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Open Access 01-12-2023 | Gastric Cancer | Research

Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer based on clinical characteristics: a meta-analysis

Authors: Gengwei Huo, Wenjie Liu, Peng Chen

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2023

Abstract

Purpose

Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors have been reported in several clinical trials for gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC). We presently carried out a meta analysis to evaluate the potency of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in advanced GC/GEJC individuals with different clinical features and to determine patients more probably benefiting from the treatment.

Methods

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in databases that compared PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors to chemotherapy in patients with GC/GEJC published before May 2022 were retrieved. Basic characteristics were extracted from the included studies as well as hazard ratios (HR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (CI) for all individuals and subgroups. The inverse variance weighting method was used to evaluate pooled treatment data.

Findings

Four RCTs involving 2,253 individuals were included. The results suggested that PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors substantially enhanced overall survival (OS) (HR, 0.91; CI 95%, 0.83–1.00; p = 0.04) but not progression free survival (PFS) (HR, 1.17; CI 95%, 0.83–1.64; p = 0.38) in GC/GEJC individuals compared with chemotherapy. Significantly improved OS was observed in individuals aged < 65 years (HR, 0.84; p = 0.003), and men (HR, 0.88; p = 0.02), but not in individuals aged ≥ 65 years (HR, 0.97; p = 0.62), and women (HR, 0.98; p = 0.82).

Implications

PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors improve OS but not PFS compared with chemotherapy in GC/GEJC. Age and sex could be used to predict the treatment potency of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in GC/GEJC.

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Title: Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer based on clinical characteristics: a meta-analysis
Authors: Gengwei Huo
Wenjie Liu
Peng Chen
Publication date: 01-12-2023
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Gastric Cancer
Gastric Cancer
Checkpoint Inhibitors
Cytostatic Therapy
Published in: BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-10605-y

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