Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Obesity Surgery
Published in: Obesity Surgery 1/2021

Open Access 01-01-2021 | Bariatric Surgery | Review

Effectiveness of a Low-Calorie Diet for Liver Volume Reduction Prior to Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review

Authors: Marleen M. Romeijn, Aniek M. Kolen, Daniëlle D. B. Holthuijsen, Loes Janssen, Goof Schep, Wouter K. G. Leclercq, François M. H. van Dielen

Published in: Obesity Surgery | Issue 1/2021

Login to get access

Abstract

An energy-restricted diet is often prescribed before bariatric surgery to reduce weight and liver volume. While very-low-calorie diets (VLCDs, 450–800 kcal per day) have shown to be effective, the effectiveness of low-calorie diets (LCDs, 800–1500 kcal per day) is less obvious. The objective of this systematic review was to elucidate the effectiveness of LCD on liver volume reduction in patients awaiting bariatric surgery. Eight studies (n = 251) were included describing nine different diets (800–1200 kcal, 2–8 weeks). An LCD was effective in liver volume reduction (12–27%) and weight loss (4–17%), particularly during the first weeks. The LCD showed an acceptable patients’ compliance. Based on these findings, an LCD (800–1200 kcal), instead of a VLCD, for 2 to 4 weeks should be preferred.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Chang SH, Stoll CR, Song J, et al. The effectiveness and risks of bariatric surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis, 2003-2012. JAMA Surg. 2014;149(3):275–87.CrossRef
2.
Heneghan HM, Meron-Eldar S, Yenumula P, et al. Incidence and management of bleeding complications after gastric bypass surgery in the morbidly obese. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2012;8(6):729–35.
3.
Ma IT, Madura 2nd. JA. Gastrointestinal complications after bariatric surgery. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2015;11(8):526–35.
4.
González-Pérez J, Sánchez-Leenheer S, Delgado AR, et al. Clinical impact of a 6-week preoperative very low calorie diet on body weight and liver size in morbidly obese patients. Obes Surg. 2013;23(10):1624–31.CrossRef
5.
Van Wissen J, Bakker N, Doodeman H, et al. Preoperative methods to reduce liver volume in bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Obes Surg. 2016;26(2):251–6.CrossRef
6.
Losekann A, Weston AC, LAd C, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in severe obese patients, subjected to bariatric surgery. Arq Gastroenterol. 2013;50(4):285–9.CrossRef
7.
Bourne R, Tweedie J, Pelly F. Preoperative nutritional management of bariatric patients in Australia: the current practice of dietitians. Nutr Diet. 2018;75(3):316–23.CrossRef
8.
Holderbaum MS, Buss C. Dietary management in the immediate preoperative period of bariatric surgery: a national overview: bariatric preoperative diets. Obes Surg. 2018;28(6):1688–96.CrossRef
9.
Delbridge E, Proietto J. State of the science: VLED (very low energy diet) for obesity. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2006;15(suppl):49–54.
10.
Holderbaum M, Casagrande DS, Sussenbach S, et al. Effects of very low calorie diets on liver size and weight loss in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018;14(2):237–44.CrossRef
11.
Edholm D, Kullberg J, Haenni A, et al. Preoperative 4-week low-calorie diet reduces liver volume and intrahepatic fat, and facilitates laparoscopic gastric bypass in morbidly obese. Obes Surg. 2011;21(3):345–50.CrossRef
12.
Contreras AG, Sanjaume AB, Jaime MM, et al. Effects of two preoperatory weight loss diets on hepatic volume, metabolic parameters, and surgical complications in morbid obese bariatric surgery candidates: a randomized clinical trial. Obes Surg. 2018;28(12):3756–68.CrossRef
13.
Chaston TB, Dixon JB, O’Brien PE. Changes in fat-free mass during significant weight loss: a systematic review. Int J Obes. 2007;31(5):743–50.CrossRef
14.
Lawman HG, Troiano RP, Perna FM, et al. Associations of relative handgrip strength and cardiovascular disease biomarkers in US adults, 2011–2012. Am J Prev Med. 2016;50(6):677–83.CrossRef
15.
Cooper R, Kuh D, Hardy R. Objectively measured physical capability levels and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmj. 2010;341:c4467.CrossRef
16.
Lemanu DP, Srinivasa S, Singh PP, et al. Optimizing perioperative care in bariatric surgery patients. Obes Surg. 2012;22(6):979–90.CrossRef
17.
Pupim L, Martin CJ, Ikizler TA. Assessment of protein-energy nutritional status. Nutritional Management of Renal Disease: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia; 2004:223–40.
18.
Higgins J, Wells G. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 2011.
19.
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(4):264–9.CrossRef
20.
Higgins JP, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC, et al. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. Bmj. 2011;343:d5928.CrossRef
21.
Downs SH, Black N. The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998;52(6):377–84.CrossRef
22.
Chakravartty S, Vivian G, Mullholland N, et al. Preoperative liver shrinking diet for bariatric surgery may impact wound healing: a randomized controlled trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2019;15(1):117–25.CrossRef
23.
Bakker N, van den Helder RS, Geenen RWF, et al. Four weeks of preoperative omega-3 fatty acids reduce liver volume: a randomised controlled trial. Obes Surg. 2019;29(7):2037–44.CrossRef
24.
Ekici U, Ferhatoglu MF. Perioperative and postoperative effects of preoperative low-calorie restrictive diets on patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve Gastrectomy. J Gastrointest Surg. 2020;24(2):313–9.CrossRef
25.
Schiavo L, Scalera G, Sergio R, et al. Clinical impact of Mediterranean-enriched-protein diet on liver size, visceral fat, fat mass, and fat-free mass in patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015;11(5):1164–70.CrossRef
26.
Edholm D, Kullberg J, Karlsson FA, et al. Changes in liver volume and body composition during 4 weeks of low calorie diet before laparoscopic gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2015;11(3):602–6.CrossRef
27.
Colles SL, Dixon JB, Marks P, et al. Preoperative weight loss with a very-low-energy diet: quantitation of changes in liver and abdominal fat by serial imaging. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(2):304–11.CrossRef
28.
Sivakumar J, Chong L, Ward S, et al. Body composition changes following a very-low-calorie pre-operative diet in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2020;30(1):119–26.CrossRef
29.
Faria SL, Faria OP, Cardeal MD, et al. Validation study of multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry among obese patients. Obes Surg. 2014;24(9):1476–80.CrossRef
30.
Muschitz C, Kocijan R, Haschka J, et al. The impact of vitamin D, calcium, protein supplementation, and physical exercise on bone metabolism after bariatric surgery: the BABS study. J Bone Miner Res. 2016;31:672–82.CrossRef
31.
Marc-Hernández A, Ruiz-Tovar J, Aracil A, et al. Impact of exercise on body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in patients awaiting bariatric surgery. Obes Surg. 2019;29(12):3891–900.CrossRef
32.
Van Nieuwenhove Y, Dambrauskas Z, Campillo-Soto A, et al. Preoperative very low-calorie diet and operative outcome after laparoscopic gastric bypass: a randomized multicenter study. Arch Surg. 2011;146(11):1300–5.CrossRef
33.
Gerber P, Anderin C, Thorell A. Weight loss prior to bariatric surgery: an updated review of the literature. Scand J Surg. 2015;104(1):33–9.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Effectiveness of a Low-Calorie Diet for Liver Volume Reduction Prior to Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review
Authors
Marleen M. Romeijn
Aniek M. Kolen
Daniëlle D. B. Holthuijsen
Loes Janssen
Goof Schep
Wouter K. G. Leclercq
François M. H. van Dielen
Publication date
01-01-2021
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Obesity Surgery / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 0960-8923
Electronic ISSN: 1708-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-020-05070-6

Other articles of this Issue 1/2021

Obesity Surgery 1/2021 Go to the issue

Original Contributions

Can Omentopexy Reduce the Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy

Review

Current Status and Issues Associated with Bariatric and Metabolic Surgeries in Japan

New Concept

Conversion from Duodenal Switch to Single Anastomosis Duodenal Switch to Deal with Postoperative Malnutrition

Original Contributions

Single Anastomosis Duodenal-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy/One Anastomosis Duodenal Switch (SADI-S/OADS) IFSO Position Statement—Update 2020

Letter to the Editor

The Eternal Dilemma of the Bile into the Gastric Pouch After OAGB: Do We Need to Worry?

Review

One Anastomosis/Mini-Gastric Bypass (OAGB/MGB) as Revisional Surgery Following Primary Restrictive Bariatric Procedures: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis