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01-02-2014 | Review

Consensus Paper: The Cerebellum's Role in Movement and Cognition

Authors: Leonard F. Koziol, Deborah Budding, Nancy Andreasen, Stefano D’Arrigo, Sara Bulgheroni, Hiroshi Imamizu, Masao Ito, Mario Manto, Cherie Marvel, Krystal Parker, Giovanni Pezzulo, Narender Ramnani, Daria Riva, Jeremy Schmahmann, Larry Vandervert, Tadashi Yamazaki

Published in: The Cerebellum | Issue 1/2014

Abstract

While the cerebellum's role in motor function is well recognized, the nature of its concurrent role in cognitive function remains considerably less clear. The current consensus paper gathers diverse views on a variety of important roles played by the cerebellum across a range of cognitive and emotional functions. This paper considers the cerebellum in relation to neurocognitive development, language function, working memory, executive function, and the development of cerebellar internal control models and reflects upon some of the ways in which better understanding the cerebellum's status as a “supervised learning machine” can enrich our ability to understand human function and adaptation. As all contributors agree that the cerebellum plays a role in cognition, there is also an agreement that this conclusion remains highly inferential. Many conclusions about the role of the cerebellum in cognition originate from applying known information about cerebellar contributions to the coordination and quality of movement. These inferences are based on the uniformity of the cerebellum's compositional infrastructure and its apparent modular organization. There is considerable support for this view, based upon observations of patients with pathology within the cerebellum.

Marvel note: funding source for this study: K01 DA030442 (NIH)

It is proposed that this feature of the nearly limitless blending of internal models of sound patterns with visual-spatial imagery explains the origin of what Hockett (185) referred to as the “duality of patterning” feature of language (meaningless sounds or symbols can be rearranged to produce an unlimited number of messages, e.g., Hockett described how Morse Code exemplifies this feature). Hockett argued that duality of patterning is unique to human language. However, since monkeys have shown fronto-cerebellar action in switching tools [170] indicating an open-ended synthesis of multiple visual-spatial internal models, duality of patterning appears to be shared, at least in nascent form, with other primate species, and, therefore, that duality patterning originates not in the tags that place moments of visual-spatial working memory in long-term memory, but in the limitless potential of internal models of those visual spatial moments themselves.

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Title: Consensus Paper: The Cerebellum's Role in Movement and Cognition
Authors: Leonard F. Koziol
Deborah Budding
Nancy Andreasen
Stefano D’Arrigo
Sara Bulgheroni
Hiroshi Imamizu
Masao Ito
Mario Manto
Cherie Marvel
Krystal Parker
Giovanni Pezzulo
Narender Ramnani
Daria Riva
Jeremy Schmahmann
Larry Vandervert
Tadashi Yamazaki
Publication date: 01-02-2014
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: The Cerebellum / Issue 1/2014
Print ISSN: 1473-4222
Electronic ISSN: 1473-4230
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-013-0511-x

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Consensus Paper: The Cerebellum's Role in Movement and Cognition

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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