MJ, Teng MWL. Deficiency of host CD96 and PD-1 or TIGIT enhances tumor immunity without significantly compromising immune homeostasis. Oncoimmunology. 2018;7(7): e1445949.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
77.
78.
Chow A, Perica K, Klebanoff CA, Wolchok JD. Clinical implications of T cell exhaustion for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2022;19(12):775–90.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Peng DH, Rodriguez BL, Diao L, Chen L, Wang J, Byers LA, Wei Y, Chapman H.A, Yamauchi M, Behrens C, Raso G, Soto LMS, Cuentes ERP, Wistuba II, Kurie JM, Gibbons DL. Collagen promotes anti-PD-1/PD-L1 resistance in cancer through LAIR1-dependent CD8(+) T cell exhaustion. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):4520.
80.
Tabana Y, Moon TC, Siraki A, Elahi S, Barakat K. Reversing T-cell exhaustion in immunotherapy: a review on current approaches and limitations. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2021;25(5):347–63.PubMedCrossRef
81.
Zebley CC, Youngblood B. Mechanisms of T cell exhaustion guiding next-generation immunotherapy. Trends Cancer. 2022;8(9):726–34.PubMedCrossRef
82.
Kirchhammer N, Trefny MP, Auf der Maur P, Laubli H, Zippelius A. Combination cancer immunotherapies: Emerging treatment strategies adapted to the tumor microenvironment. Sci Transl Med. 2022;14(670):eabo3605.
83.
Galon J, Bruni D. Approaches to treat immune hot, altered and cold tumours with combination immunotherapies. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2019;18(3):197–218.PubMedCrossRef
84.
85.
McLane LM, Abdel-Hakeem MS, Wherry EJ. CD8 T Cell Exhaustion During Chronic Viral Infection and Cancer. Annu Rev Immunol. 2019;37:457–95.PubMedCrossRef
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
Caratelli V, Di Meo E, Colozza N, Fabiani L, Fiore L, Moscone D, Arduini F. Nanomaterials and paper-based electrochemical devices: merging strategies for fostering sustainable detection of biomarkers. J Mater Chem B. 2022;10(44):9021–39. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1039/​d2tb00387b.
92.
Lan H, Zhang W, Jin K, Liu Y, Wang Z. Modulating barriers of tumor microenvironment through nanocarrier systems for improved cancer immunotherapy: a review of current status and future perspective. Drug Deliv. 2020;27(1):1248–62.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
93.
Han B, Song Y, Park J, Doh J. Nanomaterials to improve cancer immunotherapy based on ex vivo engineered T cells and NK cells. J Control Release. 2022;343:379–91.PubMedCrossRef
94.
Hou X, Tao Y, Pang Y, Li X, Jiang G, Liu Y. Nanoparticle-based photothermal and photodynamic immunotherapy for tumor treatment. Int J Cancer. 2018;143(12):3050–60.PubMedCrossRef
95.
96.
97.
98.
Kwon J, Choi WJ, Jeong U, Jung W, Hwang I, Park KH, Ko SG, Park SM, Kotov NA, Yeom J. Recent advances in chiral nanomaterials with unique electric and magnetic properties. Nano convergence. 2022;9(1):32.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
99.
Yu XT, Sui SY, He YX, Yu CH, Peng Q. Nanomaterials-based photosensitizers and delivery systems for photodynamic cancer therapy. Biomater Adv. 2022;135: 212725.PubMedCrossRef
100.
101.
102.
Sang W, Zhang Z, Dai Y, Chen X. Recent advances in nanomaterial-based synergistic combination cancer immunotherapy. Chem Soc Rev. 2019;48(14):3771–810.PubMedCrossRef
103.
104.
Zang X, Zhao X, Hu H, Qiao M, Deng Y, Chen D. Nanoparticles for tumor immunotherapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2017;115:243–56.PubMedCrossRef
105.
Le QV, Suh J, Oh YK. Nanomaterial-Based Modulation of Tumor Microenvironments for Enhancing Chemo/Immunotherapy. AAPS J. 2019;21(4):64.PubMedCrossRef
106.
Lakshmanan VK, Jindal S, Packirisamy G, Ojha S, Lian S, Kaushik A, Alzarooni A, Metwally YAF, Thyagarajan SP, Do Jung Y, Chouaib S. Nanomedicine-based cancer immunotherapy: recent trends and future perspectives. Cancer Gene Ther. 2021;28(9):911-923.
107.
Gong N, Sheppard NC, Billingsley MM, June CH, Mitchell MJ. Nanomaterials for T-cell cancer immunotherapy. Nat Nanotechnol. 2021;16(1):25–36.PubMedCrossRef
108.
Gao L, Li J, Song T. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid-based nanoparticles as delivery systems for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Front Chem. 2022;10: 973666.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
109.
Su Y, Zhang B, Sun R, Liu W, Zhu Q, Zhang X, Wang R, Chen C. PLGA-based biodegradable microspheres in drug delivery: recent advances in research and application. Drug Deliv. 2021;28(1):1397–418.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
110.
Ding D, Zhu Q. Recent advances of PLGA micro/nanoparticles for the delivery of biomacromolecular therapeutics. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2018;92:1041–60.PubMedCrossRef
111.
Gu P, Wusiman A, Wang S, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Hu Y, Liu J, Wang D. Polyethylenimine-coated PLGA nanoparticles-encapsulated Angelica sinensis polysaccharide as an adjuvant to enhance immune responses. Carbohydr Polym. 2019;223: 115128.PubMedCrossRef
112.
Bharadwaz A, Jayasuriya AC. Recent trends in the application of widely used natural and synthetic polymer nanocomposites in bone tissue regeneration. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2020;110: 110698.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
113.
Hua Y, Su Y, Zhang H, Liu N, Wang Z, Gao X, Gao J, Zheng A. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microsphere production based on quality by design: a review. Drug Deliv. 2021;28(1):1342–55.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
114.
Wang Y, Qin B, Xia G, Choi SH. FDA’s Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Research Program and Regulatory Outcomes. AAPS J. 2021;23(4):92.PubMedCrossRef
115.
D'Souza AA, Shegokar R. Polyethylene glycol (PEG): a versatile polymer for pharmaceutical applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2016;13(9):1257-75.
116.
Cherng JY, Hou TY, Shih MF, Talsma H, Hennink WE. Polyurethane-based drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm. 2013;450(1–2):145–62.PubMedCrossRef
117.
Labet M, Thielemans W. Synthesis of polycaprolactone: a review. Chem Soc Rev. 2009;38(12):3484–504.PubMedCrossRef
118.
Linhart W, Peters F, Lehmann W, Schwarz K, Schilling AF, Amling M, Rueger JM, Epple M. Biologically and chemically optimized composites of carbonated apatite and polyglycolide as bone substitution materials. J Biomed Mater Res. 2001;54(2):162–71.PubMedCrossRef
119.
Hamidi M, Azadi A, Rafiei P. Hydrogel nanoparticles in drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2008;60(15):1638–49.PubMedCrossRef
120.
Gao W, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Zhang L. Nanoparticle-Hydrogel: A Hybrid Biomaterial System for Localized Drug Delivery. Ann Biomed Eng. 2016;44(6):2049–61.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
121.
Salatin S, Barar J, Barzegar-Jalali M, Adibkia K, Milani MA, Jelvehgari M. Hydrogel nanoparticles and nanocomposites for nasal drug/vaccine delivery. Arch Pharm Res. 2016;39(9):1181–92.PubMedCrossRef
122.
123.
Gouveia MG, Wesseler JP, Ramaekers J, Weder C, Scholten PBV, Bruns N. Polymersome-based protein drug delivery - quo vadis? Chem Soc Rev. 2023;52(2):728–78.PubMedCrossRef
124.
Rodriguez-Acosta GL, Hernandez-Montalban C, Vega-Razo MFS, Castillo-Rodriguez IO, Martinez-Garcia M. Polymer-dendrimer Hybrids as Carriers of Anticancer Agents. Curr Drug Targets. 2022;23(4):373–92.PubMedCrossRef
125.
Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhang N. Micelle-like nanoassemblies based on polymer-drug conjugates as an emerging platform for drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2012;9(7):805–22.PubMedCrossRef
126.
Zhao D, Zhu T, Li J, Cui L, Zhang Z, Zhuang X, Ding J. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based composite bone-substitute materials. Bioact Mater. 2021;6(2):346–60.PubMedCrossRef
127.
Swider E, Koshkina O, Tel J, Cruz LJ, de Vries IJM, Srinivas M. Customizing poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) particles for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater. 2018;73:38–51.PubMedCrossRef
128.
Butreddy A, Gaddam RP, Kommineni N, Dudhipala N, Voshavar C. PLGA/PLA-Based Long-Acting Injectable Depot Microspheres in Clinical Use: Production and Characterization Overview for Protein/Peptide Delivery. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(16):8884. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3390/​ijms22168884.
129.
Iranpour S, Nejati V, Delirezh N, Biparva P, Shirian S. Enhanced stimulation of anti-breast cancer T cells responses by dendritic cells loaded with poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticle encapsulated tumor antigens. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2016;35(1):168.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
130.
Kohnepoushi C, Nejati V, Delirezh N, Biparva P. Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid Nanoparticles Containing Human Gastric Tumor Lysates as Antigen Delivery Vehicles for Dendritic Cell-Based Antitumor Immunotherapy. Immunol Invest. 2019;48(8):794–808.PubMedCrossRef
131.
Chen Z, Zhang Q, Zeng L, Zhang J, Liu Z, Zhang M, Zhang X, Xu H, Song H, Tao C. Light-triggered OVA release based on CuS@poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid) nanoparticles for synergistic photothermal-immunotherapy of tumor. Pharmacol Res. 2020;158: 104902.PubMedCrossRef
132.
Wang F, Younis M, Luo Y, Zhang L, Yuan L. Iguratimod-encapsulating PLGA-NPs induce human multiple myeloma cell death via reactive oxygen species and Caspase-dependent signalling. Int Immunopharmacol. 2021;95: 107532.PubMedCrossRef
133.
134.
Dölen Y, Gileadi U, Chen JL, Valente M, Creemers JHA, Van Dinther EAW, van Riessen NK, Jäger E, Hruby M, Cerundolo V, Diken M, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. PLGA Nanoparticles Co-encapsulating NY-ESO-1 Peptides and IMM60 Induce Robust CD8 and CD4 T Cell and B Cell Responses. Front Immunol. 2021;12: 641703.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
135.
Lin W, Li C, Xu N, Watanabe M, Xue R, Xu A, Araki M, Sun R, Liu C, Nasu Y, Huang P. Dual-Functional PLGA Nanoparticles Co-Loaded with Indocyanine Green and Resiquimod for Prostate Cancer Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine. 2021;16:2775–87.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
136.
Koerner J, Horvath D, Herrmann VL, MacKerracher A, Gander B, Yagita H, Rohayem J, Groettrup M. PLGA-particle vaccine carrying TLR3/RIG-I ligand Riboxxim synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade for effective anti-cancer immunotherapy. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):2935.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
137.
Koerner J, Horvath D, Groettrup M. Harnessing Dendritic Cells for Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) Microspheres (PLGA MS)-Mediated Anti-tumor Therapy. Front Immunol. 2019;10:707.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
138.
Yang R, Xu J, Xu L, Sun X, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Peng R, Liu Z. Cancer Cell Membrane-Coated Adjuvant Nanoparticles with Mannose Modification for Effective Anticancer Vaccination. ACS Nano. 2018;12(6):5121–9.PubMedCrossRef
139.
Vasilakos JP, Tomai MA. The use of Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonists as vaccine adjuvants. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2013;12(7):809–19.PubMedCrossRef
140.
Xiong X, Zhao J, Pan J, Liu C, Guo X, Zhou S. Personalized Nanovaccine Coated with Calcinetin-Expressed Cancer Cell Membrane Antigen for Cancer Immunotherapy. Nano Lett. 2021;21(19):8418–25.PubMedCrossRef
141.
Farhood B, Najafi M, Mortezaee K. CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes in cancer immunotherapy: A review. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234(6):8509–21.PubMedCrossRef
142.
Peng Q, Qiu X, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Guo J, Peng H, Chen M, Fu YX, Tang H. PD-L1 on dendritic cells attenuates T cell activation and regulates response to immune checkpoint blockade. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):4835.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
143.
Yin T, Fan Q, Hu F, Ma X, Yin Y, Wang B, Kuang L, Hu X, Xu B, Wang Y. Engineered Macrophage-Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles with Enhanced PD-1 Expression Induce Immunomodulation for a Synergistic and Targeted Antiglioblastoma Activity. Nano Lett. 2022;22(16):6606–14.PubMedCrossRef
144.
Garizo AR, Castro F, Martins C, Almeida A, Dias TP, Fernardes F, Barrias CC, Bernardes N, Fialho AM, Sarmento B. p28-functionalized PLGA nanoparticles loaded with gefitinib reduce tumor burden and metastases formation on lung cancer. J Control Release. 2021;337:329–42.PubMedCrossRef
145.
Li Z, Xiong F, He J, Dai X, Wang G. Surface-functionalized, pH-responsive poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based microparticles for intranasal vaccine delivery: Effect of surface modification with chitosan and mannan. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2016;109:24–34.PubMedCrossRef
146.
Lee CK, Atibalentja DF, Yao LE, Park J, Kuruvilla S, Felsher DW. Anti-PD-L1 F(ab) Conjugated PEG-PLGA Nanoparticle Enhances Immune Checkpoint Therapy. Nanotheranostics. 2022;6(3):243–55.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
147.
Tang XD, Lü KL, Yu J, Du HJ, Fan CQ, Chen L. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of DC-targeting PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating heparanase CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell epitopes for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2022;71(12):2969-83. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1007/​s00262-022-03209-1. Epub 2022 May 12.
148.
Badiee P, Maritz MF, Thierry B. Glycogen kinase 3 inhibitor nanoformulation as an alternative strategy to inhibit PD-1 immune checkpoint. Int J Pharm. 2022;622: 121845.PubMedCrossRef
149.
Han S, Bi S, Guo T, Sun D, Zou Y, Wang L, Song L, Chu D, Liao A, Song X, Yu Z, Guo J. Nano co-delivery of Plumbagin and Dihydrotanshinone I reverses immunosuppressive TME of liver cancer. J Control Release. 2022;348:250–63.PubMedCrossRef
150.
Lee SE, Lee CM, Won JE, Jang GY, Lee JH, Park SH, Kang TH, Han HD, Park YM. Enhancement of anticancer immunity by immunomodulation of apoptotic tumor cells using annexin A5 protein-labeled nanocarrier system. Biomaterials. 2022;288: 121677.PubMedCrossRef
151.
Kumar P, Srivastava R. IR 820 dye encapsulated in polycaprolactone glycol chitosan: Poloxamer blend nanoparticles for photo immunotherapy for breast cancer. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2015;57:321–7.PubMedCrossRef
152.
Tang RZ, Liu ZZ, Gu SS, Liu XQ. Multiple local therapeutics based on nano-hydrogel composites in breast cancer treatment. J Mater Chem B. 2021;9(6):1521–35.PubMedCrossRef
153.
Ozkan SA, Dedeoglu A, Karadas Bakirhan N, Ozkan Y. Nanocarriers Used Most in Drug Delivery and Drug Release: Nanohydrogel, Chitosan, Graphene, and Solid Lipid. Turk J Pharm Sci. 2019;16(4):481–492.
154.
155.
Li Z, Li G, Xu J, Li C, Han S, Zhang C, Wu P, Lin Y, Wang C, Zhang J, Li X. Hydrogel Transformed from Nanoparticles for Prevention of Tissue Injury and Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Adv Mater. 2022;34(16): e2109178.PubMedCrossRef
156.
Jiang J, Kong X, Xie Y, Zou H, Tang Q, Ma D, Zhao X, He X, Xia A, Liu P. Potent anti-tumor immunostimulatory biocompatible nanohydrogel made from DNA. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2019;14(1):217.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
157.
Liu PS, Wang H, Li X, Chao T, Teav T, Christen S, Di Conza G, Cheng WC, Chou CH, Vavakova M, Muret C, Debackere K, Mazzone M, Huang HD, Fendt SM, Ivanisevic J, Ho PC. alpha-ketoglutarate orchestrates macrophage activation through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming. Nat Immunol. 2017;18(9):985–94.PubMedCrossRef
158.
Zhu L, Zhao Q, Yang T, Ding W, Zhao Y. Cellular metabolism and macrophage functional polarization. Int Rev Immunol. 2015;34(1):82–100.PubMedCrossRef
159.
Di Conza G, Tsai CH, Gallart-Ayala H, Yu YR, Franco F, Zaffalon L, Xie X, Li X, Xiao Z, Raines LN, Falquet M, Jalil A, Locasale JW, Percipalle P, Masson D, Huang SC, Martinon F, Ivanisevic J, Ho PC. Tumor-induced reshuffling of lipid composition on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane sustains macrophage survival and pro-tumorigenic activity. Nat Immunol. 2021;22(11):1403–15.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
160.
Chen Q, Wang C, Zhang X, Chen G, Hu Q, Li H, Wang J, Wen D, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Yang G, Jiang C, Wang J, Dotti G, Gu Z. In situ sprayed bioresponsive immunotherapeutic gel for post-surgical cancer treatment. Nat Nanotechnol. 2019;14(1):89–97.PubMedCrossRef
161.
You L, Wu W, Wang X, Fang L, Adam V, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Kuca K. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in tumor immune evasion. Med Res Rev. 2021;41(3):1622–43.PubMedCrossRef
162.
Chen HM, van der Touw W, Wang YS, Kang K, Mai S, Zhang J, Alsina-Beauchamp D, Duty JA, Mungamuri SK, Zhang B, Moran T, Flavell R, Aaronson S, Hu HM, Arase H, Ramanathan S, Flores R, Pan PY, Chen SH. Blocking immunoinhibitory receptor LILRB2 reprograms tumor-associated myeloid cells and promotes antitumor immunity. J Clin Invest. 2018;128(12):5647–62.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
163.
Zhao J, Ye H, Lu Q, Wang K, Chen X, Song J, Wang H, Lu Y, Cheng M, He Z, Zhai Y, Zhang H, Sun J. Inhibition of post-surgery tumour recurrence via a sprayable chemo-immunotherapy gel releasing PD-L1 antibody and platelet-derived small EVs. J Nanobiotechnology. 2022;20(1):62.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
164.
Jin H, Wan C, Zou Z, Zhao G, Zhang L, Geng Y, Chen T, Huang A, Jiang F, Feng JP, Lovell JF, Chen J, Wu G, Yang K. Tumor Ablation and Therapeutic Immunity Induction by an Injectable Peptide Hydrogel. ACS Nano. 2018;12(4):3295–310.PubMedCrossRef
165.
Nam GH, Lee EJ, Kim YK, Hong Y, Choi Y, Ryu MJ, Woo J, Cho Y, Ahn DJ, Yang Y, Kwon IC, Park SY, Kim IS. Combined Rho-kinase inhibition and immunogenic cell death triggers and propagates immunity against cancer. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):2165.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
166.
167.
Rafiei P, Haddadi A. Docetaxel-loaded PLGA and PLGA-PEG nanoparticles for intravenous application: pharmacokinetics and biodistribution profile. Int J Nanomedicine. 2017;12:935–47.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
168.
Chen M, Tan Y, Hu J, Jiang Y, Wang Z, Liu Z, Chen Q. Injectable Immunotherapeutic Thermogel for Enhanced Immunotherapy Post Tumor Radiofrequency Ablation. Small. 2021;17(52): e2104773.PubMedCrossRef
169.
Zhang W, Bao B, Jiang F, Zhang Y, Zhou R, Lu Y, Lin S, Lin Q, Jiang X, Zhu L. Promoting Oral Mucosal Wound Healing with a Hydrogel Adhesive Based on a Phototriggered S-Nitrosylation Coupling Reaction. Adv Mater. 2021;33(48): e2105667.PubMedCrossRef
170.
Reig-Vano B, Tylkowski B, Montane X, Giamberini M. Alginate-based hydrogels for cancer therapy and research. Int J Biol Macromol. 2021;170:424–36.PubMedCrossRef
171.
Cao Y, Liu S, Ma Y, Ma L, Zu M, Sun J, Dai F, Duan L, Xiao B. Oral Nanomotor-Enabled Mucus Traverse and Tumor Penetration for Targeted Chemo-Sono-Immunotherapy against Colon Cancer. Small. 2022;18(42): e2203466.PubMedCrossRef
172.
Dzobo K, Sinkala M. Cancer Stem Cell Marker CD44 Plays Multiple Key Roles in Human Cancers: Immune Suppression/Evasion Drug Resistance, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and Metastasis. OMICS. 2021;25(5):313–32.PubMedCrossRef
173.
Fu C, Xiao X, Xu H, Lu W, Wang Y. Efficacy of atovaquone on EpCAM(+)CD44(+) HCT-116 human colon cancer stem cells under hypoxia. Exp Ther Med. 2020;20(6):286.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
174.
Liu X, Taftaf R, Kawaguchi M, Chang YF, Chen W, Entenberg D, Zhang Y, Gerratana L, Huang S, Patel DB, Tsui E, Adorno-Cruz V, Chirieleison SM, Cao Y, Harney AS, Patel S, Patsialou A, Shen Y, Avril S, Gilmore HL, Lathia JD, Abbott DW, Cristofanilli M, Condeelis JS, Liu H. Homophilic CD44 Interactions Mediate Tumor Cell Aggregation and Polyclonal Metastasis in Patient-Derived Breast Cancer Models. Cancer Discov. 2019;9(1):96–113.PubMedCrossRef
175.
176.
Amin M, Lammers T, Ten Hagen TLM. Temperature-sensitive polymers to promote heat-triggered drug release from liposomes: Towards bypassing EPR. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;189: 114503.PubMedCrossRef
177.
De Leo V, Maurelli AM, Giotta L, Catucci L. Liposomes containing nanoparticles: preparation and applications, Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces. 2022;218: 112737.PubMedCrossRef
178.
Satta S, Shahabipour F, Gao W, Lentz SR, Perlman S, Ashammakhi N, Hsiai T. Engineering viral genomics and nano-liposomes in microfluidic platforms for patient-specific analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Theranostics. 2022;12(10):4779–90.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
179.
Shah S, Dhawan V, Holm R, Nagarsenker MS, Perrie Y. Liposomes: Advancements and innovation in the manufacturing process. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;154–155:102–22.PubMedCrossRef
180.
Guimaraes D, Cavaco-Paulo A, Nogueira E. Design of liposomes as drug delivery system for therapeutic applications. Int J Pharm. 2021;601: 120571.PubMedCrossRef
181.
Suhaimi NAA, Ahmad S, Husna SMN, Elena Sarmiento M, Acosta A, Norazmi MN, Ibrahim J, Mohamud R, Kadir R. Application of liposomes in the treatment of infectious diseases. Life Sci. 2022; 305:120734.
182.
Wang Z, Li J, Lin G, He Z, Wang Y. Metal complex-based liposomes: Applications and prospects in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. J Control Release. 2022;348:1066–88.PubMedCrossRef
183.
Yuan Z, Gottsacker C, He X, Waterkotte T, Park YC. Repetitive drug delivery using Light-Activated liposomes for potential antimicrobial therapies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;187: 114395.PubMedCrossRef
184.
Shen F, Feng L, Zhu Y, Tao D, Xu J, Peng R, Liu Z. Oxaliplatin-/NLG919 prodrugs-constructed liposomes for effective chemo-immunotherapy of colorectal cancer. Biomaterials. 2020;255: 120190.PubMedCrossRef
185.
Kateh Shamshiri M, Jaafari MR, Badiee A. Preparation of liposomes containing IFN-gamma and their potentials in cancer immunotherapy: In vitro and in vivo studies in a colon cancer mouse model. Life Sci. 2021;264:118605.
186.
Hu M, Zhang J, Kong L, Yu Y, Hu Q, Yang T, Wang Y, Tu K, Qiao Q, Qin X, Zhang Z. Immunogenic Hybrid Nanovesicles of Liposomes and Tumor-Derived Nanovesicles for Cancer Immunochemotherapy. ACS Nano. 2021;15(2):3123–38.PubMedCrossRef
187.
Su Q, Wang C, Song H, Zhang C, Liu J, Huang P, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang W. Co-delivery of anionic epitope/CpG vaccine and IDO inhibitor by self-assembled cationic liposomes for combination melanoma immunotherapy. J Mater Chem B. 2021;9(18):3892–9.PubMedCrossRef
188.
Li J, Zhou S, Yu J, Cai W, Yang Y, Kuang X, Liu H, He Z, Wang Y. Low dose shikonin and anthracyclines coloaded liposomes induce robust immunogenetic cell death for synergistic chemo-immunotherapy. J Control Release. 2021;335:306–19.PubMedCrossRef
189.
Cheng L, Zhang X, Tang J, Lv Q, Liu J. Gene-engineered exosomes-thermosensitive liposomes hybrid nanovesicles by the blockade of CD47 signal for combined photothermal therapy and cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials. 2021;275: 120964.PubMedCrossRef
190.
Won JE, Wi TI, Lee CM, Lee JH, Kang TH, Lee JW, Shin BC, Lee Y, Park YM, Han HD. NIR irradiation-controlled drug release utilizing injectable hydrogels containing gold-labeled liposomes for the treatment of melanoma cancer. Acta Biomater. 2021;136:508–18.PubMedCrossRef
191.
Wang Y, Wang Z, Jia F, Xu Q, Shu Z, Deng J, Li A, Yu M, Yu Z. CXCR4-guided liposomes regulating hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment for sorafenib-resistant tumor treatment. Bioact Mater. 2022;17:147–61.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
192.
193.
Gao C, Cheng K, Li Y, Gong R, Zhao X, Nie G, Ren H. Injectable Immunotherapeutic Hydrogel Containing RNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Reshapes Tumor Microenvironment for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy. Nano Lett. 2022;22(22):8801–9.PubMedCrossRef
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
Scioli Montoto S, Muraca G, Ruiz ME. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery: Pharmacological and Biopharmaceutical Aspects. Front Mol Biosci. 2020;7:587997.
200.
Samaridou E, Heyes J, Lutwyche P. Lipid nanoparticles for nucleic acid delivery: Current perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;154–155:37–63.PubMedCrossRef
201.
Eygeris Y, Gupta M, Kim J, Sahay G. Chemistry of Lipid Nanoparticles for RNA Delivery. Acc Chem Res. 2022;55(1):2–12.PubMedCrossRef
202.
Almeida AJ, Souto E. Solid lipid nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for peptides and proteins. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007;59(6):478–90.PubMedCrossRef
203.
Kedmi R, Ben-Arie N, Peer D. The systemic toxicity of positively charged lipid nanoparticles and the role of Toll-like receptor 4 in immune activation. Biomaterials. 2010;31(26):6867–75.PubMedCrossRef
204.
Hu Z, Ott PA, Wu CJ. Towards personalized, tumour-specific, therapeutic vaccines for cancer. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018;18(3):168–82.PubMedCrossRef
205.
Oberli MA, Reichmuth AM, Dorkin JR, Mitchell MJ, Fenton OS, Jaklenec A, Anderson DG, Langer R, Blankschtein D. Lipid Nanoparticle Assisted mRNA Delivery for Potent Cancer Immunotherapy. Nano Lett. 2017;17(3):1326–35.PubMedCrossRef
206.
207.
Chen J, Ye Z, Huang C, Qiu M, Song D, Li Y, Xu Q. Lipid nanoparticle-mediated lymph node-targeting delivery of mRNA cancer vaccine elicits robust CD8(+) T cell response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022;119(34): e2207841119.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
208.
Liu JQ, Zhang C, Zhang X, Yan J, Zeng C, Talebian F, Lynch K, Zhao W, Hou X, Du S, Kang DD, Deng B, McComb DW, Bai XF, Dong Y. Intratumoral delivery of IL-12 and IL-27 mRNA using lipid nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release. 2022;345:306–13.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
209.
Kheirolomoom A, Kare AJ, Ingham ES, Paulmurugan R, Robinson ER, Baikoghli M, Inayathullah M, Seo JW, Wang J, Fite BZ, Wu B, Tumbale SK, Raie MN, Cheng RH, Nichols L, Borowsky AD, Ferrara KW. In situ T-cell transfection by anti-CD3-conjugated lipid nanoparticles leads to T-cell activation, migration, and phenotypic shift. Biomaterials. 2022;281: 121339.PubMedCrossRef
210.
Mantovani A, Dinarello CA, Molgora M, Garlanda C. Interleukin-1 and Related Cytokines in the Regulation of Inflammation and Immunity. Immunity. 2019;50(4):778–95.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
211.
212.
Gómez-Aguado I, Rodríguez-Castejón J, Vicente-Pascual M, Rodríguez-Gascón A, Solinís MÁ, Del Pozo-Rodríguez A. Nanomedicines to Deliver mRNA: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020;10(2):364. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3390/​nano10020364.
213.
Ling JKU, Chan YS, Nandong J. Insights into the release mechanisms of antioxidants from nanoemulsion droplets. J Food Sci Technol. 2022;59(5):1677–91.PubMedCrossRef
214.
Roy A, Nishchaya K, Rai VK. Nanoemulsion-based dosage forms for the transdermal drug delivery applications: A review of recent advances. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2022;19(3):303–19.PubMedCrossRef
215.
216.
Nirale P, Paul A, Yadav KS. Nanoemulsions for targeting the neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s and Prion’s. Life Sci. 2020;245: 117394.PubMedCrossRef
217.
Garcia CR, Malik MH, Biswas S, Tam VH, Rumbaugh KP, Li W, Liu X. Nanoemulsion delivery systems for enhanced efficacy of antimicrobials and essential oils. Biomater Sci. 2022;10(3):633–53.PubMedCrossRef
218.
Kupikowska-Stobba B, Kasprzak M. Fabrication of nanoparticles for bone regeneration: new insight into applications of nanoemulsion technology. J Mater Chem B. 2021;9(26):5221–44.PubMedCrossRef
219.
Ho TM, Abik F, Mikkonen KS. An overview of nanoemulsion characterization via atomic force microscopy. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(18):4908–28.PubMedCrossRef
220.
Das AK, Nanda PK, Bandyopadhyay S, Banerjee R, Biswas S, McClements DJ. Application of nanoemulsion-based approaches for improving the quality and safety of muscle foods: A comprehensive review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2020;19(5):2677–700.PubMedCrossRef
221.
222.
Zeng B, Middelberg AP, Gemiarto A, MacDonald K, Baxter AG, Talekar M, Moi D, Tullett KM, Caminschi I, Lahoud MH, Mazzieri R, Dolcetti R, Thomas R. Self-adjuvanting nanoemulsion targeting dendritic cell receptor Clec9A enables antigen-specific immunotherapy. J Clin Invest. 2018;128(5):1971–84.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
223.
Kim SY, Kim S, Kim JE, Lee SN, Shin IW, Shin HS, Jin SM, Noh YW, Kang YJ, Kim YS, Kang TH, Park YM, Lim YT. Lyophilizable and Multifaceted Toll-like Receptor 7/8 Agonist-Loaded Nanoemulsion for the Reprogramming of Tumor Microenvironments and Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS Nano. 2019;13(11):12671–86.PubMedCrossRef
224.
Zhang X, Huang Y, Li X, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Li M. Preparation of a new combination nanoemulsion-encapsulated MAGE1-MAGE3-MAGEn/HSP70 vaccine and study of its immunotherapeutic effect. Pathol Res Pract. 2020;216(6): 152954.PubMedCrossRef
225.
Liu C, Lai H, Chen T. Boosting Natural Killer Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy with Selenocystine/Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Inhibitor-Encapsulated Nanoemulsion. ACS Nano. 2020;14(9):11067–82.PubMedCrossRef
226.
Jia L, Pang M, Fan M, Tan X, Wang Y, Huang M, Liu Y, Wang Q, Zhu Y, Yang X. A pH-responsive Pickering Nanoemulsion for specified spatial delivery of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and Chemotherapy agent to Tumors. Theranostics. 2020;10(22):9956–69.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
227.
Zhang Y, Liao Y, Tang Q, Lin J, Huang P. Biomimetic Nanoemulsion for Synergistic Photodynamic-Immunotherapy Against Hypoxic Breast Tumor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2021;60(19):10647–53.PubMedCrossRef
228.
Koh J, Kim S, Lee SN, Kim SY, Kim JE, Lee KY, Kim MS, Heo JY, Park YM, Ku BM, Sun JM, Lee SH, Ahn JS, Park K, Yang S, Ha SJ, Lim YT, Ahn MJ. Therapeutic efficacy of cancer vaccine adjuvanted with nanoemulsion loaded with TLR7/8 agonist in lung cancer model. Nanomedicine. 2021;37: 102415.PubMedCrossRef
229.
Rodrigues MC, de Sousa Júnior WT, Mundim T, Vale CLC, de Oliveira JV, Ganassin R, Pacheco TJA, Vasconcelos Morais JA, Longo JPF, Azevedo RB, Muehlmann LA. Induction of Immunogenic Cell Death by Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Aluminum-Phthalocyanine in Nanoemulsion. Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(1):196. https://​doi.​org/​10.​3390/​pharmaceutics140​10196.
230.
Rodrigues MC, Vieira LG, Horst FH, de Araujo EC, Ganassin R, Merker C, Meyer T, Bottner J, Venus T, Longo JPF, Chaves SB, Garcia MP, Estrela-Lopis I, Azevedo RB, Muehlmann LA. Photodynamic therapy mediated by aluminium-phthalocyanine nanoemulsion eliminates primary tumors and pulmonary metastases in a murine 4T1 breast adenocarcinoma model. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2020;204: 111808.PubMedCrossRef
231.
Li Y, Younis MH, Wang H, Zhang J, Cai W, Ni D. Spectral computed tomography with inorganic nanomaterials: State-of-the-art. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022;189: 114524.PubMedCrossRef
232.
233.
234.
Dong Y, Gao J, Pei M, Wang X, Zhang C, Du Y, Jiang Y. Antigen-Conjugated Silica Solid Sphere as Nanovaccine for Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:2685–97.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
235.
Lee JY, Kim MK, Nguyen TL, Kim J. Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Extra-Large Mesopores for Enhanced Cancer Vaccine. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12(31):34658–66.PubMedCrossRef
236.
Chen YP, Xu L, Tang TW, Chen CH, Zheng QH, Liu TP, Mou CY, Wu CH, Wu SH. STING Activator c-di-GMP-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Enhance Immunotherapy Against Breast Cancer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12(51):56741–52.PubMedCrossRef
237.
Zhao P, Qiu L, Zhou S, Li L, Qian Z, Zhang H. Cancer Cell Membrane Camouflaged Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Combined with Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Regulating Tumor Microenvironment and Enhancing Antitumor Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine. 2021;16:2107–21.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
238.
Yang L, Li F, Cao Y, Liu Q, Jing G, Niu J, Sun F, Qian Y, Wang S, Li A. Multifunctional silica nanocomposites prime tumoricidal immunity for efficient cancer immunotherapy. J Nanobiotechnol. 2021;19(1):328.CrossRef
239.
Wang X, Li X, Ito A, Sogo Y, Ohno T. Synergistic anti-tumor efficacy of a hollow mesoporous silica-based cancer vaccine and an immune checkpoint inhibitor at the local site. Acta Biomater. 2022;145:235–45.PubMedCrossRef
240.
Hou L, Tian C, Yan Y, Zhang L, Zhang H, Zhang Z. Manganese-Based Nanoactivator Optimizes Cancer Immunotherapy via Enhancing Innate Immunity. ACS Nano. 2020;14(4):3927–40.PubMedCrossRef
241.
Liu Y, Wang Y, Song S, Zhang H. Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy Mediated by Metal Phosphorus-Based Nanomaterials. Adv Mater. 2021;33(49): e2103936.PubMedCrossRef
242.
Qing S, Lyu C, Zhu L, Pan C, Wang S, Li F, Wang J, Yue H, Gao X, Jia R, Wei W, Ma G. Biomineralized Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Potentiate Safe and Efficient Tumor Microenvironment Reprogramming for Anticancer Therapy. Adv Mater. 2020;32(47): e2002085.PubMedCrossRef
243.
Sun X, Zhang Y, Li J, Park KS, Han K, Zhou X, Xu Y, Nam J, Xu J, Shi X, Wei L, Lei YL, Moon JJ. Amplifying STING activation by cyclic dinucleotide-manganese particles for local and systemic cancer metalloimmunotherapy. Nat Nanotechnol. 2021;16(11):1260–70.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
244.
Gan J, Du G, He C, Jiang M, Mou X, Xue J, Sun X. Tumor cell membrane enveloped aluminum phosphate nanoparticles for enhanced cancer vaccination. J Control Release. 2020;326:297–309.PubMedCrossRef
245.
246.
Honda-Okubo Y, Cartee RT, Thanawastien A, Seung Yang J, Killeen KP, Petrovsky N. A typhoid fever protein capsular matrix vaccine candidate formulated with Advax-CpG adjuvant induces a robust and durable anti-typhoid Vi polysaccharide antibody response in mice, rabbits and nonhuman primates. Vaccine. 2022;40(32):4625-4634.
247.
Zhou S, Shang Q, Ji J, Luan Y. A Nanoplatform to Amplify Apoptosis-to-Pyroptosis Immunotherapy via Immunomodulation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021;13(40):47407–17.PubMedCrossRef
248.
249.
250.
251.
Hartmann FJ, Mrdjen D, McCaffrey E, Glass DR, Greenwald NF, Bharadwaj A, Khair Z, Verberk SGS, Baranski A, Baskar R, Graf W, Van Valen D, Van den Bossche J, Angelo M, Bendall SC. Single-cell metabolic profiling of human cytotoxic T cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2021;39(2):186–97.PubMedCrossRef
252.
Yang Y, Liu B, Liu Y, Chen J, Sun Y, Pan X, Xu J, Xu S, Liu Z, Tan W. DNA-Based MXFs to Enhance Radiotherapy and Stimulate Robust Antitumor Immune Responses. Nano Lett. 2022;22(7):2826–34.PubMedCrossRef
253.
Deng R, Zheng H, Cai H, Li M, Shi Y, Ding S. Effects of helicobacter pylori on tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy responses. Front Immunol. 2022;13: 923477.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
254.
Lu Y, Ma S, Ding W, Sun P, Zhou Q, Duan Y, Sartorius K. Resident Immune Cells of the Liver in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Oncol. 2022;12: 931995.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
255.
Zhang Y, Fang F, Li L, Zhang J. Self-Assembled Organic Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery Bioimaging, and Cancer Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2020;6(9):4816–33.PubMedCrossRef
256.
Zeng Y, Nixon RL, Liu W, Wang R. The applications of functionalized DNA nanostructures in bioimaging and cancer therapy. Biomaterials. 2021;268: 120560.PubMedCrossRef
257.
Ghalkhani M, Kaya SI, Bakirhan NK, Ozkan Y, Ozkan SA. Application of Nanomaterials in Development of Electrochemical Sensors and Drug Delivery Systems for Anticancer Drugs and Cancer Biomarkers. Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2022;52(3):481–503.PubMedCrossRef
258.
259.
Fan M, Han Y, Gao S, Yan H, Cao L, Li Z, Liang XJ, Zhang J. Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles in cancer diagnosis and therapy. Theranostics. 2020;10(11):4944–57.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
260.
Feng R, Yu F, Xu J, Hu X. Knowledge gaps in immune response and immunotherapy involving nanomaterials: Databases and artificial intelligence for material design. Biomaterials. 2021;266: 120469.PubMedCrossRef
261.
Pomeroy AE, Schmidt EV, Sorger PK, Palmer AC. Drug independence and the curability of cancer by combination chemotherapy. Trends Cancer. 2022;8(11):915–29.PubMedCrossRef
262.
Dias MP, Moser SC, Ganesan S, Jonkers J. Understanding and overcoming resistance to PARP inhibitors in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2021;18(12):773–91.PubMedCrossRef
263.
264.
Perez-Herrero E, Fernandez-Medarde A. Advanced targeted therapies in cancer: Drug nanocarriers, the future of chemotherapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2015;93:52–79.PubMedCrossRef
265.
Kroschinsky F, Stolzel F, von Bonin S, Beutel G, Kochanek M, Kiehl M, Schellongowski P, H. Intensive Care in, G. Oncological Patients Collaborative, New drugs, new toxicities: severe side effects of modern targeted and immunotherapy of cancer and their management. Crit Care. 2017;21(1): 89.
266.
Schmiegelow K, Attarbaschi A, Barzilai S, Escherich G, Frandsen TL, Halsey C, Hough R, Jeha S, Kato M, Liang DC, Mikkelsen TS, Moricke A, Niinimaki R, Piette C, Putti MC, Raetz E, Silverman LB, Skinner R, Tuckuviene R, van der Sluis I, Zapotocka E, Ponte di Legno G, toxicity working. Consensus definitions of 14 severe acute toxic effects for childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia treatment: a Delphi consensus. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17(6): e231-e239.
267.
Basu S, Dong Y, Kumar R, Jeter C, Tang DG. Slow-cycling (dormant) cancer cells in therapy resistance, cancer relapse and metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol. 2022;78:90–103.PubMedCrossRef
268.
Ren X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li Z, Siemers N, Zhang Z. Insights Gained from Single-Cell Analysis of Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. Annu Rev Immunol. 2021;39:583–609.PubMedCrossRef
269.
270.
271.
Sahin U, Tureci O. Personalized vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. Science. 2018;359(6382):1355–60.PubMedCrossRef
272.
273.
Finn RS, Qin S, Ikeda M, Galle PR, Ducreux M, Kim TY, Kudo M, Breder V, Merle P, Kaseb AO, Li D, Verret W, Xu DZ, Hernandez S, Liu J, Huang C, Mulla S, Wang Y, Lim HY, Zhu AX, Cheng AL, Investigators IM. Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(20):1894–905.PubMedCrossRef
274.
Robert C, Schachter J,  Long GV, Arance A, Grob JJ, Mortier L, Daud A, Carlino MS, McNeil C, Lotem M, Larkin J, Lorigan P, Neyns B, Blank CU, Hamid O, Mateus C, Shapira-Frommer R, Kosh M, Zhou H, Ibrahim N, Ebbinghaus S, Ribas A, K.-investigators. Pembrolizumab versus Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma. N Engl J Med. 2015; 372(26): 2521-32.
275.
Goebeler ME, Knop S, Viardot A, Kufer P, Topp MS, Einsele H, Noppeney R, Hess G, Kallert S, Mackensen A, Rupertus K, Kanz L, Libicher M, Nagorsen D, Zugmaier G, Klinger M, Wolf A, Dorsch B, Quednau BD, Schmidt M, Scheele J, Baeuerle PA, Leo E, Bargou RC. Bispecific T-Cell Engager (BiTE) Antibody Construct Blinatumomab for the Treatment of Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Final Results From a Phase I Study. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34(10):1104–11.PubMedCrossRef
276.
Maali A, Gholizadeh M, Feghhi-Najafabadi S, Noei A, Seyed-Motahari SS, Mansoori S, Sharifzadeh Z. Nanobodies in cell-mediated immunotherapy: On the road to fight cancer. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1012841.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
277.
Yi M, Zheng X, Niu M, Zhu S, Ge H, Wu K. Combination strategies with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: current advances and future directions. Mol Cancer. 2022;21(1):28.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
278.
Routy B, Le Chatelier E, Derosa L, Duong CPM, Alou MT, Daillere R, Fluckiger A, Messaoudene M, Rauber C, Roberti MP, Fidelle M, Flament C, Poirier-Colame V, Opolon P, Klein C, Iribarren K, Mondragon L, Jacquelot N, Qu B, Ferrere G, Clemenson C, Mezquita L, Masip JR, Naltet C, Brosseau S, Kaderbhai C, Richard C, Rizvi H, Levenez F, Galleron N, Quinquis B, Pons N, Ryffel B, Minard-Colin V, Gonin P, Soria JC, Deutsch E, Loriot Y, Ghiringhelli F, Zalcman G, Goldwasser F, Escudier B, Hellmann MD, Eggermont A, Raoult D, Albiges L, Kroemer G, Zitvogel L. Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors. Science. 2018;359(6371):91–7.PubMedCrossRef
279.
Rowshanravan B, Halliday N, Sansom DM. CTLA-4: a moving target in immunotherapy. Blood. 2018;131(1):58–67.PubMedCrossRef
280.
Boutros C, Tarhini A, Routier E, Lambotte O, Ladurie FL, Carbonnel F, Izzeddine H, Marabelle A, Champiat S, Berdelou A, Lanoy E, Texier M, Libenciuc C, Eggermont AM, Soria JC, Mateus C, Robert C. Safety profiles of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies alone and in combination. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016;13(8):473–86.PubMedCrossRef
281.
Reck M, Remon J, Hellmann MD. First-Line Immunotherapy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40(6):586–97.PubMedCrossRef
282.
283.
Spain L, Diem S, Larkin J. Management of toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Treat Rev. 2016;44:51–60.PubMedCrossRef
284.
285.
286.
287.
Xu Q, Lan X, Lin H, Xi Q, Wang M, Quan X, et al. Tumor microenvironment-regulating nanomedicine design to fight multi-drug resistant tumors. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2023;15(1):e1842. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1002/​wnan.​1842. Epub 2022 Aug 21.
288.
Lee SS, Cheah YK. The Interplay between MicroRNAs and Cellular Components of Tumour Microenvironment (TME) on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Progression. J Immunol Res. 2019;2019:3046379.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
289.
290.
Jia C, Guo Y, Wu FG. Chemodynamic Therapy via Fenton and Fenton-Like Nanomaterials: Strategies and Recent Advances. Small. 2022;18(6): e2103868.PubMedCrossRef
291.
Luo L, Wang H, Tian W, Li X, Zhu Z, Huang R, Luo H. Targeting ferroptosis-based cancer therapy using nanomaterials: strategies and applications. Theranostics. 2021;11(20):9937–52.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
292.
Liu Y, Bhattarai P, Dai Z, Chen X. Photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging via nanotheranostics in fighting cancer. Chem Soc Rev. 2019;48(7):2053–108.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
293.
Ma W, Zhan Y, Zhang Y, Mao C, Xie X, Lin Y. The biological applications of DNA nanomaterials: current challenges and future directions. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021;6(1):351.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
294.
295.
Wang Y, Sun T, Jiang C. Nanodrug delivery systems for ferroptosis-based cancer therapy. J Control Release. 2022;344:289–301.PubMedCrossRef
296.
Qiao L, Yang H, Gao S, Li L, Fu X, Wei Q. Research progress on self-assembled nanodrug delivery systems. J Mater Chem B. 2022;10(12):1908–22.PubMedCrossRef
297.
298.
Ruman U, Fakurazi S, Masarudin MJ, Hussein MZ. Nanocarrier-Based Therapeutics and Theranostics Drug Delivery Systems for Next Generation of Liver Cancer Nanodrug Modalities. Int J Nanomedicine. 2020;15:1437–56.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
299.
Ding D, Zhong H, Liang R, Lan T, Zhu X, Huang S, Wang Y, Shao J, Shuai X, Wei B. Multifunctional Nanodrug Mediates Synergistic Photodynamic Therapy and MDSCs-Targeting Immunotherapy of Colon Cancer. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2021;8(14):e2100712.PubMedCrossRef
300.
Zhou Q, Ding W, Qian Z, Zhu Q, Sun C, Yu Q, Tai Z, Xu K. Immunotherapy Strategy Targeting Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 and CD73 with Macrophage-Derived Mimetic Nanovesicles to Treat Bladder Cancer. Mol Pharm. 2021;18(11):4015–28.PubMedCrossRef
301.
Shi Y, van der Meel R, Chen X, Lammers T. The EPR effect and beyond: Strategies to improve tumor targeting and cancer nanomedicine treatment efficacy. Theranostics. 2020;10(17):7921–4.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
302.
Danhier F. To exploit the tumor microenvironment: Since the EPR effect fails in the clinic, what is the future of nanomedicine? J Control Release. 2016;244(Pt A):108–21.PubMedCrossRef
303.
Park J, Choi Y, Chang H, Um W, Ryu JH, Kwon IC. Alliance with EPR Effect: Combined Strategies to Improve the EPR Effect in the Tumor Microenvironment. Theranostics. 2019;9(26):8073–90.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
304.
Ikeda-Imafuku M, Wang LL, Rodrigues D, Shaha S, Zhao Z, Mitragotri S. Strategies to improve the EPR effect: A mechanistic perspective and clinical translation. J Control Release. 2022;345:512–36.PubMedCrossRef
305.
Zheng Y, Stephan MT, Gai SA, Abraham W, Shearer A, Irvine DJ. In vivo targeting of adoptively transferred T-cells with antibody- and cytokine-conjugated liposomes. J Control Release. 2013;172(2):426–35.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
306.
Zheng Y, Tang L, Mabardi L, Kumari S, Irvine DJ. Enhancing Adoptive Cell Therapy of Cancer through Targeted Delivery of Small-Molecule Immunomodulators to Internalizing or Noninternalizing Receptors. ACS Nano. 2017;11(3):3089–100.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
307.
Schmid D, Park CG, Hartl CA, Subedi N, Cartwright AN, Puerto RB, Zheng Y, Maiarana J, Freeman GJ, Wucherpfennig KW, Irvine DJ, Goldberg MS. T cell-targeting nanoparticles focus delivery of immunotherapy to improve antitumor immunity. Nat Commun. 2017;8(1):1747.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
308.
Kosmides AK, Sidhom JW, Fraser A, Bessell CA, Schneck JP. Dual Targeting Nanoparticle Stimulates the Immune System To Inhibit Tumor Growth. ACS Nano. 2017;11(6):5417–29.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
309.
Zhang F, Stephan SB, Ene CI, Smith TT, Holland EC, Stephan MT. Nanoparticles That Reshape the Tumor Milieu Create a Therapeutic Window for Effective T-cell Therapy in Solid Malignancies. Cancer Res. 2018;78(13):3718–30.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
310.
Stephan SB, Taber AM, Jileaeva I, Pegues EP, Sentman CL, Stephan MT. Biopolymer implants enhance the efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy. Nat Biotechnol. 2015;33(1):97–101.PubMedCrossRef
311.
Reinhard K, Rengstl B, Oehm P, Michel K, Billmeier A, Hayduk N, Klein O, Kuna K, Ouchan Y, Woll S, Christ E, Weber D, Suchan M, Bukur T, Birtel M, Jahndel V, Mroz K, Hobohm K, Kranz L, Diken M, Kuhlcke K, Tureci O, Sahin U. An RNA vaccine drives expansion and efficacy of claudin-CAR-T cells against solid tumors. Science. 2020;367(6476):446–53.PubMedCrossRef
312.
Zuckerman JE, Gritli I, Tolcher A, Heidel JD, Lim D, Morgan R, Chmielowski B, Ribas A, Davis ME, Yen Y. Correlating animal and human phase Ia/Ib clinical data with CALAA-01, a targeted, polymer-based nanoparticle containing siRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111(31):11449–54.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
313.
Ishikawa T, Kageyama S, Miyahara Y, Okayama T, Kokura S, Wang L, Sato E, Yagita H, Itoh Y, Shiku H. Safety and antibody immune response of CHP-NY-ESO-1 vaccine combined with poly-ICLC in advanced or recurrent esophageal cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2021;70(11):3081–91.PubMedCrossRef
314.
Pavlick A, Blazquez AB, Meseck M, Lattanzi M, Ott PA, Marron TU, Holman RM, Mandeli J, Salazar AM, McClain CB, Gimenez G, Balan S, Gnjatic S, Sabado RL, Bhardwaj N. Combined Vaccination with NY-ESO-1 Protein, Poly-ICLC, and Montanide Improves Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Patients with High-Risk Melanoma, Cancer. Immunol Res. 2020;8(1):70–80.
315.
Kageyama S, Wada H, Muro K, Niwa Y, Ueda S, Miyata H, Takiguchi S, Sugino SH, Miyahara Y, Ikeda H, Imai N, Sato E, Yamada T, Osako M, Ohnishi M, Harada N, Hishida T, Doki Y, Shiku H. Dose-dependent effects of NY-ESO-1 protein vaccine complexed with cholesteryl pullulan (CHP-NY-ESO-1) on immune responses and survival benefits of esophageal cancer patients. J Transl Med. 2013;11:246.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
316.
Kitano S, Kageyama S, Nagata Y, Miyahara Y, Hiasa A, Naota H, Okumura S, Imai H, Shiraishi T, Masuya M, Nishikawa M, Sunamoto J, Akiyoshi K, Kanematsu T, Scott AM, Murphy R, Hoffman EW, Old LJ, Shiku H. HER2-specific T-cell immune responses in patients vaccinated with truncated HER2 protein complexed with nanogels of cholesteryl pullulan. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12(24):7397–405.PubMedCrossRef
317.
Schmid P, Adams S, Rugo HS, Schneeweiss A, Barrios CH, Iwata H, Dieras V, Hegg R, Im SA, Shaw Wright G, Henschel V, Molinero L, Chui SY, Funke R, Husain A, Winer EP, Loi S, Emens LA, I.M.T. Investigators. Atezolizumab and Nab-Paclitaxel in Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(22):2108-2121.
318.
Smith TT, Stephan SB, Moffett HF, McKnight LE, Ji W, Reiman D, Bonagofski E, Wohlfahrt ME, Pillai SPS, Stephan MT. In situ programming of leukaemia-specific T cells using synthetic DNA nanocarriers. Nat Nanotechnol. 2017;12(8):813–20.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
319.
Tang L, Zheng Y, Melo MB, Mabardi L, Castano AP, Xie YQ, Li N, Kudchodkar SB, Wong HC, Jeng EK, Maus MV, Irvine DJ. Enhancing T cell therapy through TCR-signaling-responsive nanoparticle drug delivery. Nat Biotechnol. 2018;36(8):707–16.PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Nanomaterials in tumor immunotherapy: new strategies and challenges
Authors
Xudong Zhu
Shenglong Li
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-023-01797-9

Other articles of this Issue 1/2023

Molecular Cancer 1/2023 Go to the issue

Correspondence

Circulating tumor DNA landscape and prognostic impact of acquired resistance to targeted therapies in cancer patients: a national center for precision medicine (PRISM) study

Correspondence

A liquid biopsy signature of circulating extracellular vesicles-derived RNAs predicts response to first line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

Review

Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy

Research

A novel polypeptide encoded by the circular RNA ZKSCAN1 suppresses HCC via degradation of mTOR

Research

The phospholipid transporter PITPNC1 links KRAS to MYC to prevent autophagy in lung and pancreatic cancer

Research

Molecular differences of angiogenic versus vessel co-opting colorectal cancer liver metastases at single-cell resolution
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Image Credits