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BMC Women's Health
Published in: BMC Women's Health 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Overweight | Research

Decomposing the rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria

Authors: Ololade Julius Baruwa, Babatunde Makinde Gbadebo, Oluwafemi John Adeleye, Hanani Tabana, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe

Published in: BMC Women's Health | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Overweight and obese women face various reproductive and other health challenges, and in some cases, even mortality. Despite evidence of rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age, there is limited evidence regarding the predictors of these disparities. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with overweight and obesity and examine the contributors to rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria.

Methods

We utilized the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The survey employed a two-stage cluster sampling technique based on Nigeria’s 2006 census enumeration areas for sample selection. Overweight and obesity were defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25. Data analyses were conducted using the Logistic Regression Model and the threefold Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition model (α0.05).

Results

The study revealed that older women (OR = 2.44; CI = 2.11–2.83), those with higher wealth (OR = 2.05; CI = 1.81–2.31), contraceptive users (OR = 1.41; CI = 1.27–1.57), and residents of the South-South region (OR = 1.24; CI = 1.07–1.45) were more likely to be overweight/obese. The decomposition analysis indicated that the mean predicted prevalence of overweight and obesity is 35.5% in urban areas, compared to 21.1% in rural areas of Nigeria. Factors such as wealth status, educational level, media exposure, and contraceptive use were identified as significant contributors to these disparities.

Conclusion

The findings underscore the importance of addressing socioeconomic disparities when designing healthcare interventions to reduce the burden of overweight and obesity, particularly in urban areas. Prioritizing these factors can facilitate efforts to promote healthier lifestyles and enhance overall well-being.
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Metadata
Title
Decomposing the rural-urban disparities in overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Nigeria
Authors
Ololade Julius Baruwa
Babatunde Makinde Gbadebo
Oluwafemi John Adeleye
Hanani Tabana
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Women's Health / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6874
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-023-02813-2

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