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Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Metastasis | Review

Exosomes: composition, biogenesis, and mechanisms in cancer metastasis and drug resistance

Authors: Ladan Mashouri, Hassan Yousefi, Amir Reza Aref, Ali mohammad Ahadi, Fatemeh Molaei, Suresh K. Alahari

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) participate in formation and progression of different cancer processes, including tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and drug-resistance. Exosomes initiate or suppress various signaling pathways in the recipient cells via transmitting heterogeneous cargoes. In this review we discuss exosome biogenesis, exosome mediated metastasis and chemoresistance. Furthermore, tumor derived exosomes role in tumor microenvironment remodeling, and angiogenesis is reviewed. Also, exosome induction of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is highlighted. More importantly, we discuss extensively how exosomes regulate drug resistance in several cancers. Thus, understanding exosome biogenesis, their contents and the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are responsible for metastasis and drug-resistance mediated by TDEs may help to devise novel therapeutic approaches for cancer progression particularly to overcome therapy-resistance and preventing metastasis as major factors of cancer mortality.
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Metadata
Title
Exosomes: composition, biogenesis, and mechanisms in cancer metastasis and drug resistance
Authors
Ladan Mashouri
Hassan Yousefi
Amir Reza Aref
Ali mohammad Ahadi
Fatemeh Molaei
Suresh K. Alahari
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Metastasis
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-019-0991-5

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