Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Obesity Surgery 10/2014

01-10-2014 | Review Article

Single-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (SAGB): Appraisal of Clinical Evidence

Authors: Wei-Jei Lee, Yu-Hung Lin

Published in: Obesity Surgery | Issue 10/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Single-anastomosis (mini-) gastric bypass (SAGB) was proposed by Dr. Robert Rutledge. Criticism and prejudice against this procedure was raised by surgeons who preferred a more difficult procedure, laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Increasing data indicates the procedure is an effective and durable bariatric procedure. SAGB has lower operation risks compared to RYGB. The weight loss is better after SAGB because of a greater malabsorptive component than RYGB, but SAGB had a higher incidence of micronutrient deficiencies. Randomized controlled trial and long-term data demonstrate that SAGB can be regarded as a simpler and safer alternative to RYGB. We propose this procedure to be renamed “single-anastomosis gastric bypass (SAGB)” because the key feature of SAGB is the “single anastomosis” compared with the two anastomoses of RYGB.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kit BK, et al. Prevalence of obesity and trends in the distribution of body mass index among US adults, 1999–2010. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 2012;307(5):491–7. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.39.CrossRef Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kit BK, et al. Prevalence of obesity and trends in the distribution of body mass index among US adults, 1999–2010. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 2012;307(5):491–7. doi:10.​1001/​jama.​2012.​39.CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Prospective Studies C, Whitlock G, Lewington S, et al. Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet. 2009;373(9669):1083–96. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60318-4.CrossRef Prospective Studies C, Whitlock G, Lewington S, et al. Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet. 2009;373(9669):1083–96. doi:10.​1016/​S0140-6736(09)60318-4.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Flegal KM, Kit BK, Orpana H, et al. Association of all-cause mortality with overweight and obesity using standard body mass index categories: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 2013;309(1):71–82. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.113905.CrossRef Flegal KM, Kit BK, Orpana H, et al. Association of all-cause mortality with overweight and obesity using standard body mass index categories: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA J Am Med Assoc. 2013;309(1):71–82. doi:10.​1001/​jama.​2012.​113905.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Fisher BL, Buchwald H, Clark W, et al. Mini-gastric bypass controversy. Obes Surg. 2001;11(6):773–7.PubMed Fisher BL, Buchwald H, Clark W, et al. Mini-gastric bypass controversy. Obes Surg. 2001;11(6):773–7.PubMed
14.
go back to reference Lee WJ, Yu PJ, Wang W, et al. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y versus mini-gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Ann Surg. 2005;242(1):20–8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Lee WJ, Yu PJ, Wang W, et al. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y versus mini-gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Ann Surg. 2005;242(1):20–8.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Johnson WH, Fernanadez AZ, Farrell TM, et al. Surgical revision of loop (“mini”) gastric bypass procedure: multicenter review of complications and conversions to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis Off J Am Soc Bariatric Surg. 2007;3(1):37–41. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2006.09.012.CrossRef Johnson WH, Fernanadez AZ, Farrell TM, et al. Surgical revision of loop (“mini”) gastric bypass procedure: multicenter review of complications and conversions to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis Off J Am Soc Bariatric Surg. 2007;3(1):37–41. doi:10.​1016/​j.​soard.​2006.​09.​012.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Carbajo MA, Castro MJ, Kleinfinger S, et al. Effects of a balanced energy and high protein formula diet (Vegestart complet(R)) vs. low-calorie regular diet in morbid obese patients prior to bariatric surgery (laparoscopic single anastomosis gastric bypass): a prospective, double-blind randomized study. Nutr Hosp. 2010;25(6):939–48.PubMed Carbajo MA, Castro MJ, Kleinfinger S, et al. Effects of a balanced energy and high protein formula diet (Vegestart complet(R)) vs. low-calorie regular diet in morbid obese patients prior to bariatric surgery (laparoscopic single anastomosis gastric bypass): a prospective, double-blind randomized study. Nutr Hosp. 2010;25(6):939–48.PubMed
19.
go back to reference Garcia-Caballero M, Valle M, Martinez-Moreno JM, et al. Resolution of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in normal weight 24–29 BMI patients with one anastomosis gastric bypass. Nutr Hosp. 2012;27(2):623–31. doi:10.1590/S0212-16112012000200041.PubMed Garcia-Caballero M, Valle M, Martinez-Moreno JM, et al. Resolution of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in normal weight 24–29 BMI patients with one anastomosis gastric bypass. Nutr Hosp. 2012;27(2):623–31. doi:10.​1590/​S0212-1611201200020004​1.PubMed
21.
go back to reference Noun R, Riachi E, Zeidan S, et al. Mini-gastric bypass by mini-laparotomy: a cost-effective alternative in the laparoscopic era. Obes Surg. 2007;17(11):1482–6.PubMedCrossRef Noun R, Riachi E, Zeidan S, et al. Mini-gastric bypass by mini-laparotomy: a cost-effective alternative in the laparoscopic era. Obes Surg. 2007;17(11):1482–6.PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Darabi S, Talebpour M, Zeinoddini A, et al. Laparoscopic gastric plication versus mini-gastric bypass surgery in the treatment of morbid obesity: a randomized clinical trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis Off J Am Soc Bariatric Surg. 2013;9(6):914–9. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2013.07.012.CrossRef Darabi S, Talebpour M, Zeinoddini A, et al. Laparoscopic gastric plication versus mini-gastric bypass surgery in the treatment of morbid obesity: a randomized clinical trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis Off J Am Soc Bariatric Surg. 2013;9(6):914–9. doi:10.​1016/​j.​soard.​2013.​07.​012.CrossRef
26.
27.
go back to reference Lee WJ, Ser KH, Lee YC, et al. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y vs. mini-gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity: a 10-year experience. Obes Surg. 2012;22(12):1827–34.PubMedCrossRef Lee WJ, Ser KH, Lee YC, et al. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y vs. mini-gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity: a 10-year experience. Obes Surg. 2012;22(12):1827–34.PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Mason EE, Ito C. Gastric bypass in obesity. Surg Clin N Am. 1967;47(6):1345–51.PubMed Mason EE, Ito C. Gastric bypass in obesity. Surg Clin N Am. 1967;47(6):1345–51.PubMed
33.
35.
go back to reference Lee WJ, Wang W, Lee YC, et al. Effect of laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass for type 2 diabetes mellitus: comparison of BMI>35 and <35 kg/m2. J Gastrointest Surg Off J Soc Surg Aliment Tract. 2008;12(5):945–52. doi:10.1007/s11605-007-0319-4.CrossRef Lee WJ, Wang W, Lee YC, et al. Effect of laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass for type 2 diabetes mellitus: comparison of BMI>35 and <35 kg/m2. J Gastrointest Surg Off J Soc Surg Aliment Tract. 2008;12(5):945–52. doi:10.​1007/​s11605-007-0319-4.CrossRef
39.
43.
go back to reference Lopez-Tomassetti Fernandez EM, Arteaga Gonzalez I, Diaz-Luis H, et al. Obstruction of the bypassed stomach treated with percutaneous drainage: an alternative treatment for selected cases. Obes Surg. 2008;18(2):233–6. doi:10.1007/s11695-007-9246-4.PubMedCrossRef Lopez-Tomassetti Fernandez EM, Arteaga Gonzalez I, Diaz-Luis H, et al. Obstruction of the bypassed stomach treated with percutaneous drainage: an alternative treatment for selected cases. Obes Surg. 2008;18(2):233–6. doi:10.​1007/​s11695-007-9246-4.PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Higa KD, Boone KB, Ho T, et al. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity: technique and preliminary results of our first 400 patients. Arch Surg. 2000;135(9):1029–33. discussion 33–4.PubMedCrossRef Higa KD, Boone KB, Ho T, et al. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity: technique and preliminary results of our first 400 patients. Arch Surg. 2000;135(9):1029–33. discussion 33–4.PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Karamanakos SN, Vagenas K, Kalfarentzos F, et al. Weight loss, appetite suppression, and changes in fasting and postprandial ghrelin and peptide-YY levels after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: a prospective, double blind study. Ann Surg. 2008;247(3):401–7. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e318156f012.PubMedCrossRef Karamanakos SN, Vagenas K, Kalfarentzos F, et al. Weight loss, appetite suppression, and changes in fasting and postprandial ghrelin and peptide-YY levels after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy: a prospective, double blind study. Ann Surg. 2008;247(3):401–7. doi:10.​1097/​SLA.​0b013e318156f012​.PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Korner J, Inabnet W, Febres G, et al. Prospective study of gut hormone and metabolic changes after adjustable gastric banding and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Int J Obes. 2009;33(7):786–95. doi:10.1038/ijo.2009.79.CrossRef Korner J, Inabnet W, Febres G, et al. Prospective study of gut hormone and metabolic changes after adjustable gastric banding and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Int J Obes. 2009;33(7):786–95. doi:10.​1038/​ijo.​2009.​79.CrossRef
50.
go back to reference Lee WJ, Chen CY, Chong K, et al. Changes in postprandial gut hormones after metabolic surgery: a comparison of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. Surg Obes Relat Dis Off J Am Soc Bariatric Surg. 2011;7(6):683–90. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2011.07.009.CrossRef Lee WJ, Chen CY, Chong K, et al. Changes in postprandial gut hormones after metabolic surgery: a comparison of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. Surg Obes Relat Dis Off J Am Soc Bariatric Surg. 2011;7(6):683–90. doi:10.​1016/​j.​soard.​2011.​07.​009.CrossRef
54.
go back to reference Wu CC, Lee WJ, Ser KH, et al. Gastric cancer after mini-gastric bypass surgery: a case report and literature review. Asian J Endoscopic Surg. 2013;6(4):303–6. doi:10.1111/ases.12052.CrossRef Wu CC, Lee WJ, Ser KH, et al. Gastric cancer after mini-gastric bypass surgery: a case report and literature review. Asian J Endoscopic Surg. 2013;6(4):303–6. doi:10.​1111/​ases.​12052.CrossRef
55.
go back to reference Rieu PN, Jansen JB, Biemond I, et al. Short-term results of gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y or Billroth II anastomosis for peptic ulcer. Prospect Comp Study Hepato-gastroenterol. 1992;39(1):22–6. Rieu PN, Jansen JB, Biemond I, et al. Short-term results of gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y or Billroth II anastomosis for peptic ulcer. Prospect Comp Study Hepato-gastroenterol. 1992;39(1):22–6.
56.
go back to reference Csendes A, Burgos AM, Smok G, et al. Latest results (12–21 years) of a prospective randomized study comparing Billroth II and Roux-en-Y anastomosis after a partial gastrectomy plus vagotomy in patients with duodenal ulcers. Ann Surg. 2009;249(2):189–94. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181921aa1.PubMedCrossRef Csendes A, Burgos AM, Smok G, et al. Latest results (12–21 years) of a prospective randomized study comparing Billroth II and Roux-en-Y anastomosis after a partial gastrectomy plus vagotomy in patients with duodenal ulcers. Ann Surg. 2009;249(2):189–94. doi:10.​1097/​SLA.​0b013e3181921aa1​.PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Lee WJ, Lee KT, Kasama K, et al. Laparoscopic single-anastomosis duodenal-jejunal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADJB-SG): short-term result and comparison with gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2014;24(1):109–13. doi:10.1007/s11695-013-1067-z.PubMedCrossRef Lee WJ, Lee KT, Kasama K, et al. Laparoscopic single-anastomosis duodenal-jejunal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADJB-SG): short-term result and comparison with gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2014;24(1):109–13. doi:10.​1007/​s11695-013-1067-z.PubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Lee WJ, Wang W, Chen TC, et al. Totally laparoscopic radical BII gastrectomy for the treatment of gastric cancer: a comparison with open surgery. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutaneous Tech. 2008;18(4):369–74. doi:10.1097/SLE.0b013e31816fdd44.CrossRef Lee WJ, Wang W, Chen TC, et al. Totally laparoscopic radical BII gastrectomy for the treatment of gastric cancer: a comparison with open surgery. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutaneous Tech. 2008;18(4):369–74. doi:10.​1097/​SLE.​0b013e31816fdd44​.CrossRef
59.
go back to reference Huscher CG, Mingoli A, Sgarzini G, et al. Laparoscopic versus open subtotal gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer: five-year results of a randomized prospective trial. Ann Surg. 2005;241(2):232–7.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Huscher CG, Mingoli A, Sgarzini G, et al. Laparoscopic versus open subtotal gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer: five-year results of a randomized prospective trial. Ann Surg. 2005;241(2):232–7.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Kim HH, Hyung WJ, Cho GS, et al. Morbidity and mortality of laparoscopic gastrectomy versus open gastrectomy for gastric cancer: an interim report—a phase III multicenter, prospective, randomized trial (KLASS Trial). Ann Surg. 2010;251(3):417–20. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181cc8f6b.PubMedCrossRef Kim HH, Hyung WJ, Cho GS, et al. Morbidity and mortality of laparoscopic gastrectomy versus open gastrectomy for gastric cancer: an interim report—a phase III multicenter, prospective, randomized trial (KLASS Trial). Ann Surg. 2010;251(3):417–20. doi:10.​1097/​SLA.​0b013e3181cc8f6b​.PubMedCrossRef
62.
63.
go back to reference Kuo WH, Lee WJ, Chen CN, et al. Laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy in a patient with early gastric cancer. J Formos Med Assoc Taiwan yi zhi. 1998;97(2):127–30. Kuo WH, Lee WJ, Chen CN, et al. Laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy in a patient with early gastric cancer. J Formos Med Assoc Taiwan yi zhi. 1998;97(2):127–30.
64.
go back to reference Lee WJ, Huang MT, Lai IR, et al. Laparoscopic vertical banded gastric partition. Formos J Surg. 1999;v.32(n.4):165–71. Lee WJ, Huang MT, Lai IR, et al. Laparoscopic vertical banded gastric partition. Formos J Surg. 1999;v.32(n.4):165–71.
65.
go back to reference Lee WJ, Huang MT, Lai IR. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Formos J Surg. 2003;36:104–11. Lee WJ, Huang MT, Lai IR. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity. Formos J Surg. 2003;36:104–11.
66.
67.
go back to reference Varela JE, Hinojosa MW, Nguyen NT. Laparoscopic fundoplication compared with laparoscopic gastric bypass in morbidly obese patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Surg Obes Relat Dis Off J Am Soc Bariatric Surg. 2009;5(2):139–43. doi:10.1016/j.soard.2008.08.021.CrossRef Varela JE, Hinojosa MW, Nguyen NT. Laparoscopic fundoplication compared with laparoscopic gastric bypass in morbidly obese patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Surg Obes Relat Dis Off J Am Soc Bariatric Surg. 2009;5(2):139–43. doi:10.​1016/​j.​soard.​2008.​08.​021.CrossRef
72.
go back to reference Dixon JB, Hur KY, Lee WJ, et al. Gastric bypass in type 2 diabetes with BMI < 30: weight and weight loss have a major influence on outcomes. Diabet Med J Br Diabet Assoc. 2013;30(4):e127–34. doi:10.1111/dme.12107.CrossRef Dixon JB, Hur KY, Lee WJ, et al. Gastric bypass in type 2 diabetes with BMI < 30: weight and weight loss have a major influence on outcomes. Diabet Med J Br Diabet Assoc. 2013;30(4):e127–34. doi:10.​1111/​dme.​12107.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Single-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (SAGB): Appraisal of Clinical Evidence
Authors
Wei-Jei Lee
Yu-Hung Lin
Publication date
01-10-2014
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Obesity Surgery / Issue 10/2014
Print ISSN: 0960-8923
Electronic ISSN: 1708-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11695-014-1369-9

Other articles of this Issue 10/2014

Obesity Surgery 10/2014 Go to the issue