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Current Oncology Reports
Published in: Current Oncology Reports 11/2018

Open Access 01-11-2018 | Melanoma (RJ Sullivan, Section Editor)

Molecular Pathways in Melanomagenesis: What We Learned from Next-Generation Sequencing Approaches

Authors: Giuseppe Palmieri, Maria Colombino, Milena Casula, Antonella Manca, Mario Mandalà, Antonio Cossu, for the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI)

Published in: Current Oncology Reports | Issue 11/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Conventional clinico-pathological features in melanoma patients should be integrated with new molecular diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic factors coming from the expanding genomic profiles. Cutaneous melanoma (CM), even differing in biological behavior according to sun-exposure levels on the skin areas where it arises, is molecularly heterogeneous. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches are providing data on mutation landscapes in driver genes that may account for distinct pathogenetic mechanisms and pathways. The purpose was to group and classify all somatic driver mutations observed in the main NGS-based studies.

Recent Findings

Whole exome and whole genome sequencing approaches have provided data on spectrum and distribution of genetic and genomic alterations as well as allowed to discover new cancer genes underlying CM pathogenesis.

Summary

After evaluating the mutational status in a cohort of 686 CM cases from the most representative NGS studies, three molecular CM subtypes were proposed: BRAFmut, RASmut, and non-BRAFmut/non-RASmut.
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Metadata
Title
Molecular Pathways in Melanomagenesis: What We Learned from Next-Generation Sequencing Approaches
Authors
Giuseppe Palmieri
Maria Colombino
Milena Casula
Antonella Manca
Mario Mandalà
Antonio Cossu
for the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI)
Publication date
01-11-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Oncology Reports / Issue 11/2018
Print ISSN: 1523-3790
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-018-0733-7

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