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Molecular Imaging and Biology
Published in: Molecular Imaging and Biology 1/2020

01-02-2020 | Prostate Cancer | Research Article

Novel Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescence Dye for Image-Guided Surgery of Prostate Cancer

Authors: Amerigo Pagoto, Francesca Garello, Giada Maria Marini, Martina Tripepi, Francesca Arena, Paola Bardini, Rachele Stefania, Stefania Lanzardo, Giovanni Valbusa, Francesco Porpiglia, Matteo Manfredi, Silvio Aime, Enzo Terreno

Published in: Molecular Imaging and Biology | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Purpose

Prostate cancer (PCa), the most widespread male cancer in western countries, is generally eradicated by surgery, especially if localized. However, during surgical procedures, it is not always possible to identify malignant tissues by visual inspection. Among the possible consequences, there is the formation of positive surgical margins, often associated with recurrence. In this work, the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), overexpressed in the prostatic carcinoma and not in healthy tissues or in benign hyperplasia (BPH), is proposed as target molecule to design a novel near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probe for image-guided prostatectomy.

Procedures

The NIRF dye Sulfo-Cy5.5 was conjugated to a Bombesin-like peptide (BBN), targeting GRPR. The final product, called BBN-Cy5.5, was characterized and tested in vitro on PC-3, DU145, and LnCAP cell lines, using unconjugated Sulfo-Cy5.5 as control. In vivo biodistribution studies were performed by optical imaging in PC-3 tumor-bearing and healthy mice. Finally, simulation of the surgical protocol was carried out.

Results

BBN-Cy5.5 showed high water solubility and a good relative quantum yield. The ability of the probe to recognize the GRPR, highly expressed in PC-3 cells, was tested both in vitro and in vivo, where a significant tumor accumulation was achieved 24 h post-injection. Furthermore, a distinguishable fluorescent signal was visible in mice bearing PCa, when the surgery was simulated. By contrast, low signal was found in healthy or BPH-affected mice.

Conclusions

This work proposes a new NIRF probe ideal to target GRPR, biomarker of PCa. The promising data obtained suggest that the dye could allow the real-time intraoperative visualization of prostate cancer.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Novel Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescence Dye for Image-Guided Surgery of Prostate Cancer
Authors
Amerigo Pagoto
Francesca Garello
Giada Maria Marini
Martina Tripepi
Francesca Arena
Paola Bardini
Rachele Stefania
Stefania Lanzardo
Giovanni Valbusa
Francesco Porpiglia
Matteo Manfredi
Silvio Aime
Enzo Terreno
Publication date
01-02-2020
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Molecular Imaging and Biology / Issue 1/2020
Print ISSN: 1536-1632
Electronic ISSN: 1860-2002
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-019-01354-1

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