Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Reproductive Health
Published in: Reproductive Health 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

Fertility intentions among HIV positive women aged 18–49 years in Addis Ababa Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

Authors: Hussen Mekonnen Asfaw, Fikre Enquselassie Gashe

Published in: Reproductive Health | Issue 1/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Given the degree of HIV epidemic among women and the current antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale up in Ethiopia; considering the issue of fertility is vital to ensure the delivery of integrated reproductive health along with prevention services provided to positive women. This study was aimed to assess fertility intentions of women living with HIV attending public health institutions (hospitals & health centers) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods

Institution based cross sectional survey was conducted, among 1855 HIV positive, women aged 18–49 years selected from different public health facilities in Addis Ababa; from June to October 2012. Information was gathered by using interviewer administered questionnaires. Data were double entered in EPI Info version 3.5.2 software, cleaned finally exported to IBM SPSS statistics version 20 for analysis. Logistic regression models were used to predict the association of study variables and adjusted for possible confounders.

Result

Overall, 44% of women reported fertility intention. ART users had higher fertility intention (AOR; 1.26, 95%CI; 1.01 to 1.60) than ART naïve. In addition to this, having partner being on sexual relationship, young age, being single and having fewer or no children were found to be predictors of fertility intentions. The presence of ART, improvement of health condition and the influence of husband were the main reasons for childbearing intentions of women in the study area.

Conclusion

A considerable proportion of women reported fertility intention. There was an association between fertility intentions and ART use. It is important for health care providers and policy makers to strengthen the fertility need of HIV positive women along with HIV care so that women may decide freely and responsibly on their fertility issues.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
UNAIDS: Global Report: UNAIDS Report on Global AIDS Epidemic. 2012, Geneva: UNAIDS
2.
UNAIDS WHO: Global HIV/AIDS Response-Epidemic Update and Health Sector Progress Towards Universal Access-Progress Report. 2011, Geneva: UNAIDS
3.
UNAIDS: Report on HIV Epidemic in Eastern and Southern Africa. 2013, Geneva: Regional Report UNAIDS
4.
Federal Ministry of Health Ethiopia FMoHE: Health and Health Related Indicators. 2011, Addis Ababa: FMoHE
5.
Andia I, Kaida A, Maier M, Guzman D, Emenyonu N, Pepper L, David R, Robert S: Highly active antiretroviral therapy and increased use of contraceptives among HIVpositive women during expanding access to antiretroviral therapy in Mbarara, Uganda. Am J Public Health. 2009, 99 (2): 340-347. 10.2105/AJPH.2007.129528.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
6.
Myer L, Morroni C, Rebe K: Prevalence and determinants of fertility intentions of HIV-infected women and men receiving antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2007, 21 (4): 278-285. 10.1089/apc.2006.0108.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Cooper D, Harries J, Myer L, Orner P, Bracken H, Zweigenthal V: “Life is still going on” Reproductive intentions among HIV-positive women and men in South Africa. Soc Sci Med. 2007, 65 (2): 274-283. 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.03.019.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Homsy J, Bunnell R, Moore D, King R, Malamba S, Nakityo R, Glidden D, Tappero J, Mermin J: Reproductive intentions and outcomes among women on antiretroviral therapy in rural Uganda: a prospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2009, 4 (1): e4149-10.1371/journal.pone.0004149.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Baylies C: The impact of HIV on family size preference in Zambia. Reprod Health Matters. 2000, 8: 77-86.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Feldman R, Matters , Maposhere C: Safer sex and reproductive choice: findings from positive women: voices and choices’ in Zimbabwe. Reprod Health Matters. 2003, 11: 162-173. 10.1016/S0968-8080(03)02284-5.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Oladapo O, Daniel O, Odusoga O, Ayoola-Sotubo O: Fertility desires and intentions of HIV-positive patients at a suburban specialist center. J Natl Med Assoc. 2005, 97 (12): 1672-1681.PubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Iliyasu Z, Abubakar I, Kabir M, Babashani M, Faisal , Shuaib F, Aliy MH: Correlates of fertility intentions among HIV/AIDS patients in Northern Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health. 2009, 13 (3): 71-83.PubMed
13.
Laura P: High risk sexual behavior and fertility desire among hetrosexaul HIV positive patients with a sero-discordant partner two challenging issue. Swiss Med Wkly. 2003, 133: 124-127.
14.
Spriggs M, Charles T: Should HIV discordant couples have access to assisted reproductive technologies?. J Med Ethics. 2003, 29: 325-329. 10.1136/jme.29.6.325.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
15.
Olufemi T, Olusoji J, Okanlawon L, Oluwafayukemi A: Fertility desires and intentions of HIV-positive patients at a suburban specialist center Nigeria. J Natl Med Assoc. 2005, 97 (12): 1672-168.
16.
Nóbreg AA, Oliveira FA, Galvão MT, Mota RS, Barbosa RM, Dourado I, Kendall C, Kerr-Pontes LRS: Desire for a child among women living with HIV/AIDS in Northeast Brazil. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2007, 21 (4): 261-267. 10.1089/apc.2006.0116.CrossRef
17.
Othman K, Michael O, Dan K: Factors that predict fertility desires for people living with HIV infection at a support and treatment centre in Kabale Uganda. Reprod Health. 2010, 7 (27): doi:10.1186/1742-4755-7-27
18.
Kanniappan S, Jeyapaul MJ, Kalyanwala S: Desire for motherhood: exploring HIV-positive women’s desires, intentions and decision-making in attaining motherhood. AIDS Care. 2008, 20 (6): 625-630. 10.1080/09540120701660361.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Chen JP, Phillips KA, Kanouse D, Collings L, Mil A: Fertility desires and intentions of HIV positive men and women. Family Planning Perspec. 2001, 33 (4): 144-152. 10.2307/2673717. 65CrossRef
20.
Myer L, Rebe K, Morroni C: Missed opportunities to address reproductive health care needs among HIV-infected women in antiretroviral therapy programmes. Trop Med Int Health. 2007, 12 (12): 1484-1489. 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01955.x.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Ogilvie GS, Palepu A, Remple VP, Maan E, Heath K, MacDonald G, Christilaw J, Berkowitz J, Fisher WA, Burdge DR: Fertility intentions of women of reproductive age living with HIV in British Columbia, Canada. AIDS Care. 2007, 21 (Suppl 1): S83-S88. 10.1097/01.aids.0000255090.51921.60.CrossRef
22.
Cooper D, Moodley J, Zweigenthal V, Bekker LG, Shah I, Myer L: Fertility intentions and reproductive health care needs of people living with HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: implications for integrating reproductive health and HIV care services. AIDS Behav. 2009, 13 (Suppl 1): 38-46.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Kaida A, Laher F, Strathdee SA, Janssen PA, Money D, Hogg RS, Gray G: Childbearing intentions of HIV-positive women of reproductive age in Soweto, South Africa: the influence of expanding access to HAART in an HIV hyper endemic setting. Am J Public Health. 2011, 101 (2): 350-358. 10.2105/AJPH.2009.177469.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
24.
Ndlovu V: Considering childbearing in the age of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) views of HIV-positive couples Bulawayo Zimbabwe. JSoc Aspects HIV/AIDS. 2009, 6 (2): 2-
25.
26.
UNAIDS, WHO: AIDS Epidemic Update. 2010, Geneva: UNAIDS/WHO
27.
Federal Ministry of Health Ehiopia FMoHE, Federal HIV and AIDS Prevention and Control Office FHAPCO: Prevention with Positives (PWP). Five HIV Prevention Steps For People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Tool for Health Care Providers in HIV Care and Treatment Settings Participant’s Manual. 2008, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: FMoHE, 1-2. 2008
28.
Assefa B: Fertility desire and FP use in PLWH on pre-ART and ART care in public facilities of Addis Ababa City Administration. EPHA Sponsored Masters Thesis. 2009, 131-136. 12
29.
Debeko K, Seme A: Sexual and reproductive health needs and preferences of people living with HIV/AIDS in Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region. 2007, Masters Thesis , DCH, AAU
30.
Tamene W, Fantahun M: Fertility desire and family-planning demand among HIV-positive women and men undergoing antiretroviral treatment in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Afr J AIDS Res. 2007, 6 (3): 223-227. 10.2989/16085900709490418.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Worku D: Fertility intension and demand for family planning among people on ART Follow up in North Wollo, Ethiopia. 2010, 21ST Annual Public Health Conference
32.
Federal Ministry of Health Ethiopia FMoHE: National Comprehensive PMTCT/MNCH Training Package, Facilitator’s Guide. 2013, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: FMoHE, 11-25.
33.
34.
Addis Ababa HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Office AAHAPCO Addis Ababa City Administration HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Office(AAHAPCO): Strategic Planning (2007–2011), Office Document. 2010, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: AAHPCO
35.
Federal Ministry of Health Ethiopia (FMoHE): Antiretroviral Therapy Guidelines for Adult Patients in Ethiopia. 2008, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: FMoHE, 2
36.
37.
38.
Fletcher M: Principles and Practice of Epidemiology. 1992, Ethiopia: Addis Ababa University, 178-189. 1
39.
Kaida A, Laher F, Steffanie S, Money D, Janssen P, Hogg R, Hogg RS, Gray G: Contraceptive use and method preference among women in Soweto South Africa the influence of expanding access to HIV care and treatment services. PLoS One. 2010, 5 (11): e13868-10.1371/journal.pone.0013868. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013868CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Getachew M, Alemseged F, Abera M, Deribew A: Factors affecting fertility decisions of married men and women living with HIV in South Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Dev. 2010, 24 (3): 214-220.
41.
Wagner GJ, Wanyenze R: Fertility desire and intentions and the relationships to consistent condom use and providers communication regarding childbearing among HIV clients in Uganda. ISRN Infect Dis. 2013, 7-doi:10.5402/2013/478192. Article ID 478192
42.
Loutfy MR, Hart TA, Mohammed SS, DeSheng Su D, Ralph ED, Walmsley SL, Soje LC, Muchenje M, Rachlis AR, Smaill FM, Angel JB, Raboud JM, Silverman MS, Tharao WE, Gough K, Yudin MH: Fertility desires and intentions of HIV-positive women of reproductive age in Ontario, Canada: a cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2009, 4 (12): e7925-10.1371/journal.pone.0007925. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007925CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
43.
Maier M, Andia I, Emenyonu N, Guzman D, Kaida A, Pepper L, Hogg R, Bangsberg DR: Antiretroviral therapy is associated with increased fertility desire, but not pregnancy or live birth, among HIV positive women in an early HIV treatment program in rural Uganda. AIDS Behav. 2009, 13 (1): 28-37.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Saleem S, Bobak M: Women’s autonomy, education and contraception use in Pakistan. A national study Reproductive Health. 2005, 2 (8): doi:10.1186/1742-4755-2-8
45.
Moursund A, Kravdal Ø: Individual and community effects of women’s education and autonomy on contraceptive use in India. Popul Stud. 2003, 57 (3): 285-301. 10.1080/0032472032000137817.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Fertility intentions among HIV positive women aged 18–49 years in Addis Ababa Ethiopia: a cross sectional study
Authors
Hussen Mekonnen Asfaw
Fikre Enquselassie Gashe
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Reproductive Health / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1742-4755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-11-36

Other articles of this Issue 1/2014

Reproductive Health 1/2014 Go to the issue

Research

Attitudes of fertile and infertile woman towards new reproductive technologies: a case study of Lithuania

Study protocol

Selective episiotomy vs. implementation of a non episiotomy protocol: a randomized clinical trial

Research

Potential point of care tests (POCTs) for maternal health in Peru, perspectives of pregnant women and their partners

Research

Factors associated with Institutional delivery service utilization among mothers in Bahir Dar City administration, Amhara region: a community based cross sectional study

Research

The effect of joint contraceptive decisions on the use of Injectables, Long-Acting and Permanent Methods (ILAPMs) among married female (15–49) contraceptive users in Zambia: a cross-sectional study

Research

Metabolic effects of the contraceptive skin patch and subdermal contraceptive implant in Mexican women: A prospective study