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Open Access 01-12-2006 | Research article

Prenatal origin of childhood AML occurs less frequently than in childhood ALL

Authors: Tatiana Burjanivova, Jozef Madzo, Katerina Muzikova, Claus Meyer, Bjoern Schneider, Felix Votava, Rolf Marschalek, Jan Stary, Jan Trka, Jan Zuna

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2006

Abstract

Background

While there is enough convincing evidence in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the data on the pre-natal origin in childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are less comprehensive. Our study aimed to screen Guthrie cards (neonatal blood spots) of non-infant childhood AML and ALL patients for the presence of their respective leukemic markers.

Methods

We analysed Guthrie cards of 12 ALL patients aged 2–6 years using immunoglobulin (Ig) and T-cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements (n = 15) and/or intronic breakpoints of TEL/AML1 fusion gene (n = 3). In AML patients (n = 13, age 1–14 years) PML/RARalpha (n = 4), CBFbeta/MYH11 (n = 3), AML1/ETO (n = 2), MLL/AF6 (n = 1), MLL/AF9 (n = 1) and MLL/AF10 (n = 1) fusion genes and/or internal tandem duplication of FLT3 gene (FLT3/ITD) (n = 2) were used as clonotypic markers. Assay sensitivity determined using serial dilutions of patient DNA into the DNA of a healthy donor allowed us to detect the pre-leukemic clone in Guthrie card providing 1–3 positive cells were present in the neonatal blood spot.

Results

In 3 patients with ALL (25%) we reproducibly detected their leukemic markers (Ig/TCR n = 2; TEL/AML1 n = 1) in the Guthrie card. We did not find patient-specific molecular markers in any patient with AML.

Conclusion

In the largest cohort examined so far we used identical approach for the backtracking of non-infant childhood ALL and AML. Our data suggest that either the prenatal origin of AML is less frequent or the load of pre-leukemic cells is significantly lower at birth in AML compared to ALL cases.

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The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/6/100/prepub

Title: Prenatal origin of childhood AML occurs less frequently than in childhood ALL
Authors: Tatiana Burjanivova
Jozef Madzo
Katerina Muzikova
Claus Meyer
Bjoern Schneider
Felix Votava
Rolf Marschalek
Jan Stary
Jan Trka
Jan Zuna
Publication date: 01-12-2006
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2006
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-6-100

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