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Open Access 01-06-2010 | Research

The role of angiogenic factors in predicting clinical outcome in severe bacterial infection in Malawian children

Authors: Limangeni A Mankhambo, Daniel L Banda, Graham Jeffers, Sarah A White, Paul Balmer, Standwell Nkhoma, Happy Phiri, Elizabeth M Molyneux, C Anthony Hart, Malcolm E Molyneux, Robert S Heyderman, Enitan D Carrol, The IPD Study Group

Published in: Critical Care | Issue 3/2010

Abstract

Introduction

Severe sepsis is a disease of the microcirculation, with endothelial dysfunction playing a key role in its pathogenesis and subsequent associated mortality. Angiogenesis in damaged small vessels may ameliorate this dysfunction. The aim of the study was to determine whether the angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and -2 (Ang-2)) are mortality indicators in Malawian children with severe bacterial infection.

Methods

In 293 children with severe bacterial infection, plasma VEGF, PDGF, FGF, and Ang-1 and Ang-2 were measured on admission; in 50 of the children with meningitis, VEGF, PDGF, and FGF were also measured in the CSF. Healthy controls comprised children from some of the villages of the index cases. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to develop a prognostic model.

Results

The median age was 2.4 years, and the IQR, 0.7 to 6.0 years. There were 211 children with bacterial meningitis (72%) and 82 (28%) with pneumonia, and 154 (53%) children were HIV infected. Mean VEGF, PDGF, and FGF concentrations were higher in survivors than in nonsurvivors, but only PDGF remained significantly increased in multivariate analysis (P = 0.007). Mean Ang-1 was significantly increased, and Ang-2 was significantly decreased in survivors compared with nonsurvivors (6,000 versus 3,900 pg/ml, P = 0.03; and 7,700 versus 11,900 pg/ml, P = 0.02, respectively). With a logistic regression model and controlling for confounding factors, only female sex (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.33 to 11.76) and low Ang-1 (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.69) were significantly associated with mortality. In children with bacterial meningitis, mean CSF VEGF, PDGF, and FGF concentrations were higher than paired plasma concentrations, and mean CSF, VEGF, and FGF concentrations were higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors (P = 0.02 and 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

Lower plasma VEGF, PDGF, FGF, and Ang-1 concentrations and higher Ang-2 concentrations are associated with an unfavorable outcome in children with severe bacterial infection. These angiogenic factors may be important in the endothelial dysregulation seen in severe bacterial infection, and they could be used as biomarkers for the early identification of patients at risk of a poor outcome.

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Title: The role of angiogenic factors in predicting clinical outcome in severe bacterial infection in Malawian children
Authors: Limangeni A Mankhambo
Daniel L Banda
Graham Jeffers
Sarah A White
Paul Balmer
Standwell Nkhoma
Happy Phiri
Elizabeth M Molyneux
C Anthony Hart
Malcolm E Molyneux
Robert S Heyderman
Enitan D Carrol
The IPD Study Group
Publication date: 01-06-2010
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Critical Care / Issue 3/2010
Electronic ISSN: 1364-8535
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/cc9025

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

The role of angiogenic factors in predicting clinical outcome in severe bacterial infection in Malawian children

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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