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International Journal of Hematology
Published in: International Journal of Hematology 1/2018

01-01-2018 | Progress in Hematology

Iron and infection

Author: Tomas Ganz

Published in: International Journal of Hematology | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Iron is an essential trace metal for nearly all infectious microorganisms, and host defense mechanisms target this dependence to deprive microbes of iron. This review highlights mechanisms that are activated during infections to restrict iron on mucosal surfaces, in plasma and extracellular fluid, and within macrophages. Iron overload disorders, such as hereditary hemochromatosis or β-thalassemia, interfere with iron-restrictive host responses, and thereby cause increased susceptibility to infections with microbes that can exploit this vulnerability. Anemia of inflammation (formerly known as anemia of chronic diseases) is an “off-target” effect of host defense wherein inflammatory cytokines shorten erythrocyte lifespan by activating macrophages, prioritize leukocyte production in the marrow, and induce hepcidin to increase plasma transferrin saturation and the concentration of non-transferrin-bound iron.
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Metadata
Title
Iron and infection
Author
Tomas Ganz
Publication date
01-01-2018
Publisher
Springer Japan
Published in
International Journal of Hematology / Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 0925-5710
Electronic ISSN: 1865-3774
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-017-2366-2

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