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Current Psychiatry Reports
Published in: Current Psychiatry Reports 1/2017

Open Access 01-01-2017 | Personality Disorders (C Schmahl, Section Editor)

Dissociation and Alterations in Brain Function and Structure: Implications for Borderline Personality Disorder

Authors: Annegret Krause-Utz, Rachel Frost, Dorina Winter, Bernet M. Elzinga

Published in: Current Psychiatry Reports | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Dissociation involves disruptions of usually integrated functions of consciousness, perception, memory, identity, and affect (e.g., depersonalization, derealization, numbing, amnesia, and analgesia). While the precise neurobiological underpinnings of dissociation remain elusive, neuroimaging studies in disorders, characterized by high dissociation (e.g., depersonalization/derealization disorder (DDD), dissociative identity disorder (DID), dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (D-PTSD)), have provided valuable insight into brain alterations possibly underlying dissociation. Neuroimaging studies in borderline personality disorder (BPD), investigating links between altered brain function/structure and dissociation, are still relatively rare. In this article, we provide an overview of neurobiological models of dissociation, primarily based on research in DDD, DID, and D-PTSD. Based on this background, we review recent neuroimaging studies on associations between dissociation and altered brain function and structure in BPD. These studies are discussed in the context of earlier findings regarding methodological differences and limitations and concerning possible implications for future research and the clinical setting.
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Metadata
Title
Dissociation and Alterations in Brain Function and Structure: Implications for Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors
Annegret Krause-Utz
Rachel Frost
Dorina Winter
Bernet M. Elzinga
Publication date
01-01-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Psychiatry Reports / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1523-3812
Electronic ISSN: 1535-1645
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0757-y

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