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Open Access 01-12-2023 | Mood Disorders | Research

Prevalence of depression in infertile men: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Zahra Kiani, Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari, Atena Hakimzadeh, Sepideh Hajian, Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari, Malihe Nasiri

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2023

Abstract

Background

Generally, infertile men hide their depression, which can threaten their health and lower their quality of life. Given the role of depression and its impact on people's health, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression in infertile men.

Methods

This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). Using the keywords of "Depression", "Emotional Depression", "Infertility", "Prevalence", and "Epidemiology", all English language articles were searched in international databases (PubMed, Cochran library, Web of sciences, Scopus, Embase, PsyINFO, and Google scholar) by two reviewers independently and without considering the time limit until September 2022. Title, abstract, full text and quality of each study were evaluated by two reviewers independently using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale checklist. The results were analyzed using programming language and R software, and I² test and Egger's Test were used to check heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively.

Results

Twenty-two studies were included in the systematic part of this study; and 8 different measurement tools were used to identify depression. Then, based on the possibility of meta-analysis, 18 studies were included in 4 subgroups. Given the heterogeneity of the articles, random effect model was used. The overall prevalence of depression in infertile men was 18.30%. The lowest and highest overall prevalence of depression in men was reported to be 14.04% and 23.63% in the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZDS) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) tools, respectively. The overall prevalence of depression among infertile men was reported to be 18.55% and 16.75% using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) tools, respectively.

Conclusion

Based on the findings of this study, the significant prevalence of depression in infertile men requires a specific attention and planning. The study revealed varying degrees of depression among infertile men, emphasizing the importance of assessing their mental health, specifically in terms of depression, during infertility treatments as a hidden variable. It is strongly recommended to develop training programs for health service providers to effectively utilize diagnostic tools in this particular field.

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Title: Prevalence of depression in infertile men: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zahra Kiani
Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari
Atena Hakimzadeh
Sepideh Hajian
Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari
Malihe Nasiri
Publication date: 01-12-2023
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Mood Disorders
Affective Disorder
Infertility
Infertility
Published in: BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16865-4

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Prevalence of depression in infertile men: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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