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Molecular Autism
Published in: Molecular Autism 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

Association between the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene and mesolimbic responses to rewards

Authors: Cara R Damiano, Joseph Aloi, Kaitlyn Dunlap, Caley J Burrus, Maya G Mosner, Rachel V Kozink, Ralph Edward McLaurin, O’Dhaniel A Mullette-Gillman, Ronald McKell Carter, Scott A Huettel, Francis Joseph McClernon, Allison Ashley-Koch, Gabriel S Dichter

Published in: Molecular Autism | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Background

There has been significant progress in identifying genes that confer risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, the heterogeneity of symptom presentation in ASDs impedes the detection of ASD risk genes. One approach to understanding genetic influences on ASD symptom expression is to evaluate relations between variants of ASD candidate genes and neural endophenotypes in unaffected samples. Allelic variations in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene confer small but significant risk for ASDs for which the underlying mechanisms may involve associations between variability in oxytocin signaling pathways and neural response to rewards. The purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate the influence of allelic variability in the OXTR gene on neural responses to monetary rewards in healthy adults using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Methods

The moderating effects of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1042778, rs2268493 and rs237887) of the OXTR gene on mesolimbic responses to rewards were evaluated using a monetary incentive delay fMRI task.

Results

T homozygotes of the rs2268493 SNP demonstrated relatively decreased activation in mesolimbic reward circuitry (including the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, insula, thalamus and prefrontal cortical regions) during the anticipation of rewards but not during the outcome phase of the task. Allelic variation of the rs1042778 and rs237887 SNPs did not moderate mesolimbic activation during either reward anticipation or outcomes.

Conclusions

This preliminary study suggests that the OXTR SNP rs2268493, which has been previously identified as an ASD risk gene, moderates mesolimbic responses during reward anticipation. Given previous findings of decreased mesolimbic activation during reward anticipation in ASD, the present results suggest that OXTR may confer ASD risk via influences on the neural systems that support reward anticipation.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Association between the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene and mesolimbic responses to rewards
Authors
Cara R Damiano
Joseph Aloi
Kaitlyn Dunlap
Caley J Burrus
Maya G Mosner
Rachel V Kozink
Ralph Edward McLaurin
O’Dhaniel A Mullette-Gillman
Ronald McKell Carter
Scott A Huettel
Francis Joseph McClernon
Allison Ashley-Koch
Gabriel S Dichter
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Autism / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 2040-2392
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/2040-2392-5-7

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