Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Trials 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Study protocol

The GoodNight study—online CBT for insomnia for the indicated prevention of depression: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Authors: John A Gosling, Nick Glozier, Kathleen Griffiths, Lee Ritterband, Frances Thorndike, Andrew Mackinnon, Kanupriya Kalia Hehir, Anthony Bennett, Kylie Bennett, Helen Christensen

Published in: Trials | Issue 1/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) delivered through the Internet is effective as a treatment in reducing insomnia in individuals seeking help for insomnia. CBT-I also lowers levels of depression in this group. However, it is not known if targeting insomnia using CBT-I will lower depressive symptoms, and thus reduce the risk of major depressive episode onset, in those specifically at risk for depression. Therefore, this study aims to examine whether Internet delivery of fully automated self-help CBT-I designed to reduce insomnia will prevent depression.

Method/design

A sample of 1,600 community-dwelling adults (aged 18–64), who screen positive for both subclinical levels of depressive symptoms and insomnia, will be recruited via various media and randomised to either a 9-week online insomnia treatment programme, Sleep Healthy Using The internet (SHUTi), or an online attention-matched control group (HealthWatch). The primary outcome variable will be depression symptom levels at the 6-month post-intervention on the Patient Heath Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). A secondary outcome will be onset of major depressive episodes assessed at the 6-month post-intervention using ‘current’ and ‘time from intervention’ criteria from the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

Discussion

This trial is the first randomised controlled trial of an Internet-based insomnia intervention as an indicated preventative programme for depression. If effective, online provision of a depression prevention programme will facilitate dissemination.

Trial registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), Registration number: ACTRN12611000121​965.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Smith JP, Smith GC: Long-term economic costs of psychological problems during childhood. Soc Sci Med. 2010, 71 (1): 110-115. 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.02.046.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Smith JP, Smith GC: Long-term economic costs of psychological problems during childhood. Soc Sci Med. 2010, 71 (1): 110-115. 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.02.046.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
go back to reference Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJL: Measuring the Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, 1990–2001. 2006, Washington, DC: Oxford University Press/The World BankCrossRef Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJL: Measuring the Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors, 1990–2001. 2006, Washington, DC: Oxford University Press/The World BankCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Cuijpers P, van Straten A, Smit F, Mihalopoulos C, Beekman A: Preventing the onset of depressive disorders: a meta-analytic review of psychological interventions. Am J Psychiatry. 2008, 165 (10): 1272-1280. 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07091422.CrossRefPubMed Cuijpers P, van Straten A, Smit F, Mihalopoulos C, Beekman A: Preventing the onset of depressive disorders: a meta-analytic review of psychological interventions. Am J Psychiatry. 2008, 165 (10): 1272-1280. 10.1176/appi.ajp.2008.07091422.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Munoz RF, Cuijpers P, Smit F, Barrera AZ, Leykin Y: Prevention of major depression. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2010, 6: 181-212. 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-033109-132040.CrossRefPubMed Munoz RF, Cuijpers P, Smit F, Barrera AZ, Leykin Y: Prevention of major depression. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2010, 6: 181-212. 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-033109-132040.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Drake CL, Roehrs T, Roth T: Insomnia causes, consequences, and therapeutics: an overview. Depress Anxiety. 2003, 18 (4): 163-176. 10.1002/da.10151.CrossRefPubMed Drake CL, Roehrs T, Roth T: Insomnia causes, consequences, and therapeutics: an overview. Depress Anxiety. 2003, 18 (4): 163-176. 10.1002/da.10151.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Judd LL, Paulus MJ, Schettler PJ: Does incomplete recovery from first lifetime major depressive episode herald a chronic course of illness?. Am J Psychiatry. 2000, 157 (9): 1501-1504. 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.9.1501.CrossRefPubMed Judd LL, Paulus MJ, Schettler PJ: Does incomplete recovery from first lifetime major depressive episode herald a chronic course of illness?. Am J Psychiatry. 2000, 157 (9): 1501-1504. 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.9.1501.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference Carney CE, Segal ZV, Edinger JD, Krystal AD: A comparison of rates of residual insomnia symptoms following pharmacotherapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007, 68 (2): 254-260. 10.4088/JCP.v68n0211.CrossRefPubMed Carney CE, Segal ZV, Edinger JD, Krystal AD: A comparison of rates of residual insomnia symptoms following pharmacotherapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy for major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007, 68 (2): 254-260. 10.4088/JCP.v68n0211.CrossRefPubMed
9.
go back to reference Ohayon MM, Roth T: Place of chronic insomnia in the course of depressive and anxiety disorders. J Psychiatr Res. 2003, 37 (1): 9-15. 10.1016/S0022-3956(02)00052-3.CrossRefPubMed Ohayon MM, Roth T: Place of chronic insomnia in the course of depressive and anxiety disorders. J Psychiatr Res. 2003, 37 (1): 9-15. 10.1016/S0022-3956(02)00052-3.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Nowell PD, Buysse DJ: Treatment of insomnia in patients with mood disorders. Depress Anxiety. 2001, 14 (1): 7-18. 10.1002/da.1042.CrossRefPubMed Nowell PD, Buysse DJ: Treatment of insomnia in patients with mood disorders. Depress Anxiety. 2001, 14 (1): 7-18. 10.1002/da.1042.CrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Dryman A, Eaton WW: Affective symptoms associated with the onset of major depression in the community: findings from the US National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1991, 84 (1): 1-5. 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb01410.x.CrossRefPubMed Dryman A, Eaton WW: Affective symptoms associated with the onset of major depression in the community: findings from the US National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1991, 84 (1): 1-5. 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1991.tb01410.x.CrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Roth T: The relationship between psychiatric diseases and insomnia. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2001, 116: 3-8.PubMed Roth T: The relationship between psychiatric diseases and insomnia. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2001, 116: 3-8.PubMed
13.
go back to reference Chang PP, Ford DE, Mead LA, Cooper-Patrick L, Klag MJ: Insomnia in young men and subsequent depression. The Johns Hopkins precursors study. Am J Epidemiol. 1997, 146 (2): 105-114. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009241.CrossRefPubMed Chang PP, Ford DE, Mead LA, Cooper-Patrick L, Klag MJ: Insomnia in young men and subsequent depression. The Johns Hopkins precursors study. Am J Epidemiol. 1997, 146 (2): 105-114. 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009241.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Murphy JM, Laird NM, Monson RR, Sobol AM, Leighton AH: A 40-year perspective on the prevalence of depression: the Stirling county study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000, 57 (3): 209-215. 10.1001/archpsyc.57.3.209.CrossRefPubMed Murphy JM, Laird NM, Monson RR, Sobol AM, Leighton AH: A 40-year perspective on the prevalence of depression: the Stirling county study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000, 57 (3): 209-215. 10.1001/archpsyc.57.3.209.CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Jansson-Frojmark M, Lindblom K: A bidirectional relationship between anxiety and depression, and insomnia? A prospective study in the general population. J Psychosom Res. 2008, 64 (4): 443-449. 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.10.016.CrossRefPubMed Jansson-Frojmark M, Lindblom K: A bidirectional relationship between anxiety and depression, and insomnia? A prospective study in the general population. J Psychosom Res. 2008, 64 (4): 443-449. 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2007.10.016.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Johnson EO, Roth T, Breslau N: The association of insomnia with anxiety disorders and depression: exploration of the direction of risk. J Psychiatr Res. 2006, 40 (8): 700-708. 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.07.008.CrossRefPubMed Johnson EO, Roth T, Breslau N: The association of insomnia with anxiety disorders and depression: exploration of the direction of risk. J Psychiatr Res. 2006, 40 (8): 700-708. 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.07.008.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Buysse DJ, Angst J, Gamma A, Ajdacic V, Eich D, Rossler W: Prevalence, course, and comorbidity of insomnia and depression in young adults. Sleep. 2008, 31 (4): 473-480.PubMedPubMedCentral Buysse DJ, Angst J, Gamma A, Ajdacic V, Eich D, Rossler W: Prevalence, course, and comorbidity of insomnia and depression in young adults. Sleep. 2008, 31 (4): 473-480.PubMedPubMedCentral
18.
go back to reference Morin CM, LeBlanc M, Daley M, Gregoire JP, Merette C: Epidemiology of insomnia: prevalence, self-help treatments, consultations, and determinants of help-seeking behaviors. Sleep Med. 2006, 7 (2): 123-130. 10.1016/j.sleep.2005.08.008.CrossRefPubMed Morin CM, LeBlanc M, Daley M, Gregoire JP, Merette C: Epidemiology of insomnia: prevalence, self-help treatments, consultations, and determinants of help-seeking behaviors. Sleep Med. 2006, 7 (2): 123-130. 10.1016/j.sleep.2005.08.008.CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Manber R, Edinger JD, Gress JL, San Pedro-Salcedo MG, Kuo TF, Kalista T: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia enhances depression outcome in patients with comorbid major depressive disorder and insomnia. Sleep. 2008, 31 (4): 489-495.PubMedPubMedCentral Manber R, Edinger JD, Gress JL, San Pedro-Salcedo MG, Kuo TF, Kalista T: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia enhances depression outcome in patients with comorbid major depressive disorder and insomnia. Sleep. 2008, 31 (4): 489-495.PubMedPubMedCentral
20.
go back to reference Krystal AD: Sleep and psychiatric disorders: future directions. Psychiatr Clinics of North Am. 2006, 29 (4): 1115-1130. 10.1016/j.psc.2006.09.001. abstract xiCrossRef Krystal AD: Sleep and psychiatric disorders: future directions. Psychiatr Clinics of North Am. 2006, 29 (4): 1115-1130. 10.1016/j.psc.2006.09.001. abstract xiCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Krystal AD: Psychiatric comorbidity: the case for treating insomnia. Sleep Med Clin. 2006, 1 (3): 359-365. 10.1016/j.jsmc.2006.06.007.CrossRef Krystal AD: Psychiatric comorbidity: the case for treating insomnia. Sleep Med Clin. 2006, 1 (3): 359-365. 10.1016/j.jsmc.2006.06.007.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Marawetz D: Insomnia and depression: Which comes first?. Sleep Res Online. 2003, 5 (2): 77-81. Marawetz D: Insomnia and depression: Which comes first?. Sleep Res Online. 2003, 5 (2): 77-81.
23.
go back to reference Currie SR, Clark S, Hodgins DC, El-Guebaly N: Randomized controlled trial of brief cognitive-behavioural interventions for insomnia in recovering alcoholics. Addiction. 2004, 99 (9): 1121-1132. 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00835.x.CrossRefPubMed Currie SR, Clark S, Hodgins DC, El-Guebaly N: Randomized controlled trial of brief cognitive-behavioural interventions for insomnia in recovering alcoholics. Addiction. 2004, 99 (9): 1121-1132. 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00835.x.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Mimeault V, Morin CM: Self-help treatment for insomnia: bibliotherapy with and without professional guidance. J Consulting Clin Psychol. 1999, 67 (4): 511-519.CrossRef Mimeault V, Morin CM: Self-help treatment for insomnia: bibliotherapy with and without professional guidance. J Consulting Clin Psychol. 1999, 67 (4): 511-519.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Gillham JE: Review: selective and indicated programmes are more effective than universal programmes for preventing depression in children and adolescents at 6 month follow-up. Evid Based Ment Health. 2007, 10 (2): 52-10.1136/ebmh.10.2.52.CrossRefPubMed Gillham JE: Review: selective and indicated programmes are more effective than universal programmes for preventing depression in children and adolescents at 6 month follow-up. Evid Based Ment Health. 2007, 10 (2): 52-10.1136/ebmh.10.2.52.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Morin CM, Bootzin RR, Buysse DJ, Edinger JD, Espie CA, Lichstein KL: Psychological and behavioral treatment of insomnia: update of the recent evidence (1998–2004). Sleep. 2006, 29 (11): 1398-1414.PubMed Morin CM, Bootzin RR, Buysse DJ, Edinger JD, Espie CA, Lichstein KL: Psychological and behavioral treatment of insomnia: update of the recent evidence (1998–2004). Sleep. 2006, 29 (11): 1398-1414.PubMed
27.
go back to reference National Institutes of Health: NIH state of the science conference statement on manifestations and management of chronic insomnia in adults, June 13–15, 2005. Sleep. 2005, 28 (9): 1049-1057. National Institutes of Health: NIH state of the science conference statement on manifestations and management of chronic insomnia in adults, June 13–15, 2005. Sleep. 2005, 28 (9): 1049-1057.
28.
go back to reference Lichstein KL, Wilson NM, Johnson CT: Psychological treatment of secondary insomnia. Psychol Aging. 2000, 15 (2): 232-240.CrossRefPubMed Lichstein KL, Wilson NM, Johnson CT: Psychological treatment of secondary insomnia. Psychol Aging. 2000, 15 (2): 232-240.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Taylor DJ, Lichstein KL, Weinstock J, Sanford S, Temple JR: A pilot study of cognitive-behavioral therapy of insomnia in people with mild depression. Behav Ther. 2007, 38 (1): 49-57. 10.1016/j.beth.2006.04.002.CrossRefPubMed Taylor DJ, Lichstein KL, Weinstock J, Sanford S, Temple JR: A pilot study of cognitive-behavioral therapy of insomnia in people with mild depression. Behav Ther. 2007, 38 (1): 49-57. 10.1016/j.beth.2006.04.002.CrossRefPubMed
30.
go back to reference Thorndike F, Ritterband L, Gonder-Frederick L, Lord H, Ingersoll K, Morin C: A randomized controlled trial of an Internet intervention for adults with insomnia: effects on comorbid psychological and fatigue symptoms. J Clin Psychol. 2013, 69 (10): 1078-1093. 10.1002/jclp.22032.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Thorndike F, Ritterband L, Gonder-Frederick L, Lord H, Ingersoll K, Morin C: A randomized controlled trial of an Internet intervention for adults with insomnia: effects on comorbid psychological and fatigue symptoms. J Clin Psychol. 2013, 69 (10): 1078-1093. 10.1002/jclp.22032.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
go back to reference Ritterband LM, Thorndike FP, Gonder-Frederick LA: Efficacy of an Internet-based behavioral intervention for adults with insomnia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009, 66 (7): 692-698. 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.66.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ritterband LM, Thorndike FP, Gonder-Frederick LA: Efficacy of an Internet-based behavioral intervention for adults with insomnia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009, 66 (7): 692-698. 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.66.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
go back to reference Edinger JD, Means MK: Cognitive-behavioral therapy for primary insomnia. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005, 25 (5): 539-558. 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.003.CrossRefPubMed Edinger JD, Means MK: Cognitive-behavioral therapy for primary insomnia. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005, 25 (5): 539-558. 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.003.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Christensen H, Griffiths K: Reaching standards for dissemination: a case study. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2007, 129 (Pt 1): 459-463.PubMed Christensen H, Griffiths K: Reaching standards for dissemination: a case study. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2007, 129 (Pt 1): 459-463.PubMed
34.
go back to reference Leach LS, Christensen H, Griffiths KM, Jorm AF, Mackinnon AJ: Websites as a mode of delivering mental health information: perceptions from the Australian public. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007, 42 (2): 167-172. 10.1007/s00127-006-0138-z.CrossRefPubMed Leach LS, Christensen H, Griffiths KM, Jorm AF, Mackinnon AJ: Websites as a mode of delivering mental health information: perceptions from the Australian public. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007, 42 (2): 167-172. 10.1007/s00127-006-0138-z.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Ritterband LM, Bailey ET, Thorndike FP, Lord HR, Farrell-Carnahan L, Baum LD: Initial evaluation of an Internet intervention to improve the sleep of cancer survivors with insomnia. Psychooncology. 2011, 21 (7): 695-705.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ritterband LM, Bailey ET, Thorndike FP, Lord HR, Farrell-Carnahan L, Baum LD: Initial evaluation of an Internet intervention to improve the sleep of cancer survivors with insomnia. Psychooncology. 2011, 21 (7): 695-705.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
go back to reference Griffiths KM, Crisp D, Christensen H, Mackinnon AJ, Bennett K: The ANU WellBeing study: a protocol for a quasi-factorial randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of an Internet support group and an automated Internet intervention for depression. BMC Psychiatry. 2010, 10: 20-10.1186/1471-244X-10-20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Griffiths KM, Crisp D, Christensen H, Mackinnon AJ, Bennett K: The ANU WellBeing study: a protocol for a quasi-factorial randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of an Internet support group and an automated Internet intervention for depression. BMC Psychiatry. 2010, 10: 20-10.1186/1471-244X-10-20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
37.
go back to reference Christensen H, Griffiths KM, Mackinnon AJ: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of an online e health application for the prevention of generalised anxiety disorder. BMC Psychiatry. 2010, 10: 25-10.1186/1471-244X-10-25.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Christensen H, Griffiths KM, Mackinnon AJ: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial investigating the effectiveness of an online e health application for the prevention of generalised anxiety disorder. BMC Psychiatry. 2010, 10: 25-10.1186/1471-244X-10-25.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
go back to reference Morgan AJ, Jorm A, Mackinnon A: Internet-based recruitment to a depression prevention intervention: lessons from the mood memos study. J Med Internet Res. 2013, 15 (2): e31-10.2196/jmir.2262.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Morgan AJ, Jorm A, Mackinnon A: Internet-based recruitment to a depression prevention intervention: lessons from the mood memos study. J Med Internet Res. 2013, 15 (2): e31-10.2196/jmir.2262.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
go back to reference Batterham P, Batterham PJ: Recruitment of mental health survey participants using internet advertising: content, characteristics and cost effectiveness. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. In Press Batterham P, Batterham PJ: Recruitment of mental health survey participants using internet advertising: content, characteristics and cost effectiveness. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. In Press
40.
go back to reference Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Nordhus IH, Sivertsen B, Hjornevik M, Morin CM: A new scale for measuring insomnia: the Bergen insomnia scale. Percept Mot Skills. 2008, 107 (3): 691-706. 10.2466/pms.107.3.691-706.CrossRefPubMed Pallesen S, Bjorvatn B, Nordhus IH, Sivertsen B, Hjornevik M, Morin CM: A new scale for measuring insomnia: the Bergen insomnia scale. Percept Mot Skills. 2008, 107 (3): 691-706. 10.2466/pms.107.3.691-706.CrossRefPubMed
41.
go back to reference Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB: Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Primary care evaluation of mental disorders. Patient health questionnaire. JAMA. 1999, 282 (18): 1737-1744. 10.1001/jama.282.18.1737.CrossRefPubMed Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB: Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Primary care evaluation of mental disorders. Patient health questionnaire. JAMA. 1999, 282 (18): 1737-1744. 10.1001/jama.282.18.1737.CrossRefPubMed
42.
go back to reference Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH: The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998, 59 (Suppl 20): 22-33.PubMed Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH: The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998, 59 (Suppl 20): 22-33.PubMed
43.
go back to reference Thorndike FP, Saylor DK, Bailey ET, Gonder-Frederick L, Morin CM, Ritterband LM: Development and perceived utility and impact of an internet intervention for insomnia. E J Appl Psychol. 2008, 4 (2): 32-42.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Thorndike FP, Saylor DK, Bailey ET, Gonder-Frederick L, Morin CM, Ritterband LM: Development and perceived utility and impact of an internet intervention for insomnia. E J Appl Psychol. 2008, 4 (2): 32-42.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
44.
go back to reference Morin CM, Stone J, Trinkle D, Mercer J, Remsberg S: Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep among older adults with and without insomnia complaints. Psychol Aging. 1993, 8 (3): 463-467.CrossRefPubMed Morin CM, Stone J, Trinkle D, Mercer J, Remsberg S: Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep among older adults with and without insomnia complaints. Psychol Aging. 1993, 8 (3): 463-467.CrossRefPubMed
45.
go back to reference Griffiths KM, Mackinnon AJ, Crisp DA, Christensen H, Bennett K, Farrer L: The effectiveness of an online support group for members of the community with depression: a randomised controlled trial. PLoS One. 2012, 7 (12): e53244-10.1371/journal.pone.0053244.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Griffiths KM, Mackinnon AJ, Crisp DA, Christensen H, Bennett K, Farrer L: The effectiveness of an online support group for members of the community with depression: a randomised controlled trial. PLoS One. 2012, 7 (12): e53244-10.1371/journal.pone.0053244.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
46.
go back to reference Morin CM, Belleville G, Belanger L, Ivers H: The insomnia severity index: psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep. 2011, 34 (5): 601-608.PubMedPubMedCentral Morin CM, Belleville G, Belanger L, Ivers H: The insomnia severity index: psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response. Sleep. 2011, 34 (5): 601-608.PubMedPubMedCentral
47.
go back to reference Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Lowe B: A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006, 166 (10): 1092-1097. 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092.CrossRefPubMed Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Lowe B: A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006, 166 (10): 1092-1097. 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Lindelow M, Hardy R, Rodgers B: Development of a scale to measure symptoms of anxiety and depression in the general UK population: the psychiatric symptom frequency scale. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1997, 51 (5): 549-557. 10.1136/jech.51.5.549.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lindelow M, Hardy R, Rodgers B: Development of a scale to measure symptoms of anxiety and depression in the general UK population: the psychiatric symptom frequency scale. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1997, 51 (5): 549-557. 10.1136/jech.51.5.549.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
go back to reference Ustun TB, Chatterji S, Kostanjsek N: Developing the World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0. Bull World Health Organ. 2010, 88 (11): 815-823. 10.2471/BLT.09.067231.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Ustun TB, Chatterji S, Kostanjsek N: Developing the World Health Organization disability assessment schedule 2.0. Bull World Health Organ. 2010, 88 (11): 815-823. 10.2471/BLT.09.067231.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
50.
go back to reference Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M: International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003, 35 (8): 1381-1395.CrossRefPubMed Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M: International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003, 35 (8): 1381-1395.CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Wilson CJ, Deane FP, Ciarrochi J, Rickwood D: Measuring help-seeking intentions: properties of the general help-seeking questionnaire. Can J Couns. 2005, 39 (1): 15-28. Wilson CJ, Deane FP, Ciarrochi J, Rickwood D: Measuring help-seeking intentions: properties of the general help-seeking questionnaire. Can J Couns. 2005, 39 (1): 15-28.
52.
go back to reference Rickwood DJ, Braithwaite VA: Social-psychological factors affecting help-seeking for emotional problems. Soc Sci Med. 1994, 39 (4): 563-572. 10.1016/0277-9536(94)90099-X.CrossRefPubMed Rickwood DJ, Braithwaite VA: Social-psychological factors affecting help-seeking for emotional problems. Soc Sci Med. 1994, 39 (4): 563-572. 10.1016/0277-9536(94)90099-X.CrossRefPubMed
53.
go back to reference Morin CM, Vallieres A, Ivers H: Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep (DBAS): validation of a brief version (DBAS-16). Sleep. 2007, 30 (11): 1547-1554.PubMedPubMedCentral Morin CM, Vallieres A, Ivers H: Dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep (DBAS): validation of a brief version (DBAS-16). Sleep. 2007, 30 (11): 1547-1554.PubMedPubMedCentral
54.
go back to reference Semler CN, Harvey AG: Monitoring for sleep-related threat: a pilot study of the Sleep Associated Monitoring Index (SAMI). Psychosom Med. 2004, 66 (2): 242-250. 10.1097/01.PSY.0000114870.50968.90.CrossRefPubMed Semler CN, Harvey AG: Monitoring for sleep-related threat: a pilot study of the Sleep Associated Monitoring Index (SAMI). Psychosom Med. 2004, 66 (2): 242-250. 10.1097/01.PSY.0000114870.50968.90.CrossRefPubMed
55.
go back to reference Lachman ME, Tun PA: Handbook of Cognitive Aging: Interdisciplinary Perspective. Cognitive Testing in Large-Scale Surveys: Assessment by Telephone. 2008, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc; US, 506-523. Lachman ME, Tun PA: Handbook of Cognitive Aging: Interdisciplinary Perspective. Cognitive Testing in Large-Scale Surveys: Assessment by Telephone. 2008, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc; US, 506-523.
56.
go back to reference Thorndike FP, Ritterband LM, Saylor DK, Magee JC, Gonder-Frederick LA, Morin CM: Validation of the insomnia severity index as a web-based measure. Behav Sleep Med. 2011, 9 (4): 216-223. 10.1080/15402002.2011.606766.CrossRefPubMed Thorndike FP, Ritterband LM, Saylor DK, Magee JC, Gonder-Frederick LA, Morin CM: Validation of the insomnia severity index as a web-based measure. Behav Sleep Med. 2011, 9 (4): 216-223. 10.1080/15402002.2011.606766.CrossRefPubMed
57.
go back to reference Tun PA, Lachman ME: Telephone assessment of cognitive function in adulthood: the brief test of adult cognition by telephone. Age Ageing. 2006, 35 (6): 629-632. 10.1093/ageing/afl095.CrossRefPubMed Tun PA, Lachman ME: Telephone assessment of cognitive function in adulthood: the brief test of adult cognition by telephone. Age Ageing. 2006, 35 (6): 629-632. 10.1093/ageing/afl095.CrossRefPubMed
58.
go back to reference Janca A, Kastrup M, Katschnig H, Lopez-Ibor JJ, Mezzich JE, Sartorius N: The World Health Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO DAS-S): a tool for the assessment of difficulties in selected areas of functioning of patients with mental disorders. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1996, 31 (6): 349-354. 10.1007/BF00783424.CrossRefPubMed Janca A, Kastrup M, Katschnig H, Lopez-Ibor JJ, Mezzich JE, Sartorius N: The World Health Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule (WHO DAS-S): a tool for the assessment of difficulties in selected areas of functioning of patients with mental disorders. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1996, 31 (6): 349-354. 10.1007/BF00783424.CrossRefPubMed
59.
go back to reference Ware J, Kosinski M, Keller SD: A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care. 1996, 34 (3): 220-233. 10.1097/00005650-199603000-00003.CrossRefPubMed Ware J, Kosinski M, Keller SD: A 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey: construction of scales and preliminary tests of reliability and validity. Med Care. 1996, 34 (3): 220-233. 10.1097/00005650-199603000-00003.CrossRefPubMed
60.
go back to reference Beecham J, Knapp M: Costing Psychiatric Interventions. Measuring Mental Health Needs. 1992, London, England: Gaskell/Royal College of Psychiatrists; England, 163-183. Beecham J, Knapp M: Costing Psychiatric Interventions. Measuring Mental Health Needs. 1992, London, England: Gaskell/Royal College of Psychiatrists; England, 163-183.
61.
go back to reference Anstey KJ, Christensen H, Butterworth P, Easteal S, Mackinnon A, Jacomb T, Maxwell K, Rodgers B, Windsor T, Cherbuin N, Jorm AF: Cohort profile: the PATH through life project. Int J Epidemiol. 2011, doi:10.1093/ije/dyr025:1–10 Anstey KJ, Christensen H, Butterworth P, Easteal S, Mackinnon A, Jacomb T, Maxwell K, Rodgers B, Windsor T, Cherbuin N, Jorm AF: Cohort profile: the PATH through life project. Int J Epidemiol. 2011, doi:10.1093/ije/dyr025:1–10
62.
go back to reference Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB: The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001, 16 (9): 606-613. 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB: The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001, 16 (9): 606-613. 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
The GoodNight study—online CBT for insomnia for the indicated prevention of depression: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors
John A Gosling
Nick Glozier
Kathleen Griffiths
Lee Ritterband
Frances Thorndike
Andrew Mackinnon
Kanupriya Kalia Hehir
Anthony Bennett
Kylie Bennett
Helen Christensen
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Trials / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-15-56

Other articles of this Issue 1/2014

Trials 1/2014 Go to the issue