Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Review

Long non-coding RNAs: potential new biomarkers for predicting tumor invasion and metastasis

Authors: Chunyang Jiang, Xin Li, Hui Zhao, Huibin Liu

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in malignant neoplasia. Indeed, many hallmarks of cancer define that the malignant phenotype of tumor cells are controlled by lncRNAs. Despite a growing number of studies highlighting their importance in cancer, there has been no systematic review of metastasis-associated lncRNAs in various cancer types. Accordingly, we focus on the key metastasis-related lncRNAs and outline their expression status in cancer tissues by reviewing the previous stuides, in order to summarize the nowadays research achivements for lncRNAs related to cancer metastasis. Medline, EMBASE, as well as PubMed databases were applied to study lncRNAs which were tightly associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Up to now, a substantial number of lncRNAs have been found to have important biological functions. In this review, according to their various features in cancer, lncRNAs were roughly divided into three categories: promoting tumor invasion and metastasis, negative regulation of tumor metastasis and with dual regulatory roles. The present studies may establish the foundation for both further research on the mechanisms of cancer progression and future lncRNA-based clinical applications.
Literature
1.
2.
3.
Nie L, Wu HJ, Hsu JM, Chang SS, Labaff AM, Li CW, et al. Long non-coding RNAs: versatile master regulators of gene expression and crucial players in cancer. Am J Transl Res. 2012;4(2):127–50.PubMedPubMedCentral
4.
Mercer TR, Dinger ME, Mattick JS. Long non-coding RNAs: insights into functions. Nat Rev Genet. 2009;10(3):155–9.PubMedCrossRef
5.
6.
Guttman M, Amit I, Garber M, French C, Lin MF, Feldser D, et al. Chromatin signature reveals over a thousand highly conserved large non-coding RNAs in mammals. Nature. 2009;458(7235):223–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
7.
8.
Wapinski O, Chang HY. Long noncoding RNAs and human disease. Trends Cell Biol. 2011;21(6):354–61.PubMedCrossRef
9.
10.
Gibb EA, Vucic EA, Enfield KSS, Stewart GL, Lonergan KM, Kennett JY, et al. Human cancer long non-coding RNA transcriptomes. PLoS One. 2011;6(10):e25915.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
11.
Li J, Yang B, Zhou Q, Wu Y, Shang D, Guo Y, et al. Autophagy promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion through activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Carcinogenesis. 2013;34(6):1343–51.PubMedCrossRef
12.
13.
Bullock MD, Sayan AE, Packham GK, Mirnezami AH. MicroRNAs: critical regulators of epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) and mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) in cancer progression. Biology of the cell/under the auspices of the European Cell Biology Organization. 2012;104(1):3–12.PubMedCrossRef
14.
15.
Kim K, Jutooru I, Chadalapaka G, Johnson G, Frank J, Burghardt R, et al. HOTAIR is a negative prognostic factor and exhibits pro-oncogenic activity in pancreatic cancer. Oncogene. 2013;32(13):1616–25.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Gupta RA, Shah N, Wang KC, Kim J, Horlings HM, Wong DJ, et al. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR reprograms chromatin state to promote cancer metastasis. Nature. 2010;464(7291):1071–6.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
17.
18.
Wu Y, Zhang L, Zhang L, Wang Y, Li H, Ren X, et al. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by recruiting EZH2 and repressing E-cadherin in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol. 2015;46(6):2586–94.PubMed
19.
Nie Y, Liu X, Qu S, Song E, Zou H, Gong C. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR is an independent prognostic marker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and survival. Cancer Sci. 2013;104(4):458–64.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Lee NK, Lee JH, Park CH, Yu D, Lee YC, Cheong JH, et al. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR promotes carcinogenesis and invasion of gastric adenocarcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2014;451(2):171–8.PubMedCrossRef
21.
22.
Okugawa Y, Toiyama Y, Hur K, Toden S, Saigusa S, Tanaka K, et al. Metastasis-associated long non-coding RNA drives gastric cancer development and promotes peritoneal metastasis. Carcinogenesis. 2014;35(12):2731–9.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
23.
Liu XH, Sun M, Nie FQ, Ge YB, Zhang EB, Yin DD, et al. Lnc RNA HOTAIR functions as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate HER2 expression by sponging miR-331-3p in gastric cancer. Mol Cancer. 2014;13:92.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
24.
Lv XB, Lian GY, Wang HR, Song E, Yao H, Wang MH. Long noncoding RNA HOTAIR is a prognostic marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression and survival. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e63516.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
25.
Chen FJ, Sun M, Li SQ, Wu QQ, Ji L, Liu ZL, et al. Upregulation of the long non-coding RNA HOTAIR promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis and poor prognosis. Mol Carcinog. 2013;52(11):908–15.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Li X, Wu Z, Mei Q, Li X, Guo M, Fu X, et al. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR, a driver of malignancy, predicts negative prognosis and exhibits oncogenic activity in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2013;109(8):2266–78.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
27.
Ge XS, Ma HJ, Zheng XH, Ruan HL, Liao XY, Xue WQ, et al. HOTAIR, a prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, inhibits WIF-1 expression and activates Wnt pathway. Cancer Sci. 2013;104(12):1675–82.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Geng YJ, Xie SL, Li Q, Ma J, Wang GY. Large intervening non-coding RNA HOTAIR is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma progression. J Int Med Res. 2011;39(6):2119–28.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Ding C, Cheng S, Yang Z, Lv Z, Xiao H, Du C, et al. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR promotes cell migration and invasion via down-regulation of RNA binding motif protein 38 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2014;15(3):4060–76.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
30.
Zhao W, An Y, Liang Y, Xie XW. Role of HOTAIR long noncoding RNA in metastatic progression of lung cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2014;18(13):1930–6.PubMed
31.
Nakagawa T, Endo H, Yokoyama M, Abe J, Tamai K, Tanaka N, et al. Large noncoding RNA HOTAIR enhances aggressive biological behavior and is associated with short disease-free survival in human non-small cell lung cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013;436(2):319–24.PubMedCrossRef
32.
Liu XH, Liu ZL, Sun M, Liu J, Wang ZX, De W. The long non-coding RNA HOTAIR indicates a poor prognosis and promotes metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer. 2013;13:464.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
33.
Kim HJ, Lee DW, Yim GW, Nam EJ, Kim S, Kim SW, et al. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR is associated with human cervical cancer progression. Int J Oncol. 2015;46(2):521–30.PubMed
34.
Jing L, Yuan W, Ruofan D, Jinjin Y, Haifeng Q. HOTAIR enhanced aggressive biological behaviors and induced radio-resistance via inhibiting p21 in cervical cancer. Tumour Biol. 2015;36(5):3611–9.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Huang J, Ke P, Guo L, Wang W, Tan H, Liang Y, et al. Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference targeting the long noncoding RNA HOTAIR inhibits proliferation and invasion of endometrial carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2014;24(4):635–42.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Qiu JJ, Lin YY, Ye LC, Ding JX, Feng WW, Jin HY, et al. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR predicts poor patient prognosis and promotes tumor metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2014;134(1):121–8.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Chiyomaru T, Yamamura S, Fukuhara S, Yoshino H, Kinoshita T, Majid S, et al. Genistein inhibits prostate cancer cell growth by targeting miR-34a and oncogenic HOTAIR. PLoS One. 2013;8(8):e70372.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
38.
Wu ZH, Wang XL, Tang HM, Jiang T, Chen J, Lu S, et al. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR is a powerful predictor of metastasis and poor prognosis and is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colon cancer. Oncol Rep. 2014;32(1):395–402.PubMed
39.
40.
Vassallo I, Zinn P, Lai M, Rajakannu P, Hamou MF, Hegi ME. WIF1 re-expression in glioblastoma inhibits migration through attenuation of non-canonical WNT signaling by downregulating the lncRNA MALAT1. Oncogene. 2016;35:12-21.
41.
Tee AE, Ling D, Nelson C, Atmadibrata B, Dinger ME, Xu N, et al. The histone demethylase JMJD1A induces cell migration and invasion by up-regulating the expression of the long noncoding RNA MALAT1. Oncotarget. 2014;5(7):1793–804.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
42.
Zhao Z, Chen C, Liu Y, Wu C. 17β-Estradiol treatment inhibits breast cell proliferation, migration and invasion by decreasing MALAT-1 RNA level. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2014;445(2):388–93.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Schmidt LH, Spieker T, Koschmieder S, Schaffers S, Humberg J, Jungen D, et al. The long noncoding MALAT-1 RNA indicates a poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer and induces migration and tumor growth. Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. 2011;6(12):1984–92.CrossRef
44.
Gutschner T, Hammerle M, Eissmann M, Hsu J, Kim Y, Hung G, et al. The noncoding RNA MALAT1 is a critical regulator of the metastasis phenotype of lung cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2013;73(3):1180–9.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Hu L, Wu Y, Tan D, Meng H, Wang K, Bai Y, et al. Up-regulation of long noncoding RNA MALAT1 contributes to proliferation and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2015;34:7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
46.
Wang X, Li M, Wang Z, Han S, Tang X, Ge Y, et al. Silencing of long noncoding RNA MALAT1 by miR-101 and miR-217 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem. 2015;290(7):3925–35.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Jiao F, Hu H, Yuan C, Wang L, Jiang W, Jin Z, et al. Elevated expression level of long noncoding RNA MALAT-1 facilitates cell growth, migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer. Oncol Rep. 2014;32(6):2485–92.PubMed
48.
Zhang HM, Yang FQ, Chen SJ, Che J, Zheng JH. Upregulation of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol. 2015;36(4):2947–55.PubMedCrossRef
49.
Fan Y, Shen B, Tan M, Mu X, Qin Y, Zhang F, et al. TGF-beta-induced upregulation of malat1 promotes bladder cancer metastasis by associating with suz12. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20(6):1531–41.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Ying L, Chen Q, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Huang Y, Qiu F. Upregulated MALAT-1 contributes to bladder cancer cell migration by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mol Biosyst. 2012;8(9):2289–94.PubMedCrossRef
51.
Ren S, Liu Y, Xu W, Sun Y, Lu J, Wang F, et al. Long noncoding RNA MALAT-1 is a new potential therapeutic target for castration resistant prostate cancer. J Urol. 2013;190(6):2278–87.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Xu C, Yang M, Tian J, Wang X, Li Z. MALAT-1: a long non-coding RNA and its important 3′ end functional motif in colorectal cancer metastasis. Int J Oncol. 2011;39(1):169–75.PubMed
53.
Yang MH, Hu ZY, Xu C, Xie LY, Wang XY, Chen SY, et al. MALAT1 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation/migration/invasion via PRKA kinase anchor protein 9. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015;1852(1):166–74.PubMedCrossRef
54.
Ji Q, Zhang L, Liu X, Zhou L, Wang W, Han Z, et al. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 promotes tumour growth and metastasis in colorectal cancer through binding to SFPQ and releasing oncogene PTBP2 from SFPQ/PTBP2 complex. Br J Cancer. 2014;111(4):736–48.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
55.
Ji Q, Liu X, Fu X, Zhang L, Sui H, Zhou L, et al. Resveratrol inhibits invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells via MALAT1 mediated Wnt/beta-catenin signal pathway. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e78700.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
56.
Fang D, Yang H, Lin J, Teng Y, Jiang Y, Chen J, et al. 17beta-estradiol regulates cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and promotes apoptosis by upregulating miR-9 and thus degrades MALAT-1 in osteosarcoma cell MG-63 in an estrogen receptor-independent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015;457(4):500–6.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Tian Y, Zhang X, Hao Y, Fang Z, He Y. Potential roles of abnormally expressed long noncoding RNA UCA1 and Malat-1 in metastasis of melanoma. Melanoma Res. 2014;24(4):335–41.PubMedCrossRef
58.
Chen F, Tian Y, Pang EJ, Wang Y, Li L. MALAT2-activated long noncoding RNA indicates a biomarker of poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Cancer Gene Ther. 2015. doi:10.​1038/​cgt.​2015.​6.
59.
Yang F, Bi J, Xue X, Zheng L, Zhi K, Hua J, et al. Up-regulated long non-coding RNA H19 contributes to proliferation of gastric cancer cells. FEBS J. 2012;279(17):3159–65.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Zhang EB, Han L, Yin DD, Kong R, De W, Chen J. c-Myc-induced, long, noncoding H19 affects cell proliferation and predicts a poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Med Oncol. 2014;31(5):914.PubMedCrossRef
61.
Li H, Yu B, Li J, Su L, Yan M, Zhu Z, et al. Overexpression of lncRNA H19 enhances carcinogenesis and metastasis of gastric cancer. Oncotarget. 2014;5(8):2318–29.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
62.
Ma C, Nong K, Zhu H, Wang W, Huang X, Yuan Z, et al. H19 promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis by derepressing let-7's suppression on its target HMGA2-mediated EMT. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(9):9163–9.PubMedCrossRef
63.
Yan L, Zhou J, Gao Y, Ghazal S, Lu L, Bellone S, et al. Regulation of tumor cell migration and invasion by the H19/let-7 axis is antagonized by metformin-induced DNA methylation. Oncogene. 2015;34(23):3076–84.PubMedCrossRef
64.
Luo M, Li Z, Wang W, Zeng Y, Liu Z, Qiu J. Long non-coding RNA H19 increases bladder cancer metastasis by associating with EZH2 and inhibiting E-cadherin expression. Cancer Lett. 2013;333(2):213–21.PubMedCrossRef
65.
Adriaenssens E, Lottin S, Berteaux N, Hornez L, Fauquette W, Fafeur V, et al. Cross-talk between mesenchyme and epithelium increases H19 gene expression during scattering and morphogenesis of epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res. 2002;275(2):215–29.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Flockhart RJ, Webster DE, Qu K, Mascarenhas N, Kovalski J, Kretz M, et al. BRAFV600E remodels the melanocyte transcriptome and induces BANCR to regulate melanoma cell migration. Genome research. 2012;22(6):1006–14.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
67.
Su S, Gao J, Wang T, Wang J, Li H, Wang Z. Long non-coding RNA BANCR regulates growth and metastasis and is associated with poor prognosis in retinoblastoma. Tumour Biol. 2015;36:7205–11.PubMedCrossRef
68.
Guo Q, Zhao Y, Chen J, Hu J, Wang S, Zhang D, et al. BRAF-activated long non-coding RNA contributes to colorectal cancer migration by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett. 2014;8(2):869–75.PubMedPubMedCentral
69.
Deng L, Yang SB, Xu FF, Zhang JH. Long noncoding RNA CCAT1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by functioning as let-7 sponge. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2015;34:18.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
70.
Yang F, Xue X, Bi J, Zheng L, Zhi K, Gu Y, et al. Long noncoding RNA CCAT1, which could be activated by c-Myc, promotes the progression of gastric carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2013;139(3):437–45.PubMedCrossRef
71.
Redis RS, Sieuwerts AM, Look MP, Tudoran O, Ivan C, Spizzo R, et al. CCAT2, a novel long non-coding RNA in breast cancer: expression study and clinical correlations. Oncotarget. 2013;4(10):1748–62.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
72.
Ling H, Spizzo R, Atlasi Y, et al. CCAT2, a novel noncoding RNA mapping to 8q24, underlies metastatic progression and chromosomal instability in colon cancer. Genome research. 2013;23(9):1446–61.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
73.
Fang Z, Wu L, Wang L, Yang Y, Meng Y, Yang H. Increased expression of the long non-coding RNA UCA1 in tongue squamous cell carcinomas: a possible correlation with cancer metastasis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014;117(1):89–95.PubMedCrossRef
74.
Li JY, Ma X, Zhang CB. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA UCA1 predicts a poor prognosis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014;7(11):7938–44.PubMedPubMedCentral
75.
Han Y, Yang YN, Yuan HH, Zhang TT, Sui H, Wei XL, et al. UCA1, a long non-coding RNA up-regulated in colorectal cancer influences cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Pathology. 2014;46(5):396–401.PubMedCrossRef
76.
Xue M, Li X, Li Z, Chen W. Urothelial carcinoma associated 1 is a hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha-targeted long noncoding RNA that enhances hypoxic bladder cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(7):6901–12.PubMedCrossRef
77.
Liu J, Shen L, Yao J, Li Y, Wang Y, Chen H, et al. Forkhead box C1 promoter upstream transcript, a novel long non-coding RNA, regulates proliferation and migration in basal-like breast cancer. Mol Med Rep. 2015;11(4):3155–9.PubMed
78.
Kong XP, Yao J, Luo W, Feng FK, Ma JT, Ren YP, et al. The expression and functional role of a FOXC1 related mRNA-lncRNA pair in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem. 2014;394(1–2):177–86.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
79.
Pan F, Yao J, Chen Y, Zhou C, Geng P, Mao H, et al. A novel long non-coding RNA FOXCUT and mRNA FOXC1 pair promote progression and predict poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014;7(6):2838–49.PubMedPubMedCentral
80.
Wu W, Bhagat TD, Yang X, Song JH, Cheng Y, Agarwal R, et al. Hypomethylation of noncoding DNA regions and overexpression of the long noncoding RNA, AFAP1-AS1, in Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2013;144(5):956–66. e4.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
81.
Yang X, Song JH, Cheng Y, Wu W, Bhagat T, Yu Y, et al. Long non-coding RNA HNF1A-AS1 regulates proliferation and migration in oesophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Gut. 2014;63(6):881–90.PubMedCrossRef
82.
Zang W, Wang T, Huang J, Li M, Wang Y, Du Y, et al. Long noncoding RNA PEG10 regulates proliferation and invasion of esophageal cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther. 2015;22(3):138–44.PubMedCrossRef
83.
Xie HW, Wu QQ, Zhu B, Chen FJ, Ji L, Li SQ, et al. Long noncoding RNA SPRY4-IT1 is upregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and associated with poor prognosis. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(8):7743–54.PubMedCrossRef
84.
Xu Y, Wang J, Qiu M, Xu L, Li M, Jiang F, et al. Upregulation of the long noncoding RNA TUG1 promotes proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol. 2015;36(3):1643–51.PubMedCrossRef
85.
Khaitan D, Dinger ME, Mazar J, Crawford J, Smith MA, Mattick JS, et al. The melanoma-upregulated long noncoding RNA SPRY4-IT1 modulates apoptosis and invasion. Cancer Res. 2011;71(11):3852–62.PubMedCrossRef
86.
Yan Y, Shen Z, Gao Z, Cao J, Yang Y, Wang B, et al. Long noncoding ribonucleic acid specific for distant metastasis of gastric cancer is associated with TRIM16expression and facilitates tumor cell invasion in vitro. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;30(9):1367-75.
87.
Hu Y, Wang J, Qian J, Kong X, Tang J, Wang Y, et al. Long noncoding RNA GAPLINC regulates CD44-dependent cell invasiveness and associates with poor prognosis of gastric cancer. Cancer Res. 2014;74(23):6890–902.PubMedCrossRef
88.
Iguchi T, Uchi R, Nambara S, Saito T, Komatsu H, Hirata H, et al. A Long Noncoding RNA, lncRNA-ATB, Is Involved in the Progression and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. Anticancer Res. 2015;35(3):1385–8.PubMed
89.
Zhang L, Zhou XF, Pan GF, Zhao JP. Enhanced expression of long non-coding RNA ZXF1 promoted the invasion and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother. 2014;68(4):401–7.PubMedCrossRef
90.
Whiteside EJ, Seim I, Pauli JP, O’Keeffe AJ, Thomas PB, Carter SL, et al. Identification of a long non-coding RNA gene, growth hormone secretagogue receptor opposite strand, which stimulates cell migration in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Int J Oncol. 2013;43(2):566–74.PubMed
91.
Luo J, Tang L, Zhang J, Ni J, Zhang HP, Zhang L, et al. Long non-coding RNA CARLo-5 is a negative prognostic factor and exhibits tumor pro-oncogenic activity in non-small cell lung cancer. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(11):11541–9.PubMedCrossRef
92.
Yang Q, Zhang S, Liu H, Wu J, Xu E, Peng B, et al. Oncogenic role of long noncoding RNA AF118081 in anti-benzo [a] pyrene-trans-7, 8-dihydrodiol-9, 10-epoxide-transformed 16HBE cells. Toxicol Lett. 2014;229(3):430–9.PubMedCrossRef
93.
Yao Y, Ma J, Xue Y, Wang P, Li Z, Liu J, et al. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA XIST exerts tumor-suppressive functions in human glioblastoma stem cells by up-regulating miR-152. Cancer Lett. 2015;359(1):75–86.PubMedCrossRef
94.
Richards EJ, Zhang G, Li ZP, Permuth-Wey J, Challa S, Li Y, et al. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNA) regulated by transforming growth factor (TGF) beta: LncRNA-hit-mediated TGFbeta-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in mammary epithelia. J Biol Chem. 2015;290(11):6857–67.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
95.
Hou P, Zhao Y, Li Z, Yao R, Ma M, Gao Y, et al. LincRNA-ROR induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and contributes to breast cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. Cell Death Dis. 2014;5:e1287.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
96.
Shi Y, Lu J, Zhou J, Tan X, He Y, Ding J, et al. Long non-coding RNA Loc554202 regulates proliferation and migration in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2014;446(2):448–53.PubMedCrossRef
97.
Xing Z, Lin A, Li C, Liang K, Wang S, Liu Y, et al. lncRNA directs cooperative epigenetic regulation downstream of chemokine signals. Cell. 2014;159(5):1110–25.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
98.
Song S, Wu Z, Wang C, Liu B, Ye X, Chen J, et al. RCCRT1 is correlated with prognosis and promotes cell migration and invasion in renal cell carcinoma. Urology. 2014;84(3):730. e1-7.PubMedCrossRef
99.
He W, Cai Q, Sun F, Zhong G, Wang P, Liu H, et al. linc-UBC1 physically associates with polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and acts as a negative prognostic factor for lymph node metastasis and survival in bladder cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013;1832(10):1528–37.PubMedCrossRef
100.
Wang Y, Chen W, Yang C, Wu W, Wu S, Qin X, et al. Long non-coding RNA UCA1a (CUDR) promotes proliferation and tumorigenesis of bladder cancer. Int J Oncol. 2012;41(1):276–84.PubMed
101.
Mehra R, Shi Y, Udager AM, Prensner JR, Sahu A, Iyer MK, et al. A novel RNA in situ hybridization assay for the long noncoding RNA SChLAP1 predicts poor clinical outcome after radical prostatectomy in clinically localized prostate cancer. Neoplasia. 2014;16(12):1121–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
102.
Wang L, Han S, Jin G, Zhou X, Li M, Ying X, et al. Linc00963: a novel, long non-coding RNA involved in the transition of prostate cancer from androgen-dependence to androgen-independence. Int J Oncol. 2014;44(6):2041–9.PubMed
103.
He JH, Zhang JZ, Han ZP, Wang L, Lv YB, Li YG. Reciprocal regulation of PCGEM1 and miR-145 promote proliferation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2014;33:72.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
104.
Crea F, Watahiki A, Quagliata L, Xue H, Pikor L, Parolia A, et al. Identification of a long non-coding RNA as a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for metastatic prostate cancer. Oncotarget. 2014;5(3):764–74.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
105.
Sun NX, Ye C, Zhao Q, Zhang Q, Xu C, Wang SB, et al. Long noncoding RNA-EBIC promotes tumor cell invasion by binding to EZH2 and repressing E-cadherin in cervical cancer. PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e100340.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
106.
Gao Y, Meng H, Liu S, Hu J, Zhang Y, Jiao T, et al. LncRNA-HOST2 regulates cell biological behaviors in epithelial ovarian cancer through a mechanism involving microRNA let-7b. Hum Mol Genet. 2015;24(3):841–52.PubMedCrossRef
107.
Gloss B, Moran-Jones K, Lin V, Gonzalez M, Scurry J, Hacker NF, et al. ZNF300P1 encodes a lincRNA that regulates cell polarity and is epigenetically silenced in type II epithelial ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer. 2014;13:3.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
108.
Qiu J, Ye L, Ding J, Feng W, Zhang Y, Lv T, et al. Effects of oestrogen on long noncoding RNA expression in oestrogen receptor alpha-positive ovarian cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2014;141:60–70.PubMedCrossRef
109.
Jiang W, Zhang D, Xu B, Wu Z, Liu S, Zhang L, et al. Long non-coding RNA BANCR promotes proliferation and migration of lung carcinoma via MAPK pathways. Biomed Pharmacother. 2015;69:90–5.PubMedCrossRef
110.
Malik R, Patel L, Prensner JR, Shi Y, Iyer MK, Subramaniyan S, et al. The lncRNA PCAT29 inhibits oncogenic phenotypes in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Res. 2014;12(8):1081–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
111.
Qin X, Yao J, Geng P, Fu X, Xue J, Zhang Z. LncRNA TSLC1-AS1 is a novel tumor suppressor in glioma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014;7(6):3065–72.PubMedPubMedCentral
112.
Yao J, Zhou B, Zhang J, Geng P, Liu K, Zhu Y, et al. A new tumor suppressor LncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 is regulated by DNMT1 and inhibits migration of glioma cells. Tumour Biol. 2014;35(8):7935–44.PubMedCrossRef
113.
Wang P, Liu YH, Yao YL, Li Z, Li ZQ, Ma J, et al. Long non-coding RNA CASC2 suppresses malignancy in human gliomas by miR-21. Cell Signal. 2015;27(2):275–82.PubMedCrossRef
114.
Zou AE, Ku J, Honda TK, Yu V, Kuo SZ, Zheng H, et al. Transcriptome sequencing uncovers novel long noncoding and small nucleolar RNAs dysregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. RNA. 2015;21(6):1122–34.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
115.
Qiao HP, Gao WS, Huo JX, Yang ZS. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 functions as a tumor suppressor in renal cell carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(2):1077–82.PubMedCrossRef
116.
Yao J, Chen Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Yuan X, Pan F, et al. Decreased expression of a novel lncRNA CADM1-AS1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinomas. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014;7(6):2758–67.PubMedPubMedCentral
117.
Chen CL, Tseng YW, Wu JC, Chen GY, Lin KC, Hwang SM, et al. Suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma by baculovirus-mediated expression of long non-coding RNA PTENP1 and MicroRNA regulation. Biomaterials. 2015;44:71–81.PubMedCrossRef
118.
Xu TP, Huang MD, Xia R, Liu XX, Sun M, Yin L, et al. Decreased expression of the long non-coding RNA FENDRR is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer and FENDRR regulates gastric cancer cell metastasis by affecting fibronectin1 expression. J Hematol Oncol. 2014;7:63.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
119.
Sun YW, Chen YF, Li J, Huo YM, Liu DJ, Hua R, et al. A novel long non-coding RNA ENST00000480739 suppresses tumour cell invasion by regulating OS-9 and HIF-1alpha in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2014;111(11):2131–41.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
120.
Modali SD, Parekh VI, Kebebew E, Agarwal SK. Epigenetic regulation of the lncRNA MEG3 and its target c-MET in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Mol Endocrinol. 2015;29(2):224–37.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
121.
Li L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhou F. Increased expression of LncRNA BANCR is associated with clinical progression and poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother. 2015;72:109–12.PubMedCrossRef
122.
Sun M, Liu XH, Wang KM, Nie FQ, Kong R, Yang JS, et al. Downregulation of BRAF activated non-coding RNA is associated with poor prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer and promotes metastasis by affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mol Cancer. 2014;13:68.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
123.
Lv J, Ma L, Chen XL, Huang XH, Wang Q. Downregulation of LncRNAH19 and MiR-675 promotes migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through AKT/GSK-3beta/Cdc25A signaling pathway. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2014;34(3):363–9.PubMedCrossRef
124.
Zhu M, Chen Q, Liu X, Sun Q, Zhao X, Deng R, et al. lncRNA H19/miR-675 axis represses prostate cancer metastasis by targeting TGFBI. FEBS J. 2014;281(16):3766–75.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Long non-coding RNAs: potential new biomarkers for predicting tumor invasion and metastasis
Authors
Chunyang Jiang
Xin Li
Hui Zhao
Huibin Liu
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-016-0545-z

Other articles of this Issue 1/2016

Molecular Cancer 1/2016 Go to the issue

Research

KCa1.1, a calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha 1, is targeted by miR-17-5p and modulates cell migration in malignant pleural mesothelioma

Review

Long noncoding RNAs as novel predictors of survival in human cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Research

Less is more: low expression of MT1-MMP is optimal to promote migration and tumourigenesis of breast cancer cells

Review

Caveolin-1 in the regulation of cell metabolism: a cancer perspective

Erratum

Erratum to: ‘Mutation of epigenetic regulators TET2 and MLL3 in patients with HTLV-I-induced acute adult T-cell leukemia’

Review

Clinical significance of microRNAs in chronic and acute human leukemia
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Image Credits