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Tumor Biology
Published in: Tumor Biology 4/2015

01-04-2015 | Research Article

Overexpression of HOXC11 homeobox gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma induces cellular proliferation and is associated with poor prognosis

Authors: Yu-Jun Liu, Yu Zhu, Hai-Xia Yuan, Jian-Ping Zhang, Jian-Ming Guo, Zong-Ming Lin

Published in: Tumor Biology | Issue 4/2015

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Abstract

Novel evidence has confirmed the involvement of dysregulated expression of HOX genes in cancer. HOX genes are a family of 39 transcription factors, divided in four clusters (HOXA to HOXD), that during normal development regulate cell proliferation and specific cell fate. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genes of the HOXC cluster might play a role in renal cancer. The expression of HOXC11 was detected through polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining, and we demonstrated that HOXC11 was significantly higher in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) compared to normal kidney tissue. We further demonstrated that HOXC11 overexpression in HK-2 human epithelial cell line promoted proliferation, whereas downregulation of HOXC11 endogenous levels in human RCC cells (Caki-2 cells) decreased proliferation. In RCC, expression of HOXC11 and Ki67, a marker of proliferation, correlates strongly with each other (r s  = 0.47, p < 0.003). High immunohistochemical expression of HOXC11 was correlated with T stage (p = 0.06), N stage (p = 0.07), disease stage (p = 0.08), and Ki67 expression (p = 0.07), and patients with tumors showing high number of HOXC11-positive cells had shorter overall survival (p = 0.08) and shorter progression-free survival after treatment (p = 0.08) compared with patients with tumors exhibiting low amount of HOXC11-positive cells. Our data suggest that HOXC11 may contribute to RCC carcinogenesis by increasing tumor cell proliferation and imply that HOXC11 may be an important determinant of RCC patient prognosis.
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Metadata
Title
Overexpression of HOXC11 homeobox gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma induces cellular proliferation and is associated with poor prognosis
Authors
Yu-Jun Liu
Yu Zhu
Hai-Xia Yuan
Jian-Ping Zhang
Jian-Ming Guo
Zong-Ming Lin
Publication date
01-04-2015
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Tumor Biology / Issue 4/2015
Print ISSN: 1010-4283
Electronic ISSN: 1423-0380
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-014-2909-6

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