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Neurocritical Care
Published in: Neurocritical Care 2/2014

01-12-2014 | Review Article

Electrophysiologic Monitoring in Acute Brain Injury

Authors: Jan Claassen, Paul Vespa, The Participants in the International Multi-disciplinary Consensus Conference on Multimodality Monitoring

Published in: Neurocritical Care | Special Issue 2/2014

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Abstract

To determine the optimal use and indications of electroencephalography (EEG) in critical care management of acute brain injury (ABI). An electronic literature search was conducted for articles in English describing electrophysiological monitoring in ABI from January 1990 to August 2013. A total of 165 studies were included. EEG is a useful monitor for seizure and ischemia detection. There is a well-described role for EEG in convulsive status epilepticus and cardiac arrest (CA). Data suggest EEG should be considered in all patients with ABI and unexplained and persistent altered consciousness and in comatose intensive care unit (ICU) patients without an acute primary brain condition who have an unexplained impairment of mental status. There remain uncertainties about certain technical details, e.g., the minimum duration of EEG studies, the montage, and electrodes. Data obtained from both EEG and EP studies may help estimate prognosis in ABI patients, particularly following CA and traumatic brain injury. Data supporting these recommendations is sparse, and high quality studies are needed. EEG is used to monitor and detect seizures and ischemia in ICU patients and indications for EEG are clear for certain disease states, however, uncertainty remains on other applications.
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Metadata
Title
Electrophysiologic Monitoring in Acute Brain Injury
Authors
Jan Claassen
Paul Vespa
The Participants in the International Multi-disciplinary Consensus Conference on Multimodality Monitoring
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Neurocritical Care / Issue Special Issue 2/2014
Print ISSN: 1541-6933
Electronic ISSN: 1556-0961
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-014-0022-8

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