Top

ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders

Published in:

01-03-2011 | Original Article

A pilot study: differential effects of methylphenidate-OROS on working memory and attention functions in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with and without behavioural comorbidities

Authors: Belén Rubio, Sergio Hernández, Emilio Verche, Raquel Martín, Pedro González-Pérez

Published in: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders | Issue 1/2011

Abstract

To examine the effects of methylphenidate-OROS (MPH-OROS) on working memory (WM) and attention functions in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to investigate whether there is a differential effect in ADHD children with (ADHD+) and without (ADHD−) behavioural comorbidities. Participants included a clinic referred sample of 12 stimulant naïve school-aged children with a diagnosis of combined ADHD according to the DSM-IV criteria (6 ADHD+, 6 ADHD−), and 11 healthy children. A neuropsychological protocol was applied at three different moments: before treatment, after one those of MPH-OROS, and after one month of MPH-OROS daily treatment. The protocol was simultaneously administered to the control group. Initial differences in attention parameters between naïve children with ADHD and the control group disappeared after the first dose of MPH-OROS. For WM, one month of daily treatment was necessary to achieve this pattern of results. Both ADHD groups (ADHD+ and ADHD−) showed these differences, but there was a greater improvement in (ADHD−). MPH-OROS had an immediate effect on attention deficits, but long-term treatment was needed to improve WM to the level of healthy subjects. The presence of comorbid behavioural conditions determined a less robust response in neuropsychological performance to stimulant treatment.

Adólfsdóttir S, Sørensen L, Lundervold AJ (2008) The attention network test: a characteristic pattern of deficits in children with ADHD. Behav Brain Funct 4:9

American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edn. Author, Washington DC

Barkley RA (2006) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a handbook for diagnosis and treatment, 3rd edn. Guilford Press, New York

Biederman J, Petty CR, Fried R, Kaiser R, Dolan CR, Schoenfeld S, Doyle AE, Seidman LJ, Faraone SV (2008) Educational and occupational underattainment in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry 69:1217–1222PubMedCrossRef

Brickenkamp R (2002) D2 Test de Atención. TEA, ediciones. Madrid

Brown TE (2000) Attention-deficit disorders and comorbidities in children, adolescents, and adults. American Psychiatric Press, Washington

Brown T (2003) Actualización de los trastornos por déficit de atención y sus comorbilidades. In: Brown T (ed) Trastornos por déficit de atención y comorbilidades en niños, adolescentes y adultos. Masson, Barcelona, pp 1–5

Castellanos FX, Lee PP, Sharp W, Jeffries NO, Greenstein DK, Clasen LS, Blumenthal JD, James RS, Ebens CL, Walter JM, Zijdenbos A, Evans AC, Giedd JN (2002) Rapoport JL: Developmental trajectories of brain volume abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JAMA 288:1740–1748PubMedCrossRef

Conners CK (1973) Rating scales for use in drug studies with children. Psychopharmacol Bull 9:24–84

Doyle AE (2006) Executive functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 67(Suppl 8): 21–26

DuPaul GJ, Barkley RA, McMurray MB (1994) Response of children with ADHD to methylphenidate: interaction with internalizing symptoms. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 33:894–903PubMedCrossRef

DuPaul G, Power A, Anastopoulus A, Reid R (1998) ADHD Rating Scale IV: checklist, norms and clinical interpretation. Guilford Press, New York

Gathercole SE, Alloway TP (2006) Practitioner review: short-term and working memory impairments in neuro-developmental disorders: diagnosis and remedial support. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 47:4–15PubMedCrossRef

Ghuman JK, Riddle MA, Vitiello B, Greenhill LL, Chuang SZ, Wigal SB, Kollins SH, Abikoff HB, McCracken JT, Kastelic E, Scharko AM, McGough JJ, Murray DW, Evans L, Swanson JM, Wigal T, Posner K, Cunningham C, Davies M, Skrobala AM (2007) Comorbidity moderates response to methylphenidate in the preschoolers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder treatment study (PATS). J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 17(5):563–580PubMedCrossRef

Greenhill LL (2001) Clinical effects of stimulant medication in ADHD. In: Solanto MN, Arnsten AFT, Castellanos FX (eds) Stimulant drugs and ADHD. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 31–71

Harris AJ (ed) (1945) Harris test of lateral dominance. The Psychological Corporation, New York

Himelstein J, Schulz KP, Newcorn JH, Halperin JM (2000) The neurobiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Front Biosci 5:461–478CrossRef

Johnson KA, Kelly SP, Bellgrove MA, Barry E, Cox M, Gill M, Robertson IH (2007) Response variability in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: evidence for neuropsychological heterogeneity. Neuropsychologia 45(4):630–638

Kadesjö B, Gillberg C (2001) The comorbidity of ADHD in the general population of Swedish school-age children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 42:487–492PubMedCrossRef

Klein RG (1987) Pharmacotherapy of childhood hyperactivity: an update. In Meltzer HY (ed) Psychopharmacology: the third generation of progress. Raven Press, New York, pp 1215–1225

Mehta MA, Owen AM, Sahakian BJ, Mavaddat N, Pickard JD, Robbins TW (2000) Methylphenidate enhances working memory by modulating discrete frontal and parietal lobe regions in the human brain. J Neurosci 20:RC65

Pennington BF, Ozonoff S (1996) Executive functions and developmental psychopathology. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 37:51–87PubMedCrossRef

Pennington BF, Groissier D, Welsh MC (1993) Contrasting cognitive deficits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder versus reasing disability. Dev Psychol 23:511–523CrossRef

Pietrzak RH, Mollica CM, Maruff P, Snyder PJ (2006) Cognitive effects of immediate-release methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 30:1225–1245PubMedCrossRef

Rapport MD, Quinn SO, DuPaul GJ, Quinn EP, Kelly KL (1989) Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity and methylphenidate: the effects of dose and mastery level on children’s learning performance. J Abnorm Child Psychol 17:669–689PubMedCrossRef

Robertson IH, Ward T, Ridgeway V, Nimmo Smith I (1996) The structure of normal human attention: the test of everyday attention. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2:525–534PubMedCrossRef

Rommelse NN, Altink ME, Fliers EA, Martin NC, Buschgens CJ, Hartman CA, Buitelaar JK, Faraone SV, Sergeant JA, Oosterlaan J (2009) Comorbid problems in ADHD: degree of association, shared endophenotypes, and formation of distinct subtypes. Implications for a future DSM. J Abnorm Child Psychol 37:793–804PubMedCrossRef

Rubio-Morell B, Martín-González R, Herreros-Rodríguez O, González-Pérez P, Hernández-Expósito S, Quintero-Fuentes I, Gracia-Marco R (2008) Evaluación neuropsicológica de la eficacia del metilfenidato-OROS en el trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad. Rev Neurol 47:225–230PubMed

Seidman LJ, Biederman J, Monuteaux MC, Weber W, Faraone SV (2000) Neuropsychological functioning in nonreferred siblings of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 109:252–265PubMedCrossRef

Sergeant JA, Geurts H, Oosterlaan J (2002) How specific is a deficit of executive functioning for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? Behav Brain Res 130:3–28PubMedCrossRef

Siegel L, Ryan EB (1989) The development of working memory in normally achieving and subtypes of learning disabled children. Child Dev 60:973–980PubMedCrossRef

Smith A, Taylor E, Brammer M, Toone B, Rubia K (2006) Task-specific hypoactivation in prefrontal and temporoparietal brain regions during motor inhibition and task switching in medication-naïve children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Am J Psychiatry 163:1044–1051PubMedCrossRef

Solanto MN, Arnsten AFT, Castellanos FX (2001) The neuroscience of stimulant drug action in ADHD. In: Solanto MN, Arnsten AFT, Castellanos FX (eds) Stimulant drugs and ADHD. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 355–380

Swanson JM, McBurnett K, Wigal T, Pfiffner LJ, Williams L, Christian DL (1993) Effects of stimulant medication on children with attention deficit disorder: a ‘review of reviews’. Except Child 60:154–162

Tannock R, Ickowicz A, Schachar R (1995) Differential effects of methylphenidate on working memory in ADHD children with and without comorbid anxiety. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 34(7):886–896PubMedCrossRef

Taylor M, Sunohara GA, Khan SC, Malone MA (1997) Parallel and serial attentional processes in ADHD: ERP evidence. Dev Neuropsychol 13:531–540CrossRef

Valera EM, Faraone SV, Murray KE, Seidman LJ (2007) Meta-analysis of structural imaging findings in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry 61(12):1361–1369PubMedCrossRef

Wechsler D (1974) Wechsler intelligence scale for children-revised. The Psychological Corporation, New York

Wechsler D (1987) Wechsler memory scale-revised manual. Psychological Corporation, New York

Weyandt LL, Willis WG (1994) Executive functions in school-aged children: potential efficacy of tasks in discriminating clinical groups. Dev Neuropsychol 10:27–38CrossRef

Willcutt EG, Doyle AE, Nigg JT, Faraone SV, Pennington BF (2005) Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review. Biol Psychiatry 57:1336–1346PubMedCrossRef

Title: A pilot study: differential effects of methylphenidate-OROS on working memory and attention functions in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with and without behavioural comorbidities
Authors: Belén Rubio
Sergio Hernández
Emilio Verche
Raquel Martín
Pedro González-Pérez
Publication date: 01-03-2011
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Published in: ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders / Issue 1/2011
Print ISSN: 1866-6116
Electronic ISSN: 1866-6647
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12402-010-0035-x

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

A pilot study: differential effects of methylphenidate-OROS on working memory and attention functions in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with and without behavioural comorbidities

Abstract

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2011

Neurocognitive correlates of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in a Turkish sample

Childhood obesity and parental smoking as risk factors for childhood ADHD in Liverpool children

Olfactory and gustatory sensitivity in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

ADHD and comorbid conduct problems among adolescents: associations with self-esteem and substance use

Mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: relationship among parenting stress, parental practices and child behaviour

Comparison of SHR, WKY and Wistar rats in different behavioural animal models: effect of dopamine D1 and alpha2 agonists