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Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
Published in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 1/2016

01-01-2016 | Allergens (RK Bush and JA Woodfolk, Section Editors)

Insights into Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Human Airway Disease

Authors: Maya R. Karta, David H. Broide, Taylor A. Doherty

Published in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Recent discoveries have led to the identification of a novel group of immune cells, the innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). The members of this group are divided into three subpopulations: ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s. ILC2s produce Th2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, upon activation by epithelial cell-derived cytokines, lipid mediators (cysteinyl leukotrienes and prostaglandin D2), and TNF family member TL1A and promote structural and immune cell responses in the airways after antigen exposure. In addition, ILC2 function is also influenced by inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS)/ICOS-ligand (ICOS-L) interactions via direct contact between immune cells. The most common airway antigens are allergens and viruses which are highly linked to the induction of airway diseases with underlying type 2 inflammation including asthma and allergic rhinitis. Based on recent findings linking ILC2s and airway Th2 responses, there is intensive investigation into the role of ILC2s in human disease with the hope of a better understanding of the pathophysiology and the discovery of novel potential therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the recent advances made in elucidating ILC2 involvement in human Th2 airway disease.
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Metadata
Title
Insights into Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Human Airway Disease
Authors
Maya R. Karta
David H. Broide
Taylor A. Doherty
Publication date
01-01-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports / Issue 1/2016
Print ISSN: 1529-7322
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6315
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-015-0581-6

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