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Clinical and Translational Oncology
Published in: Clinical and Translational Oncology 7/2019

01-07-2019 | Research Article

High calpain-1 expression predicts a poor clinical outcome and contributes to tumor progression in pancreatic cancer patients

Authors: L. M. Yu, Y. S. Zhu, C. Z. Xu, L. L. Zhou, Z. X. Xue, Z. Z. Cai

Published in: Clinical and Translational Oncology | Issue 7/2019

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Abstract

Background

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic disease, with an elevated mortality rate. It is, therefore, crucial to assess factors affecting the prognosis of PC patients. Meanwhile, calpain-1 is associated with malignant tumor progression and metastasis. Thus, it is meaningful to evaluate the relationship between calpain-1 and PC.

Materials and methods

Calpain-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 96 pancreatic cancer samples and paired adjacent non-cancerous specimens. In addition, calpain-1 protein levels were assessed in six PC cell lines by western blot (WB). Next, PC cells were transfected with calpain-1 siRNA, and silencing was confirmed by WB. Finally, cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion assays, and cell apoptosis analysis were performed to examine the effects of calpain-1 knockdown on proliferation, growth, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in PC cells.

Results

The results showed that calpain-1 was overexpressed in PC tissues and cells. Meanwhile, calpain-1 overexpression was associated with tumor site (P = 0.029), metastasis (P = 0.000), and TNM stage (P = 0.000), but showed no associations with histological grade (P = 0.396), age (P = 0.809), sex (P = 1.000), and lesion size (P = 0.679). The Kaplan–Meier method demonstrated that the low calpain-1 expression group had increased overall survival (OS) compared with patients expressing high calpain-1 levels (28.7 ± 4.1 vs. 17.0 ± 2.3 months) (P = 0.005). Besides, calpain-1 in PC cells was successfully silenced by liposome-mediated RNA interference, resulting in reduced cell growth, invasion, and metastasis in PC cells, with no effect on apoptosis.

Conclusion

The above findings suggest that calpain-1 should be considered a potential biomarker for PC prognosis and therapy.
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Metadata
Title
High calpain-1 expression predicts a poor clinical outcome and contributes to tumor progression in pancreatic cancer patients
Authors
L. M. Yu
Y. S. Zhu
C. Z. Xu
L. L. Zhou
Z. X. Xue
Z. Z. Cai
Publication date
01-07-2019
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Clinical and Translational Oncology / Issue 7/2019
Print ISSN: 1699-048X
Electronic ISSN: 1699-3055
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-018-02006-6

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