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Open Access 01-12-2004 | Research

cDNA microarray analysis of bovine embryo gene expression profiles during the pre-implantation period

Authors: Koichi Ushizawa, Chandana B Herath, Kanako Kaneyama, Satoshi Shiojima, Akira Hirasawa, Toru Takahashi, Kei Imai, Kazuhiko Ochiai, Tomoyuki Tokunaga, Yukio Tsunoda, Gozoh Tsujimoto, Kazuyoshi Hashizume

Published in: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology | Issue 1/2004

Abstract

Background

After fertilization, embryo development involves differentiation, as well as development of the fetal body and extra-embryonic tissues until the moment of implantation. During this period various cellular and molecular changes take place with a genetic origin, e.g. the elongation of embryonic tissues, cell-cell contact between the mother and the embryo and placentation. To identify genetic profiles and search for new candidate molecules involved during this period, embryonic gene expression was analyzed with a custom designed utero-placental complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray.

Methods

Bovine embryos on days 7, 14 and 21, extra-embryonic membranes on day 28 and fetuses on days 28 were collected to represent early embryo, elongating embryo, pre-implantation embryo, post-implantation extra-embryonic membrane and fetus, respectively. Gene expression at these different time points was analyzed using our cDNA microarray. Two clustering algorithms such as k-means and hierarchical clustering methods identified the expression patterns of differentially expressed genes across pre-implantation period. Novel candidate genes were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR.

Results

In total, 1,773 individual genes were analyzed by complete k-means clustering. Comparison of day 7 and day 14 revealed most genes increased during this period, and a small number of genes exhibiting altered expression decreased as gestation progressed. Clustering analysis demonstrated that trophoblast-cell-specific molecules such as placental lactogens (PLs), prolactin-related proteins (PRPs), interferon-tau, and adhesion molecules apparently all play pivotal roles in the preparation needed for implantation, since their expression was remarkably enhanced during the pre-implantation period. The hierarchical clustering analysis and RT-PCR data revealed new functional roles for certain known genes (dickkopf-1, NPM, etc) as well as novel candidate genes (AW464053, AW465434, AW462349, AW485575) related to already established trophoblast-specific genes such as PLs and PRPs.

Conclusions

A large number of genes in extra-embryonic membrane increased up to implantation and these profiles provide information fundamental to an understanding of extra-embryonic membrane differentiation and development. Genes in significant expression suggest novel molecules in trophoblast differentiation.

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Title: cDNA microarray analysis of bovine embryo gene expression profiles during the pre-implantation period
Authors: Koichi Ushizawa
Chandana B Herath
Kanako Kaneyama
Satoshi Shiojima
Akira Hirasawa
Toru Takahashi
Kei Imai
Kazuhiko Ochiai
Tomoyuki Tokunaga
Yukio Tsunoda
Gozoh Tsujimoto
Kazuyoshi Hashizume
Publication date: 01-12-2004
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology / Issue 1/2004
Electronic ISSN: 1477-7827
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-2-77

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

cDNA microarray analysis of bovine embryo gene expression profiles during the pre-implantation period

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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