Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Hypoglycemic and pancreatic protective effects of Portulaca oleracea extract in alloxan induced diabetic rats

Authors: Basma K. Ramadan, Mona F. Schaalan, Amina M. Tolba

Published in: BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Diabetes is a major public health concern. In spite of continuous new drug development to treat diabetes, herbal remedies remain a potential adjunct therapy to maintain better glycemic control while also imparting few side-effects. Portulaca oleracea has been traditionally used to manage several diseases due to the anti-oxidant and anti-atherogenic effects it imparts. To better understand the mechanisms associated with potential protective effect of P. oleracea extract against diabetes, alloxan-induced diabetic rats were used in this study.

Methods

Forty Wistar rats (male, 7–8-wk-old, 140–160 g) were divided into four groups (n = 10/group): Group I (control), Group II (P. oleracea-treated; gavaged with P. oleracea extract daily [at 250 mg/kg] for 4 weeks), Group III (diabetic control; daily IP injection of alloxan [at 75 mg/kg] for 5 days) and Group IV (P. oleracea-pre-treated diabetic; gavaged with P. oleracea extract daily [at 250 mg/kg] for 4 weeks and then daily IP injection of alloxan [at 75 mg/kg] for 5 days). Body weight, food consumption, blood (serum) levels of glucose, C peptide, Hb A1C, insulin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 were determined for all groups.

Results

The results indicated that while Hb A1C, serum levels of glucose, TNF-α and IL-6 were all significantly decreased in the P. oleracea-pre-treated diabetic rats, these hosts also had significant increases in C peptide and insulin compared to levels in the counterpart diabetic rats. These results were confirmed by the histopathological assessments which showed marked improvement of the destructive effect on pancreatic islet cells induced by alloxan.

Conclusion

P. oleracea extract is a general tissue protective and regeneartive agent, as evidenced by increasing β-cell mass and therefore improved the glucose metabolism. Thus, stimulation of Portulaca oleracea signaling in β- cells may be a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetes prevention.
Literature
1.
Ketan H, Annapurna A. The effect of quercetin on blood glucose levels of normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic (type i & type ii) rats. IJPCBS. 2014;4(3):613–9.
2.
Piya MK, Tahrani AA, Barnett AH. Emerging treatment options for type 2 diabetes. J Clin Diabetes Br Pharmacol. 2010;70:631–44.CrossRef
3.
Si YL, Zhao YL, Hao HJ. MSCs: biological characteristics, clinical applications and their outstanding concerns. Ageing Res Rev. 2011;10:93–103.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Waltner-Law M, Wang X, Law B. Epigallo-catechin gallate, a constituent of green tea, represses hepatic glucose production. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:34933–40.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Arise RO, Malomo SO, Adebayo JO, Igunnu A. Effects of aqueous extract of Eucalyptus globules on lipid peroxidation and selected enzymes of rat liver. J Med Plant Res. 2009;3(2):077–81.
6.
Ogbourne SM, Parsons PG. The value of nature’s natural product library for the discovery of New Chemical Entities: the discovery of ingenol mebutate. Fitoterapia. 2014;98:36–44.CrossRefPubMed
7.
El-Abhar HS, Schaalan MF. Phytotherapy in diabetes: review on potential mechanistic perspectives. World J Diabetes. 2014;5(2):176–97.PubMedPubMedCentral
8.
Zhou YX, Xin HL, Rahman K, Wang SJ, Peng C, Zhang H. Portulaca oleracea L.: a review of phytochemistry and pharmacological effects. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:925631.PubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Barbosa-Filho JM, Alencar AA, Nunes XP, Tomaz AC, Sena Filho JG, Athayde Filho PF. Sources of alpha, beta, gamma, delta and epsilon-carotenes: a twentieth century review. Rev Bras Farmacogn. 2008;18:135–54.CrossRef
10.
Sultana A, Rahman K. Portulaca oleracea Linn. A global Panacea with ethno-medicinal and pharmacological potential. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2003;5(Suppl2):33–9.
11.
Rahdari P, Hosseini SM, Tavakoli S. The studying effect of drought stress on germination, proline, sugar, lipid, protein and chlorophyll content in purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) leaves. J Med Plants Res. 2012;6:1539–47.
12.
Simopoulos AP. Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants in edible wild plants. Biol Res. 2004;37:263–78.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Uddin MK, Juraimi AS, Hossain MS, Nahar MA, Ali ME, Rahman MM. Purslane weed (Portulaca oleracea): a prospective plant source of nutrition, omega-3 fatty acid, and antioxidant attributes. Sci World J. 2014;2014:951019.CrossRef
14.
Hussein AM. Purslane extract effects on obesity-induced diabetic rats Fed a high-fat diet. Mal J Nut. 2010;16(3):419–29.
15.
Lee AS, Lee YJ, Lee SM, Yoon JJ, Kim JS, Kang DG, Lee HS. Portulaca oleracea ameliorates diabetic vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:741824.PubMedPubMedCentral
16.
Lee AS, Lee YJ, Lee SM, Yoon JJ, Kim JS, Kang DG, Lee HS. An aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through suppression of renal fibrosis and inflammation in diabetic db/db mice. Am J Chin Med. 2012;40(3):495–510.CrossRefPubMed
17.
18.
Bai Y, Zang X, Ma J, Xu G. Anti-diabetic effect of portulaca oleracea L. Polysaccharideandits mechanism in diabetic rats. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;25:17(8).
19.
El-Sayed MIK. Effects of Portulaca oleracea L. seeds in treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients as adjunctive and alternative therapy. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2011;137:643–51.CrossRef
20.
Gu JF, Zheng ZY, Yuan JR, Zhao BJ, Wang CF, Zhang L, Xu QY, Yin GW, Feng L, Jia XB. Comparison on hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of the fresh and dried Portulaca oleracea L. in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells and streptozotocin-induced C57BL/6 J diabetic mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;161:214–23.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Suresh Y, Das UN. Available protective action of arachidonic acid against alloxan- induced cytotoxicity and diabetes mellitus. Harcourt Publishers. 2001;64(1):37–52.
22.
Anusha M, Venkateswarlu V, Prabhakaran S, Shareen Taj B, Kumari PD. Hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea combination with lycopene in rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 2011;43(5):563–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
23.
Danial JA, George SM. Peach dormancy in relation to indigenous inhibit applied growth substances. J Am Soc Sci. 1979;27:651–4.
24.
Zhisen J, Mengcheng T, Jianming W. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effect on super oxide radicals. Food Chem. 1999;64:555–9.CrossRef
25.
Goupy P, Hugues MP, Amiot M. Antioxidant composition and activity of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and malt extracts and of isolated phenolic compounds. J Sci Food Agric. 1999;79:1625–34.CrossRef
26.
Merken HM, Beecher GR. Measurement of food flavonoids by high-performance liquid chromatography: a review. J Agric Food Chem. 2000;48(3):577–99.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Wettestein DV. Chlorophyll –letate and der submikroskopischer from wockee Der plastischen. Exp Cell Res. 1957;2:427.
28.
Rohilla A, Ali S. Alloxan induced diabetes: mechanisms and effects. Int J Res Pharma Biomedical Sci. 2012;3(2):819–21.
29.
Federiuk I, Casey H, Quinn M, Wood M, Ward K. Induction of type-1 diabetes mellitus in laboratory rats by use of alloxan: route of administration, pitfalls, and insulin treatment. Comp Med. 2004;54:252–7.PubMed
30.
Fernandes A, Guarino M. Understanding the in vivo relevance of S-nitrosothiols in insulin action. Clin Chim Acta. 2012;85:323–33.
31.
Eastham RD. The low dose aspirin controversy solved at last. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985;29(6497):738.CrossRef
32.
Couri B, Vottarelli JC. Potential role of stem cell therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2008;52(2):407–15.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Etuk E, Muhammed B. Evidence-based analysis of chemical method of induction of diabetes mellitus in experimental animals. Asian J Exp Biol. 2010;1:331–6.
34.
Adeyi A, Idowu B, Mafiana C, Oluwalana S, Ajayi O, Akinloye O. Rat model of food-induced non-obese-type 2 diabetes mellitus: comparative pathophysiology and histopathol-ogy. Intl J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2012;1:51–8.
35.
Adeyemi DO, Komolafa OA, Adewole OS, Obuotor EM, Abiodun AA, Adenowo TK. Histomorphological and morphometric studies of the pancreatic islet cells of diabetic rats treated with extract of Annonamuricata. Folia Morphol. 2010;69(2):92–100.
36.
Naciye E. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of fraction from Portulaca oleracea L. Food Chem. 2012;133(3):775–81.CrossRef
37.
Abd El-Aziz HA, Sobhy MH, Ahmed KA, Azza K, Abd El Hameed AK, Rahman ZA, Hassan WA. Chemical and remedial effects of purslane (portulaca oleracea) plant. Life Sci J. 2014;11(6):31–42.
38.
Elkhayat ES, Ibrahim SR, Aziz MA. Portulene, a new diterpene from Portulaca oleracea L. J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2008;10(11–12):1039–43.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Shen L, Lu F. Effects of Portulaca oleracea on insulin resistance in rats with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chin J Integr Med. 2003;9:289–92.CrossRef
40.
Akinlade A, Ogbera A, Fasanmade O, Olamoyegun O. Serum C-peptide assay of patients with hyperglycemic emergencies at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja. Intl Arch Med. 2014;7:50.CrossRef
41.
Gabr M, Zakaria M, Refaie A, Khater S, Ashamallah S, Ismail A, El-Halawani S, Ghoneim M. Differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells: evidence for further maturation in vivo. Bio-Med Res Intl. 2015;2015:575837:1–10.
42.
Kameswararao B, Kesavulu MM, Apparao C. Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of Momordica cymbalaria fruit in alloxan-diabetic rats. Fitoterapia. 2003;74:7–13.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Arivarasan A, Rana G, Sharma A, Kumar M, Jhang K, Chakraborty A. Clinical management of lipid profile, renal & liver function versus Hb A1c profile in diabetes affected patients of vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Afr J Pharma. 2012;6(40):2832–6.CrossRef
44.
Shbaklo H, Azar S, Terwedow H, Halaby G, Naja R, Zalloua P. No association between the 1031 polymorphism in the TNFα promoter region and Type I diabetes. Hum Immunol. 2003;64:633–8.CrossRefPubMed
45.
Alexandrak K, Ziakas P, Kalfoutis A. Cytokine secretion in long standing diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2: association of low grade systemic inflammation. J Clin Immunuol. 2008;26:1824–9.
46.
Pennathur S, Heinecke J. Mechanisms for oxidative stress in diabetic cardiovascular disease. Anti-oxidant Redox Signal. 2007;9:955–69.CrossRef
47.
Mirza S, Hossain M, Mathews C, Martinez P, Pino P, Gay J, Rentfro A, McCormick J, Fisher-Hoch S. Type 2-diabetes is associated with elevated levels of TNFα, IL-6, and adipo-nectin and low levels of leptin in a population of Mexican Americans: a cross-sectional study. J Cytol. 2012;57:136–42.
48.
Sridevi D, Venugopal SK, Singh U, Jialal I. Hyperglycemia induces monocytic release of interleukin-6 via induction of proteinkinase C, α and B. Diabetes. 2005;54:85–91.CrossRef
49.
Lee A, Kim J, Lee Y, Kang D, Lee H. Anti-TNFα activity of Portulaca oleracea in vascular endothelial cells. Intl J Mol Sci. 2012;13:5628–44.CrossRef
50.
Xiao F, Lu F, Xu L. Effect of different parts of Portulaca on the levels of TNFα and IL-6 in the supernatant of cultured adipose cell. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2015;30:1763–6.
51.
Oshaghi EA, Khodadadi I, Tavilani H, Goodarzi MT. Aqueous extract of Anethum Graveolens L. has potential antioxidant and antiglycation effects. Iran J Med Sci. 2016;41(4):328–33.PubMed
52.
Bhatia A, Khera N. Hypoglycaemic activity of orally administered woodfordia fruticosa flower extract in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Int J Life Sci Biolechnol Pharm Res. 2013;2:2250–3137.
53.
Hassan N, Emam M. Protective effect of camel milk and ginkgo biloba extract against alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. J Diabetes Metab. 2012;3:231–6.CrossRef
54.
Ojo R, Memudu A, Akintayo C, Akpan I. Preventive effect of allium sativumon alloxan-induced diabetic rat. J Agric Biol Sci. 2012;8:609–12.
55.
Esmaillzadeh A, Zakizadeh E, Faghihimani E, Gohari M, Jazayeri S. The effect of purslane seeds on glycemic status and lipid profiles of persons with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled cross-over clinical trial. J Res Med Sci. 2015;20(1):47–53.PubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Bai Y, Zang X, Ma J, Xu G. Anti-diabetic effect of Portulaca oleracea L. Polysaccharideandits mechanism in diabetic rats. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17:1201–15.CrossRefPubMedCentral
57.
Guyton A, Hall J. Dietary balance; regulation of feeding; obesity and starvation; vitamins, and minerals. In: Textbook of medical physiology. 12th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2011. p. 843–57.
Metadata
Title
Hypoglycemic and pancreatic protective effects of Portulaca oleracea extract in alloxan induced diabetic rats
Authors
Basma K. Ramadan
Mona F. Schaalan
Amina M. Tolba
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2662-7671
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1530-1

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 1/2017 Go to the issue

Research article

Phytochemical-rich foods inhibit the growth of pathogenic trichomonads

Research article

In utero exposure to germinated brown rice and its oryzanol-rich extract attenuated high fat diet-induced insulin resistance in F1 generation of rats

Research article

The Chinese medicine JC-001 enhances the chemosensitivity of Lewis lung tumors to cisplatin by modulating the immune response

Research article

Inhibition of autophagy enhances synergistic effects of Salidroside and anti-tumor agents against colorectal cancer

Research article

Anticholinesterase and antioxidant potentials of Nonea micrantha Bioss. & Reut along with GC-MS analysis

Research article

Antimalarial activity of Syzygium guineense during early and established Plasmodium infection in rodent models