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Current Urology Reports
Published in: Current Urology Reports 10/2018

01-10-2018 | New Imaging Techniques (S Rais-Bahrami and K Porter, Section Editors)

Contrast-Enhanced Transrectal Ultrasound in Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer

Authors: Akbar N. Ashrafi, Nima Nassiri, Inderbir S. Gill, Mittul Gulati, Daniel Park, Andre L. de Castro Abreu

Published in: Current Urology Reports | Issue 10/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound (CeTRUS) is an emerging imaging technique in prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and treatment. We review the utility and implications of CeTRUS in PCa focal therapy (FT).

Recent Findings

CeTRUS utilizes intravenous injection of ultrasound-enhancing agents followed by high-resolution ultrasound to evaluate tissue microvasculature and differentiate between benign tissue and PCa, with the latter demonstrating increased enhancement. The potential utility of CeTRUS in FT for PCa extends to pre-, intra- and post-operative settings. CeTRUS may detect PCa, facilitate targeted biopsy and aid surgical planning prior to FT. During FT, the treated area can be visualized as a well-demarcated non-enhancing zone and continuous real-time assessment allows immediate re-treatment if necessary. Following FT, the changes on CeTRUS are immediate and consistent, thus facilitating repeat imaging for comparison during follow-up. Areas suspicious for recurrence may be detected and target-biopsied. Enhancement can be quantified using time-intensity curves allowing objective assessment and comparison.

Summary

Based on encouraging early outcomes, CeTRUS may become an alternative imaging modality in prostate cancer FT. Further study with larger cohorts and longer follow-up are needed.
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Metadata
Title
Contrast-Enhanced Transrectal Ultrasound in Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors
Akbar N. Ashrafi
Nima Nassiri
Inderbir S. Gill
Mittul Gulati
Daniel Park
Andre L. de Castro Abreu
Publication date
01-10-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Urology Reports / Issue 10/2018
Print ISSN: 1527-2737
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6285
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-018-0836-6

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