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Archives of Osteoporosis
Published in: Archives of Osteoporosis 1-2/2013

01-12-2013 | Original Article

The relationship between body mass index and physical activity levels in relation to bone mineral density in premenopausal and postmenopausal women

Authors: James Wee, Bo Yang Jonathan Sng, Liang Shen, Chin Tat Lim, Gurpal Singh, Shamal Das De

Published in: Archives of Osteoporosis | Issue 1-2/2013

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Abstract

Summary

We prospectively analyzed 283 women to evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and physical activity levels on bone mineral density (BMD) progression in pre- and postmenopausal women over 2 years. In postmenopausal women, lower BMI was linked with worsening BMD, and moderate activity levels were associated with a lower likelihood of worsening BMD at 2 years.

Purpose

The aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of BMI and physical activity levels on BMD progression in pre- and postmenopausal Asian women over 2 years.

Methods

We prospectively analyzed 283 women from 2006 to 2009. They were divided into two groups (159 pre- and 124 postmenopausal) and analyzed separately to avoid confounding by age and menopausal hormonal status. The mean follow-up period was 771 days. Demographic data was obtained, including medical history, calcium supplementation, BMI, and physical activity levels (IPAQ scale). Bilateral femoral neck BMD was determined at the time of recruitment, 1 year, and after 2 years. Generalized linear modeling was used to evaluate the effects of BMI and physical activity levels on BMD progression over a 2-year period.

Results

Amongst premenopausal women, lower initial femoral neck BMD scores were linked to worsening BMD (p = 0.048). In postmenopausal women, lower BMI was linked with worsening BMD (p = 0.012). Postmenopausal patients with moderate activity levels had a lower likelihood of worsening BMD at 2 years (p = 0.038). High physical activity levels were linked to a lower risk of BMD worsening (p = 0.066).

Conclusions

Higher BMI scores are protective for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Moderate levels of physical activity are beneficial for bone health in postmenopausal women, while low physical activity levels are not helpful. We recommend that, in the secondary prevention of osteoporosis, postmenopausal women should be encouraged to participate regularly in moderate physical activities. A practical approach would be walking 30 min a day for at least 5 days per week.
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Metadata
Title
The relationship between body mass index and physical activity levels in relation to bone mineral density in premenopausal and postmenopausal women
Authors
James Wee
Bo Yang Jonathan Sng
Liang Shen
Chin Tat Lim
Gurpal Singh
Shamal Das De
Publication date
01-12-2013
Publisher
Springer London
Published in
Archives of Osteoporosis / Issue 1-2/2013
Print ISSN: 1862-3522
Electronic ISSN: 1862-3514
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-013-0162-z

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