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BioDrugs
Published in: BioDrugs 6/2017

01-12-2017 | Review Article

Delivery of Biologics Across the Blood–Brain Barrier with Molecular Trojan Horse Technology

Author: William M. Pardridge

Published in: BioDrugs | Issue 6/2017

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Abstract

Biologics are potential new therapeutics for many diseases of the central nervous system. Biologics include recombinant lysosomal enzymes, neurotrophins, decoy receptors, and therapeutic antibodies. These are large molecule drugs that do not cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB). All classes of biologics have been tested, without success, in clinical trials of brain disease over the last 25 years. In none of these past clinical trials was the biologic re-engineered to enable transport across the BBB. If the biologic does not cross the BBB, the drug cannot reach the target site in brain, and success in a clinical trial is not expected. Biologics can be re-engineered for BBB transport with the use of molecular Trojan horse technology. A BBB molecular Trojan horse is a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against an endogenous BBB receptor transporter, such as the insulin receptor or transferrin receptor. The receptor-specific MAb penetrates the brain via transport on the endogenous BBB receptor. The MAb acts as a molecular Trojan horse to deliver across the BBB the biologic pharmaceutical that is genetically fused to the MAb. The lead Trojan horse is a MAb against the human insulin receptor (HIR), and HIRMAb-derived fusion proteins have entered clinical trials for the treatment of brain disease.
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Metadata
Title
Delivery of Biologics Across the Blood–Brain Barrier with Molecular Trojan Horse Technology
Author
William M. Pardridge
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
BioDrugs / Issue 6/2017
Print ISSN: 1173-8804
Electronic ISSN: 1179-190X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40259-017-0248-z

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