Skip to main content
Top
Published in: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 3/2015

01-06-2015

Disseminating Policy and Environmental Change Interventions: Insights from Obesity Prevention and Tobacco Control

Authors: Jennifer Leeman, Allison E. Myers, Kurt M. Ribisl, Alice S. Ammerman

Published in: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine | Issue 3/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Public health and other practitioners increasingly are being asked to implement policy and environmental change interventions, yet many practitioners lack the knowledge, skills, and resources to do so. In response to this need, a growing number of organizations are disseminating evidence-based interventions (EBIs) and building practitioners’ capacity to use those interventions in practice. Although advances have been made on approaches to disseminating individual-level EBIs, little is known about the optimal way to disseminate EBIs to promote policy and environmental change.

Purpose

This paper describes the approach that two projects developed to disseminate policy and environmental change interventions. The Center for Training and Research Translation (Center TRT) disseminates EBIs to promote physical activity and healthy eating. Counter Tobacco disseminates EBIs to counter tobacco product sales and marketing in the retail environment.

Method

Both Centers (1) identify the best available evidence, (2) disseminate menus of intervention strategies, (3) provide implementation guidance, (4) incorporate stories from the field, (5) build practitioners’ capacity, and (6) integrate dissemination into practitioners’ existing social networks. The Centers’ process evaluations included website analytics and online surveys.

Result

Over 26,000 unique visitors accessed the Center TRT website in 2012 and over 17,000 have accessed Counter Tobacco’s site since its launch in August 2011. The majority of respondents to Centers’ surveys agreed that resources were easy to access and use.

Conclusion

Both Centers have had success reaching their intended audiences. Research is now needed to assess the extent of practitioners’ use of Center resources and the impact of the resulting interventions.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Brennan L, Castro S, Brownson RC, Claus J, Orleans CT. Accelerating evidence reviews and broadening evidence standards to identify effective, promising, and emerging policy and environmental strategies for childhood obesity prevention. Annu Rev Public Health. 2011;32:199–223. Brennan L, Castro S, Brownson RC, Claus J, Orleans CT. Accelerating evidence reviews and broadening evidence standards to identify effective, promising, and emerging policy and environmental strategies for childhood obesity prevention. Annu Rev Public Health. 2011;32:199–223.
3.
go back to reference Brownson RC, Haire-Joshu D, Luke DA. Shaping the context of health: a review of environmental and policy approaches in the prevention of chronic diseases. Annu Rev Public Health. 2006;27:341–70.CrossRefPubMed Brownson RC, Haire-Joshu D, Luke DA. Shaping the context of health: a review of environmental and policy approaches in the prevention of chronic diseases. Annu Rev Public Health. 2006;27:341–70.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Institute of Medicine. Accelerating progress in obesity prevention: solving the weight of the nation. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press; 2012. Institute of Medicine. Accelerating progress in obesity prevention: solving the weight of the nation. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press; 2012.
5.
go back to reference Gantner LA, Olson CM. Evaluation of public health professionals' capacity to implement environmental changes supportive of healthy weight. Eval Program Plann. 2012;35(3):407–16.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Gantner LA, Olson CM. Evaluation of public health professionals' capacity to implement environmental changes supportive of healthy weight. Eval Program Plann. 2012;35(3):407–16.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
6.
go back to reference Leeman J, Teal R, Jernigan J, Reed JH, Farris R, Ammerman A. What evidence and support do state-level public health practitioners need to address obesity prevention. Am J Health Promot. 2014;28:189–96.CrossRefPubMed Leeman J, Teal R, Jernigan J, Reed JH, Farris R, Ammerman A. What evidence and support do state-level public health practitioners need to address obesity prevention. Am J Health Promot. 2014;28:189–96.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference Armstrong R, Waters E, Crockett B, Keleher H. The nature of evidence resources and knowledge translation for health promotion practitioners. Health Promot Int. 2007;22(3):254–60.CrossRefPubMed Armstrong R, Waters E, Crockett B, Keleher H. The nature of evidence resources and knowledge translation for health promotion practitioners. Health Promot Int. 2007;22(3):254–60.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Health Evidence. 2014 at healthevidence.org. Accessed 3 Feb 2014. Health Evidence. 2014 at healthevidence.org. Accessed 3 Feb 2014.
12.
go back to reference Tseng V, Cadigan K, Eason JQ, Huston AC. The uses of research in policy and practice. Soc Policy Rep. 2012;26:3–23. Tseng V, Cadigan K, Eason JQ, Huston AC. The uses of research in policy and practice. Soc Policy Rep. 2012;26:3–23.
15.
go back to reference Committee on the Use of Social Science Knowledge in Public Policy. Using science as evidence in public policy 2012. National Academy of Science. Committee on the Use of Social Science Knowledge in Public Policy. Using science as evidence in public policy 2012. National Academy of Science.
16.
go back to reference Lich KH, Ginexi EM, Osgood ND, Mabry PL. A call to address complexity in prevention science research. Prev Sci. 2013;14:279–89.CrossRefPubMed Lich KH, Ginexi EM, Osgood ND, Mabry PL. A call to address complexity in prevention science research. Prev Sci. 2013;14:279–89.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Lyn R, Aytur S, Davis T, et al. Policy, systems, and environmental approaches for obesity prevention: a framework to inform local and state action. JPHMP. 2013;19:S23–33. Lyn R, Aytur S, Davis T, et al. Policy, systems, and environmental approaches for obesity prevention: a framework to inform local and state action. JPHMP. 2013;19:S23–33.
20.
go back to reference Henriksen L, Schleicher NC, Feighery EC, Fortmann SP. A longitudinal study of exposure to retail cigarette advertising and smoking initiation. Pediatrics. 2010;126(2):232–8.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Henriksen L, Schleicher NC, Feighery EC, Fortmann SP. A longitudinal study of exposure to retail cigarette advertising and smoking initiation. Pediatrics. 2010;126(2):232–8.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
21.
go back to reference Slater SJ, Chaloupka FJ, Wakefield M, Johnston LD, O'Malley PM. The impact of retail cigarette marketing practices on youth smoking uptake. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161:440–5.CrossRefPubMed Slater SJ, Chaloupka FJ, Wakefield M, Johnston LD, O'Malley PM. The impact of retail cigarette marketing practices on youth smoking uptake. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161:440–5.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Reitzel LR, Cromley EK, Li Y, Cao Y, Dela Mater R, Mazas CA, et al. The effect of tobacco outlet density and proximity on smoking cessation. Am J Public Health. 2011;101:315–20. Reitzel LR, Cromley EK, Li Y, Cao Y, Dela Mater R, Mazas CA, et al. The effect of tobacco outlet density and proximity on smoking cessation. Am J Public Health. 2011;101:315–20.
23.
go back to reference Carter BL, Robinson JD, Lam CY, Wetter DW, Tsan JY, Day SX, et al. A psychometric evaluation of cigarette stimuli used in a cue reactivity study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2006;8:361–9. Carter BL, Robinson JD, Lam CY, Wetter DW, Tsan JY, Day SX, et al. A psychometric evaluation of cigarette stimuli used in a cue reactivity study. Nicotine Tob Res. 2006;8:361–9.
24.
go back to reference Wakefield M, Germain D, Henriksen L. The effect of retail cigarette pack displays on impulse purchase. Addiction. 2008;103:322–8.CrossRefPubMed Wakefield M, Germain D, Henriksen L. The effect of retail cigarette pack displays on impulse purchase. Addiction. 2008;103:322–8.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Swinburn B, Sacks G, Hall KD, McPherson K, Finegood DT, Moodie ML, et al. The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments. Lancet. 2011;378:804–14. Swinburn B, Sacks G, Hall KD, McPherson K, Finegood DT, Moodie ML, et al. The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments. Lancet. 2011;378:804–14.
26.
go back to reference Gortmaker SL, Swinburn BA, Levy D, Carter R, Mabry PL, Finegood DT, et al. Changing the future of obesity: science, policy, and action. Lancet. 2011;378:838–47. Gortmaker SL, Swinburn BA, Levy D, Carter R, Mabry PL, Finegood DT, et al. Changing the future of obesity: science, policy, and action. Lancet. 2011;378:838–47.
27.
go back to reference Farley TA, Van Wye G. Reversing the obesity epidemic: the importance of policy and policy research. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43:S93–4.CrossRefPubMed Farley TA, Van Wye G. Reversing the obesity epidemic: the importance of policy and policy research. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43:S93–4.CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Hammond RA. Complex systems modeling for obesity research. Prev Chron Dis. 2009;6(3):A97. Hammond RA. Complex systems modeling for obesity research. Prev Chron Dis. 2009;6(3):A97.
31.
go back to reference Van Koperen TM, Jebb SA, Summerbell CD, Visscher TL, Romon M, Borys JM, et al. Characterizing the EPODE logic model: unravelling the past and informing the future. Obes Rev. 2013;14:162–70. Van Koperen TM, Jebb SA, Summerbell CD, Visscher TL, Romon M, Borys JM, et al. Characterizing the EPODE logic model: unravelling the past and informing the future. Obes Rev. 2013;14:162–70.
32.
go back to reference Peterson JC, Rogers EM, Cunningham-Sabo L, Davis SM. A framework for research utilization applied to seven case studies. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33:S21–34.CrossRefPubMed Peterson JC, Rogers EM, Cunningham-Sabo L, Davis SM. A framework for research utilization applied to seven case studies. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33:S21–34.CrossRefPubMed
33.
go back to reference Dreisinger ML, Boland EM, Filler CD, Baker EA, Hessel AS, Brownson RC. Contextual factors influencing readiness for dissemination of obesity prevention programs and policies. Health Educ Res. 2012;27:292–306.CrossRefPubMed Dreisinger ML, Boland EM, Filler CD, Baker EA, Hessel AS, Brownson RC. Contextual factors influencing readiness for dissemination of obesity prevention programs and policies. Health Educ Res. 2012;27:292–306.CrossRefPubMed
34.
35.
go back to reference Hawe P, Shiell A, Riley T. Theorising interventions as events in systems. Am J Community Psychol. 2009;43(3–4):267–76.CrossRefPubMed Hawe P, Shiell A, Riley T. Theorising interventions as events in systems. Am J Community Psychol. 2009;43(3–4):267–76.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Ogilvie D, Cummins S, Petticrew M, White M, Jones A, Wheeler K. Assessing the evaluability of complex public health interventions: five questions for researchers, funders, and policymakers. Milbank Q. 2011;89:206–25.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Ogilvie D, Cummins S, Petticrew M, White M, Jones A, Wheeler K. Assessing the evaluability of complex public health interventions: five questions for researchers, funders, and policymakers. Milbank Q. 2011;89:206–25.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
37.
go back to reference Khan LK, Sobush K, Keener D, Goodman K, Lowry A, Kakietek J, et al. Recommended community strategies and measurements to prevent obesity in the United States. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2009;58:1–26. Khan LK, Sobush K, Keener D, Goodman K, Lowry A, Kakietek J, et al. Recommended community strategies and measurements to prevent obesity in the United States. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2009;58:1–26.
40.
go back to reference Bonnie RJ, Stratton K, Wallace RB, editors. Committee on reducing tobacco use: strategies, barriers, and consequences, institute of medicine. Ending the tobacco problem: a blueprint for the nation. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2007. Bonnie RJ, Stratton K, Wallace RB, editors. Committee on reducing tobacco use: strategies, barriers, and consequences, institute of medicine. Ending the tobacco problem: a blueprint for the nation. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2007.
42.
go back to reference Hollinghurst S, Hunt LP, Banks J, Sharp DJ, Shield JP. Cost and effectiveness of treatment options for childhood obesity. Pediatr Obes 2013. Hollinghurst S, Hunt LP, Banks J, Sharp DJ, Shield JP. Cost and effectiveness of treatment options for childhood obesity. Pediatr Obes 2013.
43.
go back to reference Giang T, Karpyn A, Laurison HB, Hillier A, Perry RD. Closing the grocery gap in underserved communities: the creation of the Pennsylvania Fresh Food Financing Initiative. JPHMP. 2008;14:272–9.PubMed Giang T, Karpyn A, Laurison HB, Hillier A, Perry RD. Closing the grocery gap in underserved communities: the creation of the Pennsylvania Fresh Food Financing Initiative. JPHMP. 2008;14:272–9.PubMed
44.
go back to reference Leeman J, Sommers J, Leung MM, Ammerman A. Disseminating evidence from research and practice: a model for selecting evidence to guide obesity prevention. JPHMP. 2011;17:133–40.PubMed Leeman J, Sommers J, Leung MM, Ammerman A. Disseminating evidence from research and practice: a model for selecting evidence to guide obesity prevention. JPHMP. 2011;17:133–40.PubMed
45.
go back to reference Kumanyika SK, Parker L, Sim LJ, editors. Committee on an evidence framework for obesity prevention decision making; institute of medicine. Bridging the evidence gap in obesity prevention: a framework to inform decision making. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2010. Kumanyika SK, Parker L, Sim LJ, editors. Committee on an evidence framework for obesity prevention decision making; institute of medicine. Bridging the evidence gap in obesity prevention: a framework to inform decision making. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2010.
46.
go back to reference Koplan JP, Liverman CT, Kraak VI, editors. Committee on prevention of obesity in children and youth, institute of medicine. Preventing childhood obesity: health in the balance. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2005. Koplan JP, Liverman CT, Kraak VI, editors. Committee on prevention of obesity in children and youth, institute of medicine. Preventing childhood obesity: health in the balance. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2005.
47.
go back to reference Swinburn B, Gill T, Kumanyika S. Obesity prevention: a proposed framework for translating evidence into action. Obes Rev. 2005;6:23–33.CrossRefPubMed Swinburn B, Gill T, Kumanyika S. Obesity prevention: a proposed framework for translating evidence into action. Obes Rev. 2005;6:23–33.CrossRefPubMed
48.
go back to reference Glasgow RE, Green LW, Taylor MV, Stange KC. An evidence integration triangle for aligning science with policy and practice. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42:646–54.CrossRefPubMed Glasgow RE, Green LW, Taylor MV, Stange KC. An evidence integration triangle for aligning science with policy and practice. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42:646–54.CrossRefPubMed
49.
go back to reference Haby MM, Vos T, Carter R, Moodie M, Markwick A, Magnus A, et al. A new approach to assessing the health benefit from obesity interventions in children and adolescents: the assessing cost-effectiveness in obesity project. Int J Obes (Lond) . 2006;30:1463–75. Haby MM, Vos T, Carter R, Moodie M, Markwick A, Magnus A, et al. A new approach to assessing the health benefit from obesity interventions in children and adolescents: the assessing cost-effectiveness in obesity project. Int J Obes (Lond) . 2006;30:1463–75.
50.
go back to reference Lipsey MW. The challenges of interpreting research for use by practitioners: comments on the latest products from the Task Force on Community Preventive Services. Am J Prev Med. 2005;28:1–3.CrossRefPubMed Lipsey MW. The challenges of interpreting research for use by practitioners: comments on the latest products from the Task Force on Community Preventive Services. Am J Prev Med. 2005;28:1–3.CrossRefPubMed
51.
go back to reference Greig G, Entwistle VA, Beech N. Addressing complex healthcare problems in diverse settings: insights from activity theory. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74:305–12.CrossRefPubMed Greig G, Entwistle VA, Beech N. Addressing complex healthcare problems in diverse settings: insights from activity theory. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74:305–12.CrossRefPubMed
52.
go back to reference U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A report of the surgeon general. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2012. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A report of the surgeon general. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2012.
54.
go back to reference Snowden DJ, Boone ME. A leader’s framework for decision making. Harv Bus Rev. 2007;85:68–76,149.PubMed Snowden DJ, Boone ME. A leader’s framework for decision making. Harv Bus Rev. 2007;85:68–76,149.PubMed
55.
go back to reference Lanham HJ, Leykum LK, Taylor BS, McCannon CJ, Lindberg C, Lester RT. How complexity science can inform scale-up and spread in health care: Understanding the role of self-organization in variation across local contexts. Soc Sci Med 2012. Lanham HJ, Leykum LK, Taylor BS, McCannon CJ, Lindberg C, Lester RT. How complexity science can inform scale-up and spread in health care: Understanding the role of self-organization in variation across local contexts. Soc Sci Med 2012.
56.
go back to reference Committee on Obesity Prevention Policies for Young Children, Institute of Medicine. Early childhood obesity prevention policies. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2011. Committee on Obesity Prevention Policies for Young Children, Institute of Medicine. Early childhood obesity prevention policies. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2011.
57.
go back to reference Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention Actions for Local Governments, Food and Nutrition Board, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Transportation Research Board, Institute of Medicine. Local government actions to prevent childhood obesity. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2009. Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention Actions for Local Governments, Food and Nutrition Board, Board on Children, Youth, and Families, Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice, Transportation Research Board, Institute of Medicine. Local government actions to prevent childhood obesity. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press; 2009.
59.
go back to reference Paynter J, Edwards R. The impact of tobacco promotion at the point of sale: a systematic review. Nicotine Tob Res. 2009;11:25–35.CrossRefPubMed Paynter J, Edwards R. The impact of tobacco promotion at the point of sale: a systematic review. Nicotine Tob Res. 2009;11:25–35.CrossRefPubMed
60.
go back to reference U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Reducing tobacco use: a report of the surgeon general. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health; 2000. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Reducing tobacco use: a report of the surgeon general. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health; 2000.
61.
go back to reference National Cancer Institute. The role of the media in promoting and reducing tobacco use. Tobacco Control Monograph No. 19. Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. NIH Pub. No. 07-6242 , 2008. National Cancer Institute. The role of the media in promoting and reducing tobacco use. Tobacco Control Monograph No. 19. Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute. NIH Pub. No. 07-6242 , 2008.
65.
go back to reference Glasgow RE. HMC research translation: speculations about making it real and going to scale. Am J Health Behav. 2010;34:833–40.CrossRefPubMed Glasgow RE. HMC research translation: speculations about making it real and going to scale. Am J Health Behav. 2010;34:833–40.CrossRefPubMed
66.
go back to reference Rogers EM. Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press; 2003. p. 68–9. Rogers EM. Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press; 2003. p. 68–9.
67.
go back to reference Brouwers MC, Makarski J, Garcia K, Bouseh S, Hafid T. Improving cancer control in Canada one case at a time: the “Knowledge Translation in Cancer” casebook. Curr Oncol. 2011;18(2):76–83.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Brouwers MC, Makarski J, Garcia K, Bouseh S, Hafid T. Improving cancer control in Canada one case at a time: the “Knowledge Translation in Cancer” casebook. Curr Oncol. 2011;18(2):76–83.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
68.
go back to reference Mainor A, Leeman J, Sommers J, Heiser C, Gonzales C, Farris R, Ammerman A. A systematic approach to planning and evaluating public health training: the Obesity Prevention in Public Health Course. JPHMP 2014. Mainor A, Leeman J, Sommers J, Heiser C, Gonzales C, Farris R, Ammerman A. A systematic approach to planning and evaluating public health training: the Obesity Prevention in Public Health Course. JPHMP 2014.
69.
go back to reference Leeman J, Sommers J, Vu M, Jernigan J, Payne G, Thompson D, et al. An evaluation framework for obesity prevention policy interventions. Prev Chron Dis. 2012;9:E120. Leeman J, Sommers J, Vu M, Jernigan J, Payne G, Thompson D, et al. An evaluation framework for obesity prevention policy interventions. Prev Chron Dis. 2012;9:E120.
70.
go back to reference Schell SF, Luke DA, Schooley MW, Elliott MB, Herbers SH, Mueller NB, et al. Public health program capacity for sustainability: a new framework. Implement Sci. 2013;8:15. Schell SF, Luke DA, Schooley MW, Elliott MB, Herbers SH, Mueller NB, et al. Public health program capacity for sustainability: a new framework. Implement Sci. 2013;8:15.
71.
go back to reference Maibach EW, Van Duyn MS, Bloodgood B. A marketing perspective on disseminating evidence-based approaches to disease prevention and health promotion. Prev Chron Dis. 2006;3:A97. Maibach EW, Van Duyn MS, Bloodgood B. A marketing perspective on disseminating evidence-based approaches to disease prevention and health promotion. Prev Chron Dis. 2006;3:A97.
72.
go back to reference Dearing JW, Kreuter MW. Designing for diffusion: how can we increase uptake of cancer communication innovations? Patient Educ Couns. 2010;81(Suppl):S100–10.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Dearing JW, Kreuter MW. Designing for diffusion: how can we increase uptake of cancer communication innovations? Patient Educ Couns. 2010;81(Suppl):S100–10.CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
73.
74.
go back to reference Hannon PA, Fernandez ME, Williams RS, Mullen PD, Escoffery C, Kreuter MW, et al. Cancer control planners' perceptions and use of evidence-based programs. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2010;16:E1–8. Hannon PA, Fernandez ME, Williams RS, Mullen PD, Escoffery C, Kreuter MW, et al. Cancer control planners' perceptions and use of evidence-based programs. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2010;16:E1–8.
75.
go back to reference Escoffery CT, Kegler MC, Glanz K, Graham TD, Blake SC, Shapiro JA, et al. Recruitment for the national breast and cervical cancer early detection program. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42:235–41. Escoffery CT, Kegler MC, Glanz K, Graham TD, Blake SC, Shapiro JA, et al. Recruitment for the national breast and cervical cancer early detection program. Am J Prev Med. 2012;42:235–41.
Metadata
Title
Disseminating Policy and Environmental Change Interventions: Insights from Obesity Prevention and Tobacco Control
Authors
Jennifer Leeman
Allison E. Myers
Kurt M. Ribisl
Alice S. Ammerman
Publication date
01-06-2015
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
International Journal of Behavioral Medicine / Issue 3/2015
Print ISSN: 1070-5503
Electronic ISSN: 1532-7558
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-014-9427-1

Other articles of this Issue 3/2015

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 3/2015 Go to the issue