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BMC Ophthalmology
Published in: BMC Ophthalmology 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Macular Degeneration | Research

Hyperreflective material in patients with non-neovascular pachychoroid disease

Authors: Maiko Maruyama-Inoue, Yasuo Yanagi, Shaheeda Mohamed, Tatsuya Inoue, Yoko Kitajima, Shoko Ikeda, Kazuaki Kadonosono

Published in: BMC Ophthalmology | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

This study aimed to report eleven cases of non-neovascular pachychoroid disease with hyperreflective material (HRM) that occurred in Japanese patients.

Methods

A retrospective review of data from eleven patients who had non-neovascular retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) protrusion with HRM in the neurosensory retina between March 2017 and June 2022 was conducted. Clinical examination, color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and OCT angiography data were analyzed. Main outcome measures were patient characteristics, changes in SD-OCT findings, and symptom outcomes.

Results

All cases had RPE protrusion and HRM with dilated choroidal veins, which were characteristic of pachychoroid disease. However, none of the cases had macular neovascularization (MNV). In 9 eyes (81.8%), HRM improved spontaneously without intervention and resulted in alterations in RPE, referred to as pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) or focal choroidal excavation (FCE). In these cases, symptoms such as metamorphopsia and distortion improved without treatment. In the remaining two cases (18.2%), HRM still persisted during the follow-up period.

Conclusion

There are some cases of non-neovascular pachychoroid disorder with HRM, which might be a new entity of pachychoroid spectrum disease or an early stage of PPE or FCE. These cases should not be misdiagnosed as MNV, and careful observation is necessary.
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Metadata
Title
Hyperreflective material in patients with non-neovascular pachychoroid disease
Authors
Maiko Maruyama-Inoue
Yasuo Yanagi
Shaheeda Mohamed
Tatsuya Inoue
Yoko Kitajima
Shoko Ikeda
Kazuaki Kadonosono
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Ophthalmology / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2415
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-023-03011-2

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