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Published in: Cellular Oncology 5/2019

01-10-2019 | NSCLC | Review

Recent advances in the clinical development of immune checkpoint blockade therapy

Authors: Atefeh Ghahremanloo, Arash Soltani, Seyed Mohamad Sadegh Modaresi, Seyed Isaac Hashemy

Published in: Cellular Oncology | Issue 5/2019

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Abstract

Background

The discovery of immune checkpoint proteins and the mechanisms by which cancer cells utilize them to evade the immune system has transformed our approach to cancer immunotherapy. Checkpoint blockade antibodies targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligands such as programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) have already revolutionized the treatment of multiple types of cancer and have significantly improved treatment and survival outcomes of patients affected by these malignancies.

Conclusions

Herein, we summarize current knowledge about the role of, and the mechanisms underlying PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathways in antitumor immune responses, with particular emphasis on clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in various tumor types. Preliminary clinical investigations with immune-checkpoint blockers highlight broad opportunities with a high potential to enhance antitumor immunity and, as such, to generate significant clinical responses. These preliminary successes open up new avenues towards efficient therapeutics offered to patients.
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Metadata
Title
Recent advances in the clinical development of immune checkpoint blockade therapy
Authors
Atefeh Ghahremanloo
Arash Soltani
Seyed Mohamad Sadegh Modaresi
Seyed Isaac Hashemy
Publication date
01-10-2019
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Cellular Oncology / Issue 5/2019
Print ISSN: 2211-3428
Electronic ISSN: 2211-3436
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-019-00456-w

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