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Targeted Oncology
Published in: Targeted Oncology 3/2015

01-09-2015 | Review

The route to personalized medicine in bladder cancer: where do we stand?

Authors: Francesco Massari, Chiara Ciccarese, Matteo Santoni, Matteo Brunelli, Alessandro Conti, Alessandra Modena, Rodolfo Montironi, Daniele Santini, Liang Cheng, Guido Martignoni, Stefano Cascinu, Giampaolo Tortora

Published in: Targeted Oncology | Issue 3/2015

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Abstract

Recent advances in molecular biology and drug design have described novel targets in bladder cancer. EGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), VEGFR, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, PD-1, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), Aurora kinase A, and miRNA are just examples of these opening frontiers. In addition, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are promising candidates for future therapeutic approaches. Novel agents, combination, and sequences are emerging from the 747 clinical studies presently in course in bladder cancer to optimize patient outcomes. This report describes the emerging targets and provides an update on ongoing phase I, II, and III trials and preliminary results on targeted agents, used alone, in sequences, or in combination for patients with bladder cancer.
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Metadata
Title
The route to personalized medicine in bladder cancer: where do we stand?
Authors
Francesco Massari
Chiara Ciccarese
Matteo Santoni
Matteo Brunelli
Alessandro Conti
Alessandra Modena
Rodolfo Montironi
Daniele Santini
Liang Cheng
Guido Martignoni
Stefano Cascinu
Giampaolo Tortora
Publication date
01-09-2015
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Targeted Oncology / Issue 3/2015
Print ISSN: 1776-2596
Electronic ISSN: 1776-260X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11523-015-0357-x

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